小麦穗长主效QTL—qSl-2D的遗传和育种选择效应解析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.20.001

中国农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (20): 3917-3930.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.20.001

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇下一篇

小麦穗长主效QTL—qSl-2D的遗传和育种选择效应解析

董继梓(), 陈林渠(), 郭浩儒, 张梦宇, 刘志霄, 韩磊, 田赵飒爽, 徐宁浩, 郭庆杰, 黄振洁, 杨傲宇, 赵春华, 吴永振, 孙晗, 秦冉(), 崔法()

鲁东大学农学院/山东省高等学校作物高产抗逆分子模块重点实验室，山东烟台 264025

收稿日期:2023-04-10 接受日期:2023-05-23 出版日期:2023-10-16 发布日期:2023-10-31
通信作者: 秦冉，E-mail：ranqin89@163.com。崔法，E-mail：sdaucf@126.com
联系方式: 董继梓，E-mail：1324758770@qq.com。陈林渠，E-mail：1531484513@qq.com。董继梓和陈林渠为同等贡献作者。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32101726); 国家自然科学基金(32072051); 国家自然科学基金(32272119); 山东省重点研发计划（重大创新工程）(2022LZG002-2)

Analysis of Genetic and Breeding Selection Effects of A Major QTL-qSl-2D for Wheat Spike Length

DONG JiZi(), CHEN LinQu(), GUO HaoRu, ZHANG MengYu, LIU ZhiXiao, HAN Lei, TIAN ZhaoSaShuang, XU NingHao, GUO QingJie, HUANG ZhenJie, YANG AoYu, ZHAO ChunHua, WU YongZhen, SUN Han, QIN Ran(), CUI Fa()

School of Agriculture, Ludong University/Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong, Yantai 264025, Shandong

Received:2023-04-10 Accepted:2023-05-23 Published:2023-10-16 Online:2023-10-31

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】通过对小麦穗长稳定主效QTL进行遗传及育种选择效应分析，明确其对产量性状的遗传效应，评价其未来育种应用潜力，为后续基因挖掘和小麦分子育种提供依据。【方法】利用科农9204×京411构建的重组自交系（recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross of Kenong 9204 and Jing 411，KJ-RIL）群体定位到一个多环境稳定表达的穗长主效QTL，命名为qSl-2D;利用双亲靶区间序列差异InDel位点开发出2个与该QTL紧密连锁的分子标记;结合分子标记及55K芯片基因型数据，分别进行基于KJ-RIL、MY-F₂、NILs及自然作图群体的产量相关性状遗传效应分析;基于自然作图群体基因分型，分析qSl-2D单倍型在各麦区及不同年代的育种选择效应。【结果】QTL定位结果表明，qSl-2D可在7/10组环境数据中被检测到，可解释4.02%—10.10%的表型变异。其中，5/10组环境数据的LOD峰值均位于608.75 Mb处。遗传效应分析结果表明，qSl-2D增效等位基因型在4个群体遗传背景下均能显著增加穗长。此外，其在大部分群体背景下对穗粒数、株高有正向效应，而对千粒重、穗粒重和单株产量有负向效应。对KJ-RIL群体株高进一步分析发现，qSl-2D增效等位基因型对株高效应未达到显著水平的原因在于其对除穗下节间长以外的各节间长都有降秆效应;qSl-2D单倍型分析结果表明，长穗单倍型Hap-AA-GG在不同麦区中选择利用率差异较大，在北部冬麦区中选择利用率最高，占比24%;而短穗单倍型Hap-CC-CC在大部分麦区中占比30%以上。此外，随着年代的递进，qSl-2D长穗单倍型选择利用率逐渐降低，而短穗单倍型一直保持较高的选择利用率。【结论】定位到一个稳定主效的穗长QTL——qSl-2D，其增效等位基因型可在不同遗传背景下显著增加穗长，同时对其他产量相关性状有一定的遗传效应。靶区段开发的紧密连锁分子标记可用于小麦穗长及相关产量性状的遗传改良。

