玉米大斑病菌有性杂交后代的交配型与寄生适合度分化

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2013.19.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】了解玉米大斑病菌有性杂交后代交配型和致病性分化情况，明确有性杂交与菌株变异间的关系。【方法】以01-12和01-15为出发菌株，人工诱导玉米大斑病菌的有性后代，获得F1代菌株，再以F1代菌株40和42为亲本，获得有性杂交F2代菌株；对有性后代进行交配型和寄生适合度测定；采用毛细管电泳技术分析不同致病类型菌株的毒素含量。【结果】在室内条件下连续诱导产生玉米大斑病菌的2个有性世代，获得了79个F1代菌株和32个F2代菌株；后代菌株的交配型发生了明显分化，出现了A、a、Aa和中性菌株，其中F1代A、a分离比例明显偏离1﹕1；寄生适合度测定结果表明，F1代和F2代菌株较亲本均发生了寄生适合度分化，其中F1代中较亲本寄生适合度增强的菌株占30.00%，减弱的菌株占50.00%；F2代中较亲本寄生适合度增强的菌株占21.87%，减弱的菌株占31.25%；毛细管电泳结果表明，强致病力菌株的毒性组分含量明显高于弱致病力菌株。【结论】有性杂交是导致菌株交配型及致病性发生分化变异的主要因素之一，菌株的致病力强弱与其毒素含量呈一致关系。

关键词: 玉米大斑病菌 , 有性杂交 , 交配型 , 寄生适合度

Abstract: 【Objective】The objective of this study is to analyze the diversity of mating type and pathogenicity in sexual hybridization offsprings of Setosphaeria turcica and investigate the relationship between sexual hybridization and variation of S. turcica.【Method】Using isolates 01-12 and 01-15 of S. turcica as parents, the sexual hybridization F1 generations were obtained by artificial induction, and F2 generation isolates were got by the same method when isolates 40 and 42 coming from F1 generation were used as parents. The mating type and parasitic fitness of sexual hybridization offsprings were tested with Huangzaosi. The toxin of different pathogenic isolates was analyzed by capillary electrophoresis. 【Result】Two sexual generations were induced continuously. Seventy-nine sexual hybridization F1 and thirty-two F2 isolates were obtained in this experiment. The mating types were A, a, Aa and neutral isolates, which appeared obvious diversity, but the ratio of A and a in F1 generations was far away from 1:1. The result of parasitic fitness showed that F1 and F2 isolates generated diversity. The percentages of strong parasitic fitness and feeble parasitic fitness in F1 generations were 30.00% and 50.00%, respectively, and those in F2 generations were 21.87% and 31.25%, respectively. The results of capillary electrophoresis suggested that the toxin content of stronger pathogenic isolates were higher than that of lower pathogenic isolates. 【Conclusion】 The sexual hybridization is one of the chief elements resulting in mat type and pathogenic diversity. The toxin content of an isolate is positively correlated with its pathogenicity.

Key words: Setosphaeria turcica , sexual hybridization , mating type , parasitic fitness

郭丽媛1, 贾慧1, 曹志艳1, 谷守芹1, 孙淑琴2, 董金皋1. 玉米大斑病菌有性杂交后代的交配型与寄生适合度分化[J]. 中国农业科学, 2013, 46(19): 4058-4065.

GUO Li-Yuan-1, JIA Hui-1, CAO Zhi-Yan-1, GU Shou-Qin-1, SUN Shu-Qin-2, DONG Jin-Gao-1. Analysis on Mating Type and Parasitic Fitness Diversity in Sexual Hybridization Offsprings of Setosphaeria turcica[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2013, 46(19): 4058-4065.

0
/ / 推荐

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

链接本文: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2013.19.011

https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/Y2013/V46/I19/4058

参考文献

[1]王会伟, 李洪杰, 朱振东, 武小菲, 王晓鸣. Ht2背景下玉米对大斑病菌1号小种抗性基因的表达差异研究. 植物病理学报, 2010, 40(2): 135-143.

Wang H J, Li H J, Zhu Z D, Wu X F, Wang X M. Differential analysis of Ht2-related genes in incompatible reaction between Huangzaosi Ht2 and Exserohilum turcicum race1. Acta Phytopathologica Sinica, 2010, 40(2): 135-143. (in Chinese)

[2]王晓鸣, 晋齐鸣, 石洁, 王作英, 李晓. 玉米病害发生现状与推广品种抗性对未来病害发展的影响. 植物病理学报, 2006, 36(1): 1-11.

Wang X M, Jin Q M, Shi J, Wang Z Y, Li X. The status of maize diseases and the possible effect of variety resistance on disease occurrence in the future. Acta Phytopathologica Sinica, 2006, 36(1): 1-11. (in Chinese)

[3]Dong J G, Fan Y S, Gui X M, An X L, Ma J F, Dong Z P. Geographic distribution and genetic analysis of physiological races of Setosphaeria turcica in Northern China. American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, 2008, 3(1): 389-398.

