基于EPG技术的烟粉虱两个品系取食行为的比较

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2016.13.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】Cardinium是烟粉虱（Bemisia tabaci）体内的一种次生内共生菌。有研究表明Q型烟粉虱Cardinium品系（C⁺品系）与未感染品系（C^-品系）的寄主适合度有很大差异，但其产生差异的行为机制尚不明确。论文旨在研究两个Q型烟粉虱品系的取食行为差异，以期从行为学角度揭示两个品系适合度差异的原因。【方法】应用刺吸电位技术（electrical penetration graph, EPG）记录Q型烟粉虱C⁺品系和C^-品系在棉花与番茄上6 h的取食波形，然后对取食波形进行分类统计，共选取19个参数（非韧皮部参数11个，韧皮部参数8个）进行数据分析，比较这两个品系在非韧皮部和韧皮部的取食行为差异。【结果】共获得118个有效记录，其中在棉花上58个（C^-品系28个，C⁺品系30个），在番茄上60个（C^-品系31个，C⁺品系29个）。在取食棉花的非韧皮部阶段，烟粉虱C⁺品系刺探的总持续时间和路径波（C波）总持续时间显著高于C^-品系（P<0.05），C⁺品系第一次E波后非刺探时间显著低于C^-品系（P＜0.05）；在韧皮部阶段，两个品系分泌唾液（E1波）和吸食汁液（E2波）的相关参数无显著差异（P＞0.05），6 h能到达韧皮部阶段的烟粉虱比例也无显著差异（P＞0.05）。在取食番茄的非韧皮部阶段，烟粉虱C⁺品系的刺探总次数和第一次E波前的刺探次数均显著高于C^-品系（P＜0.05），C⁺品系从第一次刺探到第一次持续取食的时间显著长于C^-品系（P＜0.05），但刺探的平均持续时间显著短于C^-品系；在韧皮部阶段，两个品系在与分泌唾液和吸食汁液相关的参数均无显著差异（P＞0.05），6 h能到达韧皮部阶段的烟粉虱比例也无显著差异（P＞0.05）。总体上，烟粉虱C⁺品系和C^-品系在韧皮部的取食行为参数无显著差异；在非韧皮部C⁺品系较C^-品系具有更长的刺探时间和更多的刺探总次数。【结论】烟粉虱C⁺品系和C^-品系在寄主植物韧皮部的取食行为没有差异，在非韧皮部存在显著差异。在非韧皮部的取食行为差异可能与其适合度差异有关。

关键词: Q型烟粉虱, 适合度, 刺吸电位技术, 取食行为

Abstract: 【Objective】Cardinium is one of the endosymbiont species infects in sweetpotato whitefly Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Previous studies have shown that there was a significant difference in the fitness between Cardinium- infected (C⁺) and -uninfected (C^-) strains of B. tabaci Q biotype. However, the behavioral mechanism causing the difference in fitness between the two strains is not clear. This study investigated the difference in the feeding behavior of these two strains to reveal the underlying mechanism responsible for the difference in fitness. 【Method】The feeding behavior of C⁺ strain and C^- strain on cotton and tomato during 6 h was recorded using an electrical penetration graph (EPG). The waveform types of feeding behavior were then identified and analyzed. A total of 19 parameters (11 parameters associated with non-phloem phase and 8 parameters associated with phloem phase) were calculated and analyzed to compare the two strains’ feeding behavior at phloem stage and non-phloem stage.【Result】Of the 118 successful recordings obtained in this experiment, 58 recordings (C^- strain=28 replicates and C⁺ strain=30 replicates) were on cottons and 60 recordings (C^- strain=31 replicates and C⁺ strain=29 replicates) were on tomatoes. The results showed that at the non-phloem phase on cotton C⁺ strain had a significantly longer total duration of probes than C^- strain. C+ strain had a significantly shorter time than C^- strain in terms of in duration of np after the first E. The parameters associated with salivation into a sieve element and ingestion of a sieve element sap had no significant difference between the two strains on cotton at phloem phase, and the percentage of whiteflies reaching phloem phase within 6 hours had no significant difference. Meanwhile, at the non-phloem phase, C⁺ strain had a greater number of total probes and probes before the 1st E than C^- strain on tomato. C⁺ strain also had a longer time from the 1st probe to the 1st sustained E2 and a shorter average probe time than C^- strain. The parameters regarding salivation into a sieve element and ingestion of sieve element sap also had no significant difference between the two strains on tomato at phloem phase. Also, the percentage of whiteflies reaching phloem phase within 6 hours had no significant difference. On the whole, the parameters associated phloem phase had no significant difference between the two strains. Compared with C^- strain, C⁺ strain has a longer probing time and requires more probes at non-phloem phase.【Conclusion】The feeding behavior of C⁺ strain and C^- strain has no significant difference at phloem phase, but does have a significant difference at non-phloem phase. The results indicate that the feeding behavior difference of the two strains at non-phloem phase is most likely related to the difference in fitness.

Key words: Bemisia tabaci Q biotype, fitness, electrical penetration graph (EPG), feeding behavior

张文平，刘佰明，张珊，万方浩，褚栋. 基于EPG技术的烟粉虱两个品系取食行为的比较[J]. 中国农业科学, 2016, 49(13): 2544-2552.

ZHANG Wen-ping, LIU Bai-ming, ZHANG Shan, WAN Fang-hao, CHU Dong. Comparison of Feeding Behavior Between Two Bemisia tabaci Strains Using EPG Technique[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2016, 49(13): 2544-2552.

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