中国农业科学 ›› 2009, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (11): 3933-3939 .doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2009.11.021

• 土壤肥料·节水灌溉·农业生态环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国典型农田土壤磷素演化对长期单施氮肥的响应

曲均峰,李菊梅,徐明岗,戴建军,高静

  

  1. (中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/农业部作物营养与施肥重点开放实验室)
  • 收稿日期:2008-10-06 修回日期:2009-02-24 出版日期:2009-11-10 发布日期:2009-11-10
  • 通讯作者: 徐明岗

Response of Typical Soil Phosphorus Evolution to Long-term Single Nitrogen Fertilization

QU Jun-feng, LI Ju-mei, XU Ming-gang, DAI Jian-jun, GAO Jing
  

  1. (中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/农业部作物营养与施肥重点开放实验室)
  • Received:2008-10-06 Revised:2009-02-24 Online:2009-11-10 Published:2009-11-10
  • Contact: XU Ming-gang

摘要:

【目的】探讨中国典型土壤长期单施氮肥对土壤全磷和Olsen-P磷的影响。【方法】以土壤肥力与肥料长期定位试验为基础,应用常规化学分析法和数学统计方法,分析不同气候、不同耕作制度下15年单施氮肥(每季作物的施氮量为150 kg?hm-2)处理对6种典型土壤全磷和Olsen-P含量变化的影响。【结果】在长期单施氮肥条件下,耕作土壤全磷含量和土壤Olsen-P均呈下降趋势,全磷含量下降幅度为2.7%~25.0%。单施氮肥全磷含量下降幅度大于不施肥。Olsen-P含量下降有一定阈值,阈值大约为4 mg?kg-1。土壤Olsen-P含量下降率比全磷高几倍。耕层Olsen-P含量(y)与土壤磷素表观平衡(x)相关方程为y=0.0005x+3.9986,相关方程斜率很小,表明Olsen-P含量基本不受磷素表观平衡影响。【结论】长期单施氮肥加速了土壤全磷和Olsen-P的减少速度,其中全磷含量较低的土壤其下降幅度更大。

关键词: 长期定位试验, 单施氮肥, 土壤全磷, Olsen-P

Abstract:

【Objective】 The influence of long term single nitrogen fertilization on the total P and Olsen-P of several typical soils in China was studied. 【Method】 The phosphorus changes of 6 typical soils under different cropping systems and climates were studied based on a 15-year long-term fertilization experiment in China. 【Result】 Results showed that total P and Olsen-P of all tested soils decreased, and the range of total P decrease was from 2.7% to 25.0%. The content of the total P with single nitrogen fertilization decreased more than that of non-fertilizer. The Olsen-P decreased to a value of about 4 mg?kg-1, and its decreased ratio was a few times higher than that of the total P. 【Conclusion】 Therefore, single nitrogen fertilization accelerated the decrease of the total P and Olsen-P, and the soils with low total P decreased much more.

Key words: long-term fertilization, single N fertilization, soil total phosphorus, Olsen-P