规模化奶牛场数字化网络管理平台开发与应用

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.07.17

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】利用网络数据库技术，建立规模化奶牛场生产过程数据网络整合与智能分析共享平台，以满足规模化奶牛场数字化管理水平，提高繁育效率及遗传进展。【方法】基于奶牛从发情、配种、孕检、妊娠、产犊、泌乳、干奶到下一个繁殖周期的生产管理流程，将奶牛划分为犊牛、青年牛、育肥牛、泌乳牛、干奶牛5种类型，在设计采集生产母牛及公牛基本信息及数据标准规范后，采用Microsoft.Net框架、SQL Server 2008网络数据库及FusionCharts网络绘图等技术，研究构建规模化奶牛场繁殖、泌乳及健康等数据管理及智能分析平台。【结果】平台一级子系统包括系统维护、牛只管理、繁殖管理、产乳管理、饲养管理、健康管理、统计分析及场内管理。在8大子系统上总共实现的功能模块多达96项。其中，系统维护6项，牛只管理10项，繁殖管理13项，含DHI数据的产乳管理14项，饲料管理4项，健康管理10项，统计分析18项以及场内管理21项。平台主要实现了对奶牛繁殖与泌乳生产核心数据的网络远程数字化管理，主要包括公、母牛个体繁殖状态的全程记录、不同胎次的泌乳数据的记录、牛只资料卡等在线动态分析、各类基础数据的排序与输出等。在数据挖掘分析上，可在线计算平均胎间距、泌乳牛胎次结构、高低产母牛数量、系谱跟踪及近交系数等。在生产提示功能设计上，可处理的项目包括发情配种、初检复检、产犊泌乳、干奶、催乳、淘汰及犊牛断奶等各类将发生的生产事件，而且可对大部分统计分析数据进行可视化图形渲染处理，如胎次产量分布图、年度产奶比较图、二叉树谱系图及泌乳曲线图等。【结论】对生产过程基本数据的分析与数据挖掘，提升了基础数据的利用价值，更有利于奶牛场管理者的科学决策。

关键词: 规模化牛场, 繁殖, 泌乳, 数字化管理, 系谱跟踪

Abstract: 【Objective】 The purpose of this study is to realize digital management of large scale dairy farms and to increase efficiency of breeding and genetic progress of dairy cows. 【Method】Based on the dairy cows’ production process from estrus, hybridization, pregnancy examination, gestation, calving, lactation, dry and to the next production cycle, also based on dairy cows’ growth stage from calves, heifers, fattening cattle to lactating cows, standards and specifications of essential information of dairy cows were set and dairy cows data management and analysis platform was constructed by using Microsoft. Net framework, SQL Server 2008 database technology and network mapping technology Fusion Charts.【Result】Data management and intelligent analysis platform for breeding, lactation and herd health were realized. The platform includes eight subsystems: system maintenance, cattle management, breeding management, milking management, feeding management, health management, statistical analysis and inner management, total 96 functions are achieved in these subsystems and they are 6, 10, 13, 14, 4, 10, 18 and 21, respectively. The platform realized the remote network database management of essential breeding and lactating process information or data, mainly including the record of whole breeding process of bull and cows, DHI data of different parities, online dynamic analysis of cattle card, directional sorting and output of data, also the average calving interval, parity structure, production performance, genealogy tracking or inbreeding coefficient could be calculated. The intelligent alert of various production events such as estrus, hybridization, pregnancy test, calving lactation, dry milk, lactagogue, elimination and calves weaning, etc. are included, as well as statistical and graphic analysis of various reproductive and lactating parameters like parities and yield distribution maps, comparison chart of annual milk yield, family tree diagram and lactation curves.【Conclusion】All these data mining and analysis expand the available value of production data and supply more convenience for the farm managers to make scientific decisions.

Key words: large-scale farm, breeding, lactation, digital management, genealogy tracking

杨亮，吕健强，罗清尧，熊本海. 规模化奶牛场数字化网络管理平台开发与应用[J]. 中国农业科学, 2015, 48(7): 1428-1436.

YANG Liang, Lü Jian-qiang, LUO Qing-yao, XIONG Ben-hai. Study on Digital Network Platform of Large-Scale Dairy Farms[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(7): 1428-1436.

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