关键词: 小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）, 穗长, 主效QTL, 遗传效应解析, 分子标记

Abstract:

【Objective】By analyzing the genetic and breeding selection effects of the stable major QTL for spike length in wheat, its genetic effects on yield-related traits were clarified, and the future breeding application potential was evaluated. The results could provide a basis for subsequent gene mining and molecular breeding of wheat. 【Method】A major QTL for spike length, named qSl-2D, was detected in multiple environments using a recombinant inbred lines population derived from the cross of Kenong9204 and Jing411, denoted as KJ-RIL; Two molecular markers closely linked to qSl-2D were developed by using the InDel sites in target interval. The genetic effects of yield-related traits based on KJ-RIL, MY-F₂, NILs and natural mapping populations, were analyzed by combining genotype data of molecular markers or wheat 55K array, respectively. By genotyping the natural mapping population, the breeding selection effect of qSl-2D haplotype was parsed across different wheat regions and different ages. 【Result】QTL mapping results showed that qSl-2D could be detected in 7/10 sets of environmental data, and could explain 4.02%-10.10% of the phenotypic variation. The peak LOD of 5/10 sets of environmental data was positioned at 608.75 Mb. The results of genetic effect analysis showed that the enhancing allele of qSl-2D could significantly increase spike length in the four populations with different genetic backgrounds. In addition, it has positive effects on kernel number per spike and plant height, but has negative effects on thousand kernel weight, kernel weight per spike and yield per plant in most population backgrounds. Further analysis of plant height in KJ-RIL population showed that the enhancing allele had rod lowering effect on all internode lengths except the internode length below spike, which resulted in the insignificant increase in plant height. The results of qSl-2D haplotype analysis showed that the utilization rates of the long-spike haplotype Hap-AA-GG varied greatly in different wheat regions, with the highest utilization rate in the northern winter wheat region, accounting for 24%; while the short-spike haplotype Hap-CC-CC accounted for more than 30% in most wheat regions. Moreover, the utilization rate of qSl-2D long-spike haplotype showed a gradual decrease over time, while that of short-spike haplotype consistently maintained a higher selection trend. 【Conclusion】A stable major QTL-qSl-2D for spike length was identified, the enhancing allele of qSl-2D could significantly increase spike length under different genetic backgrounds, and had certain genetic effects on yield-related traits. The closely linked molecular markers developed in the target region can be used for the genetic improvement of wheat spike length and yield-related traits in wheat.

Key words: wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), spike length, major QTL, genetic effects analysis, molecular marker

董继梓, 陈林渠, 郭浩儒, 张梦宇, 刘志霄, 韩磊, 田赵飒爽, 徐宁浩, 郭庆杰, 黄振洁, 杨傲宇, 赵春华, 吴永振, 孙晗, 秦冉, 崔法. 小麦穗长主效QTL—qSl-2D的遗传和育种选择效应解析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(20): 3917-3930.

DONG JiZi, CHEN LinQu, GUO HaoRu, ZHANG MengYu, LIU ZhiXiao, HAN Lei, TIAN ZhaoSaShuang, XU NingHao, GUO QingJie, HUANG ZhenJie, YANG AoYu, ZHAO ChunHua, WU YongZhen, SUN Han, QIN Ran, CUI Fa. Analysis of Genetic and Breeding Selection Effects of A Major QTL-qSl-2D for Wheat Spike Length[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(20): 3917-3930.

