高粱品种萌发期耐盐性筛选与鉴定

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.09.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】根据不同高粱品种萌发期对盐胁迫的响应，筛选出适合在盐渍土壤上种植的高粱品种及为耐盐胁迫人工调控提供依据。【方法】采用人工气候箱内培养皿培养，用150 mmol•L-1NaCl对42个高粱品种进行胁迫处理，蒸馏水处理为对照，每培养皿放30粒种子。人工气候箱内湿度60%，光照/黑暗时间为12h/12h，光照强度为134 μmol•m-2•s-1，昼/夜温度为28℃/25℃。培养第4天测定发芽势，第10天测定发芽率、根长、叶长、根重、叶重。通过主成分分析、聚类分析和对各品种的表现综合评定，对高粱品种进行耐盐性强弱的分类。【结果】多项萌发和生长参数的相对值之间存在着极显著或显著的正相关。主成分分析结果表明，根长、叶重和发芽率分别在根部、叶部和萌发因子中的负荷量最大，可作为萌发期高粱耐盐性筛选的主要鉴定指标。42个高粱品种的耐盐性存在很大差异，其中辽杂15等5个品种为高度耐盐品种，沈试104等14个品种为耐盐品种，敖杂1等12个品种为中等耐盐品种，铁杂17等8个品种为盐敏感品种，龙杂10等3个品种为高度盐敏感品种。【结论】150 mmol•L-1NaCl可作为高粱萌发期耐盐性鉴定的适宜盐浓度，根长、叶重和发芽率等指标可用于大批量高粱品种耐盐性的评价。

关键词: 高粱, NaCl胁迫, 耐盐性, 主成分分析, 聚类分析

Abstract: 【Objective】The objectives of the current study were to explore the response of different sorghum cultivars to salt stress, screen sorghum cultivars suitable for growing in saline soils, and provide a foundation for management of salt stress.【Method】 Thirty seeds of each of 42 sorghum cultivars were treated with 150 mmol•L-1NaCl or distilled water and incubated in Petri dishes for 10 days at humidity of 60%, light/dark of 12h/12h, illumination of 34 μmol•m-2•s-1 and 28℃/25℃ of day/night. Germination and growth were assessed by counting the number of radicals and coleoptiles and leaves that had appeared on a daily basis from the fourth day and measuring their lengths and dry weights on the tenth day using destructive sampling. The cultivars were classified on the basis of salinity tolerance by means of principal component analysis and cluster analysis considering the range of data on germination and growth traits.【Result】The correlation analysis on the relative values of most germination and growth parameters showed positive relationships among several variables. The cultivars were ranked based on the principal components analysis and five groups on salinity tolerance were sorted for the 42 sorghum cultivars according to the cluster analysis.【Conclusion】Principal component analysis results showed that radical length, coleoptiles and leaf weight and germination rate were the most significant factors and are recommended as the main indexes to identify salinity tolerance of sorghum at germination. The analysis showed five of the 42 cultivars were highly salt tolerant, e.g. Liaoza 15, fourteen cultivars were salt tolerant, e.g. Shenshi 104, twelve cultivars were medium salt sensitive, e.g. Aoza 1, eight cultivars were salt sensitive, e.g Tieza 17, and three were highly salt sensitive, e.g. Longza 10. As this research only relates to ranking sensitivity during germination, further work is needed to determine the mechanism of tolerance and its persistence through the plant life cycle.

Key words: sorghum, NaCl stress, salinity tolerance, principal components analysis, cluster analysis

孙璐, 周宇飞, 汪澈, 肖木辑, 陶冶, 许文娟, 黄瑞冬. 高粱品种萌发期耐盐性筛选与鉴定[J]. 中国农业科学, 2012, 45(9): 1714-1722.

SUN Lu, ZHOU Yu-Fei, WANG Che, XIAO Mu-Ji, TAO Ye, XU Wen-Juan, HUANG Rui-Dong. Screening and Identification of Sorghum Cultivars for Salinity Tolerance During Germination[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2012, 45(9): 1714-1722.

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