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1. 小火蚁入侵我国的早期阶段监测:预测气候变化下的地理分布格局
ZHAO Hao-xiang, XIAN Xiao-qing, GUO Jian-yang, YANG Nian-wan, ZHANG Yan-ping, CHEN Bao-xiong, HUANG Hong-kun, LIU Wan-xue
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (9): 2783-2795.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.12.004
摘要194)      PDF    收藏

外来入侵蚂蚁是世界范围内最具侵略性、竞争性和广泛的外来入侵物种之一。小火蚁Wasmannia auropunctata是太平洋地区最具威胁性的外来入侵蚂蚁,被列入 "世界100种恶性外来入侵物种",已经在全世界许多国家和岛屿上建立了种群。最近在我国东南地区发现了小火蚁的野生种群,对我国的农业、经济、环境、和公共健康构成了巨大的潜在威胁。识别小火蚁在我国的潜在地理分布可以明确可能面临入侵风险的地区。因此,我们根据小火蚁的全球分布记录和生物气候变量,利用集合模型预测了气候变化下其在我国的地理分布格局。我们的研究结果表明,在八个物种分布模型中,ANNFDAGBMRFCTAGLMSREMaxEnt更准确。ANNFDAGBMRF的平均TSS值分别为0.8200.8100.8430.857,平均AUC值分别为0.9460.9540.9680.979。集合模型的平均TSSAUC值分别为0.8820.972,表明集合模型的预测结果比用单一模型的预测结果更可靠。在现代和未来气候条件下,小火蚁在我国的潜在地理分布主要位于南部地区。在气候变化情景下,小火蚁的地理分布有着向高纬度地区转移的趋势。小火蚁在我国的地理分布格局主要受温度变量影响,温度年较差(bio7)和最热季度平均温度(bio10)是影响小火蚁地理分布的重要环境变量。小火蚁在我国南部地区有着广泛的潜在入侵风险区域,因制定小火蚁在我国南方地区的的早期预警、监测、预防和控制策略。

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2. 气候变化情景下中国新发马铃薯害虫窄缘施夜蛾的潜在地理分布识别
XIAN Xiao-qing, ZHAO Hao-xiang, GUO Jian-yang, ZHANG Gui-fen, LIU Hui, LIU Wan-xue, WAN Fang-hao
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (8): 2441-2455.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.08.023
摘要340)      PDF    收藏

作物害虫的传播扩散和气候变化下作物和害虫之间复杂的相互作用威胁着全球粮食安全。窄缘施夜蛾是中国南方新发的马铃薯害虫,在中国马铃薯产区造成马铃薯减产和质量下降,对窄缘施夜蛾的早期预警监测可以对中国的农业生产起到保护作用。本研究利用最优的MaxEnt模型识别气候变化情景下窄缘施夜蛾在中国的潜在地理分布区,为预防窄缘施夜蛾造成进一步危害提供基础。研究结果表明,最优的MaxEnt模型准确性高于默认设置的MaxEnt模型。最冷月最低温度,最干月降水量,最冷季度降水量和人类影响指数对窄缘施夜蛾的潜在地理分布有着显著的影响。窄缘施夜蛾的高度和中度适宜生境主要位于国东部和南部地区。气候变化情景下,窄缘施夜蛾在中国的潜在地理分布区将会缩小,主要表现为高度适宜生境转化为中度适宜生境。从现代气候条件下到2030年,窄缘施夜蛾的潜在地理分布中心呈向东北方向和高纬度地区迁移的趋势。马铃薯种植区的田间覆膜为窄缘施夜蛾的生存提供了有利的微气候,我们应更加重视窄缘施夜蛾的早期预警工作,防止其在国冬种马铃薯区域进一步扩散

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3. 万氏潜蝇姬小蜂孤雌品系比其两性品系更具生防应用前景
DU Su-jie, YE Fu-yu, XU Shi-yun, WAN Wei-jie, GUO Jian-yang, YANG Nian-wan, LIU Wan-xue
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (12): 3731-3743.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.06.002
摘要134)      PDF    收藏

万氏潜蝇姬小蜂(膜翅目:姬小蜂科)是潜叶蝇上的优势寄生蜂,该蜂具有两性生殖(交配且受精时产生雌蜂,未受精时产生雄蜂)和孤雌产雌生殖(雌蜂不需要与雄蜂交配而持续产生二倍体雌性后代,且其后代一般全部或主要由雌蜂组成)。作为田间的优势控害力量,研究比较两种品系的生物学特性差异是非常必要的。在本研究中,我们比较评价了两种品系的生命表参数和寄主致死率参数。结果表明,孤雌品系在生命表参数上优于两性品系。孤雌品系表现出更高的繁殖力、净增殖率、周限增长率和内禀增长率。而且,孤雌品系的净寄生致死率、净取食致死、净叮蛰致死率和净总致死率均高于两性品系。因此,孤雌品系的种群增长速度更快,控害潜力更强。综上所述,与两性品系相比,孤雌品系在防控潜叶蝇害虫上更具应用前景。此外,由于孤雌品系无需与雄蜂交配和仅产雌蜂降低了饲养成本故建议在未来的生物防治应用中应优先考虑释放和推广应用孤雌品系

