关键词: 苹果, 钙, 浓度, 累积

Abstract: Changes of calcium concentration and accumulation in 8 apple cultivars were investigated. The results showed that the calcium concentration in leaves and shoots increased with the development of growth. The calcium content displayed a little difference at early stage in the season, and a significant difference at later stage, especially in shoots. The highest content of Ca of 19638.6 mg·kg-1 was observed in Starkrimson and the lowest of 8751.3 mg·kg-1 in Fuji fruits. The concentration of peduncle showed the increasing tendency with the development of fruit and accorded with the accumulation of calcium in fruit. With the development of fruit, the calcium concentration decreased rapidly from the highest in young fruit. There were significant differences in decrease of Ca content among cultivars. The young fruits of Starkrimson contained the highest calcium concentration of 506.52 mg·kg-1. Pink Lady was the next, while Red Fuji was only 66.27% of Starkrimson. The order of concentration of calcium in mature fruit were as follows: Starkrimson>Sansa>Pink Lady>Senshu>Gala>Red Fuji>Red General >New Century. After analysis showed that 8 cultivars could accumulate calcium in the whole development period, and the highest of 35%－46% of total calcium was accumulated in young fruits, the amount of accumulated Ca was lower in June. Some early cultivars, i.e. Gala, Sansa, Starkrimson, accumulated nearly 30% of total calcium in rapid growing stage. Fuji and Pink Lady had consistent accumulation of calcium, i.e. 22.6%, 19.9% and 26.7%, 24.6%, respectively, in July and August, total accumulation exceeded early stage of fruit development because they had longer growing stage. There was little accumulation after physiological maturity.

Key words: Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.), Calcium, Concentration, Accumulation