中国农业科学 ›› 2008, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (1): 129-137 .doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2008.01.017

• 土壤肥料·节水灌溉·农业生态环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

北京市平谷区土壤有效微量元素含量的空间变异特性初步研究

王淑英,于同泉,王建立,杨 柳,杨 凯,路 苹   

  1. 北京农学院农业应用新技术北京市重点实验室
  • 收稿日期:2007-06-01 修回日期:2007-06-22 出版日期:2008-01-10 发布日期:2008-01-10
  • 通讯作者: 王淑英

Spatial variability and distribution of soil available micro-elements of Mountain-and-Plain combing zone in Beijing

  1. 北京农学院农业应用新技术北京市重点实验室
  • Received:2007-06-01 Revised:2007-06-22 Online:2008-01-10 Published:2008-01-10

摘要: 【目的】探明土壤微量元素的空间分布,为合理科学配方施肥提供重要依据。【方法】在北京市平谷区布设置1 076个采样点,测定其耕层(0~20 cm)与亚耕层(20~40 cm)土壤有效铜、有效锌、有效铁和有效锰含量。应用地统计学法进行分析。【结果】平谷区耕层土壤有效铜、有效锌、有效铁和有效锰含量分别为1.96、2.51、17.32和10.91 mg•kg-1,含量均在中等及中等偏上水平,耕层含量高于亚耕层,表现出一定的表聚性;通过半方差函数分析,耕层中有效铁和有效锰的空间自相关范围较大,变程分别为21.6和45.3 km,耕层有效铜和有效锌变程较小,分别为3.1和2.9 km,亚耕层中4种有效微量元素的变程与耕层不同,其大小顺序为:有效锰>有效铜>有效锌=有效铁。采用Kriging最优内插法得到了平谷区4种土壤微量元素空间分布图,耕层有效铁和有效锰含量分布主要取决于地形、土壤类型、土壤性质等结构性因素,而耕层有效铜和有效锌含量分布则主要与土地利用类型有关,其中果园和菜地的含量明显高于大田。亚耕层4种微量元素空间分布格局与耕层相似,表现出一定的空间垂直分布特征。【结论】肥料和农药的投入是平谷区土壤有效铜和有效锌含量高的主要原因,有效锌含量偏高,对土壤环境质量具有潜在危害,应引起足够重视。

关键词: 土壤有效微量元素, 半方差函数, 空间变异, 北京, 平谷区

Abstract: 【Objective】The objective of this study was to explore the spatial distribution of soil available micro-elements, and to provide a firm foundation for scientific formulated fertilizer. 【Method】One thousand and seventy six soil samples were collected from an area of 1075 km2 in Pinggu county of Beijing and analyzed for concentrations of DTPA-Cu,DTPA-Zn,DTPA-Fe and DTPA-Mn in topsoil(0-20cm)and subsoil(20-40cm)respectively. The general statistics and geostatistics methods were used to analyze the data. 【Result】The mean value of topsoil soil DTPA-Cu,DTPA-Zn,DTPA-Fe and DTPA-Mn were 1.96 mg•kg-1、2.51 mg•kg-1、17.32 mg•kg-1 and 10.91 mg•kg-1 respectively, which were at higher level. The topsoil content of soil available micro-elements was more than that of subsoil. The result of semivariance analysis showed the topsoil spatial heterogeneity ranges of DTPA-Fe and DTPA-Mn were 21.60 km and 45.27 km respectively, DTPA-Cu and DTPA-Zn were 3.06 km and 2.89 km respectively. The subsoil range of available micro-elements was obviously different from topsoil, which was DTPA-Mn>DTPA-Cu>DTPA-Zn>DTPA-Fe. The Kriging method was applied to calculate the unobserved points and was used to generate the contour map. The results illustrated that the spatial distribution of topsoil DTPA-Fe and DTPA-Mn were mainly induced by topology, soil types, soil properties etc, while topsoil DTPA-Cu and DTPA-Zn were affected by land use types. And the concentrations of DTPA-Cu and DTPA-Zn were significant higher in orchard and vegetable land than in field. The spatial distribution of subsoil micro-elements was similar with the topsoil micro-elements, which exhibited vertical distribution patterns.【Conclusion】Fertilizer and pesticide application resulted in soil DTPA-Cu and DTPA-Zn higher content of Pinggu county . The higher content of soil DTPA-Zn should be inspected.

Key words: mountain-and-plain combing zone, available micro-element, spatial variability