冰糖橙与枸橼C-05对溃疡病菌生长特性的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.07.13

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】采用新的接种方式，比较冰糖橙与枸橼C-05叶片对溃疡病菌生长特性的的影响，探讨冰糖橙与枸橼C-05对溃疡病菌敏感度的差异性。【方法】将完全展开、颜色淡绿的冰糖橙与枸橼C-05叶片进行75%酒精和1% NaClO消毒并切割后，分别与溃疡病菌在离体条件下共培养，观察叶片在MT培养基（对照）、MT中间嵌入NYGA培养基（MA）中对溃疡病菌生长的影响；分别提取冰糖橙和枸橼C-05叶片的粗提液，并以25%、50%和75%的比例添加至MT培养基中，观察冰糖橙和枸橼C-05叶片提取液分别对溃疡病菌生长的影响；同时以不同比例的叶片粗提液添加至NYGB培养基中，观察冰糖橙与枸橼C-05叶片提取液分别对溃疡病菌胞外多糖含量的影响。【结果】Xac在培养冰糖橙叶片的MT培养基中生长迅速，接种1周后即出现Xac的增殖现象，菌斑直径均值比对照大0.5 mm；接种2周后菌斑直径均值为5.27 mm，几乎是对照的3倍；而2—3周为Xac的急速生长期，菌斑直径由5.27 mm快速增长至13.41 mm，是对照菌斑直径的5倍多；3周后菌斑生长缓慢趋于平稳；各个时间点的菌斑直径与对照相比均达到极显著差异水平。在培养冰糖橙叶片的MA培养基中，Xac生长1 d后菌斑直径均值为4.58 mm，小于对照的6.19 mm；接种3 d后Xac继续生长，菌斑直径几乎与对照组相同，差异不显著；但是在接种5 d后，菌斑直径快速增长至21.31 mm，大于对照组的16.33 mm，3个菌斑长势连在一起，两者差异达到极显著水平。冰糖橙的叶片提取液对溃疡病菌的生长及胞外多糖含量均有促进作用，随着其添加浓度的增加，促进效果越明显，与对照相比均可达到极显著水平。Xac在培养枸橼C-05叶片的MT培养基中生长较为缓慢，在接种1周后菌斑直径与对照相比差异不显著；2周后菌斑直径约为对照的一半；3周时，菌斑直径均值为2.06 mm，小于对照的2.62 mm；2周和3周时的菌斑直径与对照相比均达到显著水平。在培养枸橼C-05叶片的MA培养基中，Xac生长较为缓慢，菌斑直径均小于对照组，在1、3和5 d时与对照相比均达到极显著水平。枸橼C-05的叶片提取液对溃疡病菌生长和胞外多糖含量的影响不大，与对照相比均差异不显著。【结论】冰糖橙叶片中存在可促进溃疡病菌的生长、增加胞外多糖含量的物质，这种物质可能突破了其自身免疫系统，导致其对Xac高度敏感而极易感病。枸橼C-05叶片与溃疡病菌共培养时，分泌抑制溃疡病菌生长的物质，使得枸橼C-05对Xac具有较低敏感度而表现抗性。

关键词: 冰糖橙, 枸橼C-05, 溃疡病菌, 叶片提取液, 胞外多糖

Abstract: 【Objective】A new inoculation method was used to discuss the difference of the influence of ‘Bingtang’ sweet orange and C-05 on the growth characteristics of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (Xac)by comparing different influences of leaves on Xac.【Method】The fully expanded leaves with light green of ‘Bingtang’ sweet orange and citron C-05 were sterilized by 75% ethyl alcohol and 1% NaClO, cut and cultured with Xac in the same petri dish to determine the influence of ‘Bingtang’ sweet orange or citron C-05 on the growth of Xac in MT medium or the NYGA medium replaced the middle place of the MT medium (MA). And the leaves’ solution of ‘Bingtang’ sweet orange or citron C-05 were extracted and added with 25%, 50%, and 75% to MT medium to determine the influence on the growth of Xac; also these were added with different ratios to NYGB medium to determine the content of extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) of Xac,respectively. 【Result】The leaves of ‘Bingtang’ sweet orange promoted the growth of Xac on MT medium. The proliferation of the strain could be viewed after 1 week, the average diameter of Xac was 0.5 mm larger than CK. After 2 weeks, the average diameter of Xac was 5.27 mm, which was the 3 times of that of CK. From 2 to 3 weeks was the rapid growth stage of Xac, the average diameter of Xac was from 5.27 mm to 13.41 mm, which was more than 5 times of that of CK. After 3 weeks, the Xac cultured with the leaves of ‘Bingtang’ sweet orange in MT medium grew smoothly and steadily. Compared with that of CK, the diameter of Xac cultured with the ‘Bingtang’ sweet orange was very significantly different. The Xac cultured with the leaves of ‘Bingtang’ sweet orange in MA medium was 4.58 mm after 1 day, and that of CK was 6.19 mm. After 3 days of inoculation, the average diameter of Xac cultured with ‘Bingtang’ sweet orange was the same as CK, and there were no significant differences with each other. After 5 days, the Xac cultured with the leaves of ‘Bingtang’ sweet orange grew rapidly and the average diameter was 21.31 mm, which was very significantly different with CK. Also, the leaves’ extracted solution of ‘Bingtang’ sweet orange was able to increase the growth speed and the content of EPSof Xac. Compared with CK, they all reached very significant level. The leaves of citron C-05 could control the growth of Xac in MT medium. After 1 week, there were no significant differences with CK. After 2 weeks, the average diameter of Xac cultured with the leaves of citron C-05 was the half of that in MT medium. After 3 weeks, the average diameter of Xac in MT medium containing the leaves of citron C-05 was 2.06 mm, which was smaller than CK (2.62 mm), and the diameter of Xac cultured for 2 and 3 weeks all reached very significant differences when they compared with CK, respectively. The Xac cultured in MA medium containing the leaves of citron C-05 were growing slowly and the average diameter of Xac was all lower than CK in different point times and they all reached very significant level comparing with CK, respectively. There were no significant differences in the influence of the leaves’ extracted solution of citron C-05 on the growth and the content of EPS of Xac compared with CK, respectively. 【Conclusion】Some substance in the leaves of ‘Bingtang’ sweet orange could promote the growth and the content of EPS of Xac. The substance in the leaves of citron C-05, which was able to control the growth of Xac, might be induced by defensive reaction, when the leaves of citron C-05 and Xac were contracted with signals. ‘Bingtang’ sweet orange might be break this kind of reaction by some substance promoted the growth of Xac.

Key words: ‘Bingtang&rsquo, sweet orange, citron C-05, Xac, the leaves&rsquo, extracted solution, exopolysaccharides (EPS)

葛红娟，龙桂友，戴素明，李大志，李娜，邓子牛. 冰糖橙与枸橼C-05对溃疡病菌生长特性的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2015, 48(7): 1383-1391.

GE Hong-juan, LONG Gui-you, DAI Su-ming, LI Da-zhi, LI Na, DENG Zi-niu. The Influence of ‘Bingtang’ Sweet Orange or Citron C-05 on the Growth Characteristics of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(7): 1383-1391.

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