关键词: 农业作物, 林业作物, 天蛾科昆虫, 寄主植物, 互作网络

Abstract:

【Objective】Hawkmoth larvae feed on the leaves of host plants, causing plant damage or even death, thereby posing a serious threat to regional agricultural and forestry development. This paper aims to reveal the potential importance of different types of economic crops to hawkmoth pests in Beijing area, identify the main hawkmoth pest species associated with each crop type, and propose prevention and control strategies.【Method】A hawkmoth-host plant interaction network in Beijing area was constructed. Network structure was analyzed using metrics such as connectance, nestedness, and modularity. The roles of individual nodes within the network’s modular structure were quantified using inter-module connectivity (c-value) and within-module degree (z-value). The impact of nodes on network robustness was assessed using secondary extinction curves. The Kruskal-Wallis test was employed to determine whether there were significant differences in the effects of different crop types on network robustness and modular structure. For hawkmoth species with high connectivity in the network, their dietary composition was analyzed, and prevention and control recommendations were proposed based on different crop types.【Result】The hawkmoth-host plant interaction network exhibited a connectance C=0.043, nestedness N=3.67, and modularity Q=0.668. The agricultural crop category contained two module hubs, the forestry crop category contained two module hubs, the medicinal crop category contained two module hubs and three connectors, the ornamental crop category contained two module hubs and two connectors, the native tree category contained three module hubs and one connector, the other crop category contained four module hubs and two connectors, and plants in the non-economic crop category were all peripheral nodes. There was no significant difference among crop categories in their impact on network robustness. However, the within-module degree of all economic crop categories was significantly higher than that of non-economic crops (agricultural crops: P=0.0015; forestry crops: P=0.0030; medicinal crops: P=0.0010; ornamental crops: P=0.0069; native trees: P=0.0006; other crops: P=0.0011).【Conclusion】The hawkmoth-host plant interaction network in Beijing area exhibits a sparse and dispersed interaction pattern. Different hawkmoth pests pose high potential risks to various economic crop types. For prevention and control efforts in Beijing area, species with high centrality in the network, such as Psilogramma increta and Agrius convolvuli, should be prioritized for control across all host plants. For all crop categories, in addition to the protection of key agricultural and forestry crops, other economic crops and native trees should also be included in the scope of protection. For individual crop types, specific control measures should target hawkmoth species that primarily feed on them. Furthermore, for hawkmoth species that have distribution records in Beijing area and potential host plants but currently have small population sizes, vigilance should be exercised regarding the risk of population outbreaks.

Key words: agricultural crop, forestry crop, Sphingidae insect, host plant, interaction network