果蔬中氯吡脲残留的膳食摄入风险评估

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.10.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】明确中国居民氯吡脲的膳食摄入风险和现有的氯吡脲最大残留限量（MRL）标准对消费者健康的保护水平。【方法】基于规范残留试验和市场残留监测的农药残留国家估计每日摄入量和国家估计短期摄入量评估方法；基于现有MRL标准的理论最大每日摄入量和理论最大短期摄入量评估方法。【结果】采用规范残留试验数据的评估结果表明，中国各类人群氯吡脲的国家估计每日摄入量在0.117—0.318 μg•kg-1 bw•d-1，只占每日允许摄入量（ADI）的0.17%—0.45%；国家估计短期摄入量在0.06—1.33 μg•kg-1 bw•d-1，只占急性参考剂量（ARfD）的0.01%—0.13%。采用市场监测数据的评估结果表明，各类人群国家估计每日摄入量在0.022—0.061 μg•kg-1 bw•d-1，仅占ADI的0.03%—0.09%；国家估计短期摄入量在0.20—0.83μg•kg-1 bw•d-1，只占ARfD的0.02%—0.08%。各类人群的氯吡脲理论最大每日摄入量为0.51—1.38μg•kg-1 bw•d-1，理论最大短期摄入量为0.64—23.25 μg•kg-1 bw•d-1。现有的氯吡脲MRL标准对消费者慢性膳食风险的保护水平为51—138倍，急性膳食风险的保护水平为43—1 564倍。【结论】中国各类人群氯吡脲残留的膳食摄入风险非常低，现有的氯吡脲MRL标准对消费者具有较高的保护水平。

关键词: 氯吡脲, 膳食摄入, 风险评估, 消费者保护水平, 果蔬

Abstract: 【Objective】The aim of this study was to ascertain the dietary intake risk of forchlorfenuron for Chinese residents and the consumer protection level of existing maximum residue limits (MRLs) in fruits and vegetables. 【Method】 The methods were used are assessment of national estimated daily intakes (NEDIs) and national estimated short-term intakes (NESTIs) by supervised residue trials and residue monitoring for market commodities, and the assessment of theoretical maximum daily intakes (TMDIs) and theoretical maximum short-term intakes (TMSTIs) by existing MRLs. 【Result】 Supervised residue trials based assessment showed that NEDIs of forchlorfenuron were 0.117-0.318 μg•kg-1 bw•d-1 for all groups of Chinese residents, the percent ratio to acceptable daily intake (ADI) was only 0.17%-0.45%; NESTIs were 0.06-1.33 μg•kg-1 bw•d-1, the percent ratio to acute reference dose (ARfD) was merely 0.01%-0.13%. Market monitoring based assessment showed that NEDIs of forchlorfenuron were 0.022-0.061 μg•kg-1 bw•d-1 for all groups of Chinese residents, the percent ratio to ADI was only 0.03%-0.09%; NESTIs were 0.20-0.83 μg•kg-1 bw•d-1, the percent ratio to ARfD was merely 0.02%-0.08%. Theoretical maximum daily intakes (TMDIs) of forchlorfenuron were 0.51-1.38 μg•kg-1 bw•d-1, theoretical maximum short-term intakes (TMSTIs) were 0.64-23.25 μg•kg-1 bw•d-1 for all groups of Chinese residents. The consumer protection level (CPL) of exiting forchlorfenuron MRLs were 51-138 times for chronic dietary risk and 43-1 564 times for acute dietary risk. 【Conclusion】The dietary intake risk of forchlorfenuron residue in fruits and vegetables was very low for all groups of Chinese residents, and CPL of exiting forchlorfenuron MRLs was higher.

Key words: forchlorfenuron, dietary intake, risk assessment, consumer protection level, fruits and vegetables

张志恒, 汤涛, 徐浩, 李振, 杨桂玲, 王强. 果蔬中氯吡脲残留的膳食摄入风险评估[J]. 中国农业科学, 2012, 45(10): 1982-1991.

ZHANG Zhi-Heng, TANG Tao, XU Hao, LI Zhen, YANG Gui-Ling, WANG Qiang. Dietary Intake Risk Assessment of Forchlorfenuron Residue in Fruits and Vegetables[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2012, 45(10): 1982-1991.

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