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环境 Environments	位置 Position (Mb)	左端标记 Left marker	右端标记 Right marker	LOD	表型变异率 PVE (%)	加性效应 Add
E1	608.75	AX-111528013	AX-95178308	10.13	4.02	-0.20
E3	608.75	AX-111528013	AX-95178308	9.07	10.10	-0.24
E4	608.75	AX-111528013	AX-95178308	9.07	8.73	-0.25
E7	577.75	AX-109437399	AX-94823865	5.72	8.31	-0.22
E8	608.75	AX-111528013	AX-95178308	5.63	7.93	-0.21
LN-BLUE	609.75	AX-95178308	AX-108752409	8.42	9.85	-0.19
HN-BLUE	608.75	AX-111528013	AX-95178308	9.82	8.49	-0.20

基因型 Genotype	性状Traits
基因型 Genotype	穗下节间长 ILBS (cm)	倒二节间长 SECITL (cm)	倒三节间长 THIITL (cm)	倒四节间长 FOUITL (cm)	倒五节间长 FIFITL (cm)
Hap-KN9204	20.71±3.82	19.78±2.11	13.55±1.37	9.50±1.34	5.78±1.28
Hap-J411	21.16±4.14	19.37±2.13	13.37±1.31	9.33±1.31	5.49±1.40

基因型 Genotype	性状Traits
基因型 Genotype	穗长 SL (cm)	株高 PH (cm)	穗粒数 KNPS	每穗小穗数 SNPS	单株穗数 SN	千粒重 TKW (g)	小穗密度 SD
NIL-KN9204	7.73±0.50	61.17±1.92	53.75±3.40	18.50±1.69	8.42±2.37	39.07±3.68	2.93±3.40
NIL-J411	8.5±0.57**	61.58±2.43	55.67±5.68	18.71±2.49	10.14±1.77	38.54±2.96	2.27±0.20

基因型 Genotype	性状Traits
基因型 Genotype	穗长 SL (cm)	株高 PH (cm)	穗粒数 KNPS	每穗小穗数 SNPS	千粒重 TKW (g)	小穗密度 SD
Hap-M37	10.08±0.74^**	78.33±5.90^**	57.89±7.62	20.00±1.12	41.62±2.96	3.95±3.47^**
Hap-YN999	9.16±0.93	74.99±5.21	55.26±7.23	19.20±1.46	41.44±4.11	2.13±0.21

QTL名称 QTL name	左端标记 Left marker	右端标记 Right marker	区间 Interval (Mb)	参考文献 Reference
QSl2D-1	XGWM296	XWMC112	17.61—23.02	[36]
QSl2D-2	XCFD53	XWMC18	23.02—130.83	[36]
QSl2D-3	XGWM296	XGWM261	17.61—19.62	[36]
QSl2D-4	XGWM311.2	XBARC129.2	647.51-	[36]
QSl2D-5	XWMC112	XCFD53	—23.02	[36]
QSpl.nau-2D	Xcfd53	DG371	23.02—	[13]
QTL	wmc181	gs2a	593.74—	[15]
QTL	gwm261	barc168	19.62—44.74	[15]
QTL	Xcfd53	Xwmc18	23.02—130.83	[37]
QTL	Xwgrc1257	DG371	/	[17]
QSl.sau.2D.1	AX-111096297	AX-109422526	32.97—35.02	[18]
QSl.sau.2D.2	AX-110552569	AX-111660432	602.14—606.92	[18]
qSL-2D.1	AX-111939856	AX-111497351	30.49—31.58	[19]
Qsl.nwsuaf-2D	tplb0053n05_793	Kukri_c51992_290	20.77—22.45	[20]
QSL-XX.2D	AX-111561744	AX-179557748	23.42—31.56	[21]
MQTL-2D-1	2243439--D	GDEEGVY02I0IOX_61	2.69—8.98	[10]
MQTL-2D-2	D_contig74612	253--2243548	5.44—10.32	[10]
MQTL-2D-3	3222417--D	GA8KES401CIV9Z_240	24.98—28.76	[10]
MQTL-2D-4	1282771	983316	28.88—36.42	[10]
QTL	AX-109911369	AX-111087066	18.2—36.89	[38]
QSl.cas-2D.2	AX-110462142	AX-110168677	585.69—601.05	[39]

小麦穗长主效QTL—qSl-2D的遗传和育种选择效应解析

Analysis of Genetic and Breeding Selection Effects of A Major QTL-qSl-2D for Wheat Spike Length

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