[4]Luttrell E S. Leptosphaeria perfect stages for Helminthosporium turcicum and H. rostratum. Phytopathology, 1957, 47(5): 313.

[5]Nelson R R, Robert A L, Sprague G F. Evaluating genetic potentials in Helminthosporium turcicum. Phytopathology, 1965, 55(8): 418-420.

[6]Rodriguez A E, Ullstrup A J. Pathogenicity of monoascosporic progenies of Trichometasphaeria turcica. Phytopathology, 1962, 52(7): 599-601.

[7]Maghaddam P F, Pataky J K. Reactions of isolates from matings of races 1 and 23N of Exserohilum turcicum. Plant Disease, 1994, 78(8): 767-771.

[8]侯晓强, 范永山, 董金皋, 马继芳. 玉米大斑病菌有性杂交F1代菌株的生理小种鉴定和AFLP分析. 植物保护学报, 2006, 33(3): 257-262.

Hou X Q, Fan Y S, Dong J G, Ma J F. Identification of physiological races and AFLP analysis in F1 generation of sexual hybridization between isolates of Setosphaeria turcica. Acta Phytophylacica Sinica, 2006, 33(3): 257-262. (in Chinese)

[9]王绍新, 董金皋. 玉米大斑病菌特异性毒素组分分离条件的优化研究. 微生物学通报, 2006, 33(2): 6-9.

Wang S X, Dong J G. Study on optimum conditions of isolation and purification of specific toxin fractions produced by Exserohilum turcicum. Microbiology, 2006, 33(2): 6-9. (in Chinese)

[10]Debuchy R, Turgeon B G. Mating-type structure, evolution and function in Euascomycetes. The Mycota: Growth, Differentiation and Sexuality, 2006, 1: 293-323.

[11]Brewer M T, Cadle-Davidson L, Cortesi P, Spanu P D, Milgroom M G. Identification and structure of the mating-type locus and development of PCR-based markers for mating type in powdery mildew fungi. Fungal Genetics and Biology, 2011, 48(7): 704-713.

[12]Luttrell E S. The perfect stage of Helminthosporium turcicum. Phytopathology, 1958, 48(5): 281-287.

[13]Nelson R R. A major gene locus for compatibility in Trichometasphaeria turcica. Phytopathology, 1959, 49: 159-160.

[14]Nelson R R. Heterothallism in Helminthosporium maydis. Phytopathology, 1957, 47(4): 191-192.

[15]Nelson R R. A major gene locus for compatibility in Cochliobolus heterostrophus. Phytopathology, 1957, 47(12): 18-23.

[16]Nelson R R. Genetics of Cochliobolus heterostrophusⅠ. variability in degree of compatibility. Mycologia, 1959, 51(1): 18-23.

[17]Nelson R R. The genetics of compatibility in Cochliobolus carbonum. Phytopathology, 1960, 50(2): 158-160.

[18]王利智, 康志钰, 吴景芝, 吴毅歆, 毛自朝, 何月秋. 云南省玉米大斑病菌生理小种的鉴定及交配型分析. 华中农业大学学报, 2011, 30(2): 187-192.

Wang L Z, Kang Z Y, Wu J Z, Wu Y X, Mao Z C, He Y Q. Identification of physiological races and analysis of mating type of Setosphaeria turcica in Yunnan Province. Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University, 2011, 30(2): 187-192. (in Chinese)

[19]Lee S H, Lee J, Lee S, Park E H, Kim K W, Kim M D, Yun S H, Lee Y W. GzSNF1 is required for normal sexual and asexual development in the ascomycete Gibberella zeae. Eukaryotic Cell, 2009, 8(1): 116-127.

[20]Han Y K, Kim M D, Lee S H, Yun S H, Lee Y W. A novel F-box protein involved in sexual development and pathogenesis in Gibberella zeae. Molecular Microbiology, 2006, 63(3): 768-779.

[21]Hallen H E, Trail F. The L-type calcium ion channel Cch1 affects ascospore discharge and mycelial growth in the ?lamentous fungus Gibberella zeae (anamorph Fusarium graminearum). Eukaryotic Cell, 2008, 7(2): 415-424.

[22]曾士迈. 植物病原菌寄生适合度测定方法的研究 (以小麦条锈菌为例). 植物病理学报, 1996, 26(2): 97-104.

Zeng S M. Study on the method of estimation of relative parasitic fitness of plant pathogenic fungi, examplified with Puccinia striformis West. Acta Phytopathologica Sinica, 1996, 26(2): 97-104. (in Chinese)

[23]Bahat R G, Schmitthenner A F. Genetic crosses between physiological races of Phytophthora sojae. Experimental Mycology, 1993, 17(2): 122-129.

[24]游春平, 王源超, 郑小波. 恶疫霉有性杂交后代的生物学研究. 植物病理学报, 2001, 31(1): 78-83.

You C P, Wang Y C, Zheng X B. Biology of sexual recombinants of Phytophthora cactorum. Acta Phytopathologica Sinica, 2001, 31(1): 78-83. (in Chinese)