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| The Two Cultures of Science: Implications for University-Industry Relationships in the U.S. Agriculture Biotechnology |
| William B Lacy, Lel, L Glenna, Dina Biscotti, Rick Welsh , Kate Clancy |
1.University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
2.State College, Pennsylvania State University, PA 16801 USA
3.University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
4.Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
5.Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD 21218, USA |
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摘要 Partnerships between U.S. universities and industries have existed for several decades and in recent years have become generally more varied, wider in scope, more aggressive and experimental and higher in public visibility. In addition, in the last few decades, public and private interests have advocated for government policies and laws to globally promote the commercialization of university science. This paper examines the persistence or convergence of the two cultures of science and the implications of this commercialization for university-industry relationships in agriculture biotechnology. The perceptions and values of over 200 U.S. university and industry scientists, managers and administrators who participate in or oversee research collaborations in agricultural biotechnology were analyzed. The findings revealed that the participants in these research relationships continue to perceive very distinct cultures of science and identify a wide range of concerns and disadvantages of these partnerships. Several actions were discussed to ensure that the two cultures serve complementary roles and that they maximize the public benefits from these increasing collaborations.
Abstract Partnerships between U.S. universities and industries have existed for several decades and in recent years have become generally more varied, wider in scope, more aggressive and experimental and higher in public visibility. In addition, in the last few decades, public and private interests have advocated for government policies and laws to globally promote the commercialization of university science. This paper examines the persistence or convergence of the two cultures of science and the implications of this commercialization for university-industry relationships in agriculture biotechnology. The perceptions and values of over 200 U.S. university and industry scientists, managers and administrators who participate in or oversee research collaborations in agricultural biotechnology were analyzed. The findings revealed that the participants in these research relationships continue to perceive very distinct cultures of science and identify a wide range of concerns and disadvantages of these partnerships. Several actions were discussed to ensure that the two cultures serve complementary roles and that they maximize the public benefits from these increasing collaborations.
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Received: 29 May 2013
Accepted:
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| Fund: This study is part of the project Public Goods and the University-Industry Relationships in Agricultural Biotechnology funded by the Cooperative States Research, Education, and Extension Service of USDA under IFAFS Agreement 2001-52100-11217. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. |
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Corresponding Authors:
William B Lacy, E-mail: wblacy@ucdavis.edu
E-mail: wblacy@ucdavis.edu
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| About author: William B Lacy, E-mail: wblacy@ucdavis.edu |
Cite this article:
William B Lacy, Lel , L Glenna, Dina Biscotti, Rick Welsh , Kate Clancy.
2014.
The Two Cultures of Science: Implications for University-Industry Relationships in the U.S. Agriculture Biotechnology. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 13(2): 455-466.
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