中国农业科学 ›› 2007, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 505-511 .

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

云南省马铃薯致病疫霉毒性基因组成及毒力结构研究

赵志坚,李灿辉,曹继芬,孙道旺,杨明英,王 军   

  1. 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所
  • 收稿日期:2005-12-09 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2007-03-10 发布日期:2007-03-10

Population genetics of Phytophthora infestans:Ⅰ—Virulence Genes and Virulence Structure of P.infestans on Potato in Yunnan During 2000 to 2003

  

  1. 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所
  • Received:2005-12-09 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2007-03-10 Published:2007-03-10

摘要: 【目的】对致病疫霉群体的毒性变异及其分布进行研究,促进抗病育种和病害的有效控制。【方法】用一套完整的鉴别寄主对2000~2003年云南省29个马铃薯产区的致病疫霉的毒性基因组成及毒力结构进行了系统的测定。【结果】云南省马铃薯致病疫霉含有目前已知的全部毒性基因,能克服所有已知的主效抗性基因。各个毒性基因出现的频率不同,在2.9%~97.8%之间。所有供试的136个马铃薯致病疫霉菌株均是含有多个毒性基因的广谱毒力类型,可分为28种不同的毒力结构,每种类型含有4~11个毒性基因,平均含有7.3个毒性基因。毒力类型1.3.4.7.9.10.11、1.2.3.4.6.7.9.10.11、1.3.4.6.7.9.10.11以及3.4.6.9.10.11是云南省马铃薯致病疫霉的主要组成类型。滇东北、滇西北大春一季作种植区和滇中多季作种植区显示了较高的毒力多样性。含有全部11个毒性基因的超级毒力类型1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11在云南首次被检测到。【结论】云南的马铃薯致病疫霉表现出较高的毒力结构多样性和高度复合性。已知的主效抗性基因大部分在云南丧失了抗性,新的抗源或育种策略需要被发展。

关键词: 马铃薯, 致病疫霉, 毒性基因, 毒力结构

Abstract: The knowledge of virulence and variation of pathogen caused of plant disease is very important to breed resistant varieties and distribute resistance genes. Virulence genes and virulence structure of isolates of Phytophthora infestans collected from twenty nine potato production regions under different ecological types in Yunnan during 2000 to 2003 were determined systematically by a whole set of potato differentials. The results showed that all eleven known virulence genes with different frequency from 2.9~97.8% that could overcome all resistance genes were detected in these isolates. Among the virulence genes, the occurrence frequency of vir1、vir3、vir4、vir7、vir9、vir10 and vir11 were all above 86% and that of vir5 and vir8 were below 5%. All of 136 isolates showed complex virulence structure, among which 28 different virulence types were detected, and 4-11 virulence genes with an average of 7.3 were existent in each virulence type. The virulence types of 1.3.4.7.9.10.11, 1.2.3.4.6.7.9.10.11, 1.3.4.6.7.9.10.11 and 3.4.6.9.10.11 were prevalent ones during 2000 to 2003. High diversity of virulence of P.infestans were revealed in North-east and north-west planting zones and Middle multiple cropping zones. The supervirulence structure 1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11 was detected firstly in Yunnan. All known resistance genes were susceptible in Yunnan and new resistance resources or breeding strategy need be deployed.

Key words: potato, Phytophthora infestans, virulence gene, virulence