关键词: 小型害虫, 杀虫剂, 最低有效剂量, 防治对象, 高效低风险, 果蔬

Abstract: 【Objective】The aim is to provide scientific data for the registration, administration and reduction of insecticides on small insects based on the analysis of insecticides registered on small insects of fruits and vegetables in China.【Method】The information of insecticides registered on China Pesticide Registration Information Website for controlling ten kinds of major small insects, tobacco whitefly, greenhouse whitefly, thrip, spider mite, aphid, coccid, leaf miner, striped flea beetle, psyllid, and rust mite, in the fields of fruits and vegetables in China were inquired on June 30, 2020. In this paper, the quantity of single insecticides and mixtures registered on small insects of fruits and vegetables were analyzed, and the quantity of single herbicides and formulations were also analyzed. Moreover, the active ingredients with high dosages were selected and analyzed in terms of formulation and control target. Finally, six active ingredients, five crops and five control targets with the largest dosage were selected as possible combinations for further analysis.【Result】Entries of insecticides registered for controlling aphid and spider mite were significantly more than the other small insects; the five highest dosage, mean dosage and dosage range of single insecticides were as followed: spider mite, coccid, aphid, greenhouse whitefly, and rust mite; 15 active ingredients with high dosages were selected and the potential problems, large recommended dosage differences and abnormal high value points, were found in lime sulfur, dinotefuran, azocyclotin, imidacloprid, dichlorvos, and sodium pimaric acid; a higher active ingredient dosage of single insecticides was observed in the formulation of crystallization (powder), aqueous solution, water soluble powder, emulsion, smoke generator, and granule and for the crops of apple trees, citrus trees, cucumber (protected field), cucumber and cruciferous vegetables. There were obvious problems, large recommended dosage differences and abnormal high value points in the combinations of azocyclotin-citrus trees-spider mite and lime sulfur- apple trees-spider mite, which were attributed to the differences of formulations and companies.【Conclusion】In order to reduce the dosage of insecticides and slow down the development of small insect resistance to insecticides, it is suggested that insecticide varieties with abnormal high dosages of active ingredients should be reduced for registration and the high efficiency and low risk insecticide varieties with lower dosages of active ingredients will be recommended based on the study of the minimum effective dose of insecticides.

Key words: small insect, insecticide, minimum effective dose, control target, high efficiency and low risk, fruits and vegetables