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4. 重点关注世界性斑潜蝇属的中国潜叶蝇(双翅目:潜蝇科)分子系统发育和鉴定研究
LIANG Yong-xuan, DU Su-jie, ZHONG Yu-jun, WANG Qi-jing, ZHOU Qiong, WAN Fang-hao, GUO Jian-yang, LIU Wan-xue
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (10): 3115-3134.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.04.030
摘要273)      PDF    收藏

潜叶蝇(双翅目:潜蝇科)是一类体型小、物种多样的昆虫,主要以幼虫潜食寄主植物组织形成危害。该科的多个物种被认为是全球范围的入侵害虫,造成严重的农业经济损失。在中国,蔬菜和花卉等重要经济作物已受到这类害虫的严重危害,尤其是斑潜蝇。潜叶蝇种间形态相似而难以区分。在中国,潜叶蝇类农业害虫的种类和发生与分布仍不明晰。为探明中国潜叶蝇类害虫的种类及其系统发育关系,本研究基于2016年到2019年间在全国开展的潜叶蝇系统调查和采样,利用形态学特征和DNA条形码技术对它们进行了识别和鉴定。共采集与鉴定有分别属于5个属的27种潜叶蝇,包括16种斑潜蝇。随后基于线粒体基因与核基因分子标记重建了它们的系统发育关系并估计分化时间,获得了高度一致且支持度较高的贝叶斯与最大似然系统发育树。发育树中斑潜蝇属分为了两个主要支系,推断它们在大约2740万年前(95%最大后验密度:2300-3152万年前)的渐新世发生分化。这两个支系之间的分布格局和寄主植物关联存在差异,其中,支系2中的物种分布于凉爽气候的高纬度地区,表明斑潜蝇属可能已经分化出一个适应凉爽气候环境的谱系。

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5. JIA-2021-0058高温没有降低潜叶蝇寄主致死型寄生蜂-芙新姬小蜂(膜翅目: 姬小蜂科)的控害潜力
XUAN Jing-li, XIAO Yue, YE Fu-yu, ZHANG Yi-bo, TAO Shu-xia, GUO Jian-yang, LIU Wan-xue
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2022, 21 (6): 1722-1730.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(21)63727-9
摘要218)      PDF    收藏

在寄主-寄生蜂体系中,温度作为一个重要的非生物因子可能影响到寄生蜂生物防治的效力。在本研究中,我们以幼虫内寄生蜂-芙新姬小蜂为研究对象,在室内研究四种温度下(26, 29, 32, 和 35°C)其寄生蜂对蔬菜潜叶蝇-美洲斑潜蝇的控害潜力,且用芸豆室内饲养美洲斑潜蝇种群。研究结果表明:与最佳温度26°C相比,高温(29, 32 和 35°C)虽然降低了雌蜂的寿命,但是由于雌蜂在高温下增加了日均致死数,导致高温没有显著影响该雌蜂的总寄主致死数。此外,该雌蜂的生活史参数(寿命,寄生数,直接致死数及非繁殖型寄主致死数)均与温度和寄主取食数呈线性关系。该研究结果有助于更好的理解寄生蜂芙新姬小蜂在高温季节/环境下对蔬菜潜叶蝇的防控。

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6. Biology, invasion and management of the agricultural invader: Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Jing WAN, HUANG Cong, LI Chang-you, ZHOU Hong-xu, REN Yong-lin, LI Zai-yuan, XING Long-sheng, ZHANG Bin, QIAO Xi, LIU Bo, LIU Cong-hui, XI Yu, LIU Wan-xue, WANG Wen-kai, QIAN Wan-qiang, Simon MCKIRDY, WAN Fang-hao
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2021, 20 (3): 646-663.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63367-6
摘要181)      PDF    收藏

重大农业入侵害虫草地贪夜蛾原产于美洲,自2016年首次被发现入侵尼日利亚和加纳以来,短短3年时间内迅速入侵至47个非洲国家和18个亚洲国家。由于该虫寄主范围广(至少包含353种寄主植物)、能够适应多种生境、超强的迁飞能力、高繁殖力、暴食性,以及快速发展的农药抗性和病毒抗性等内在优势,是导致其具有入侵性的重要原因,目前已被公认为全球范围内的超级害虫。该害虫的综合治理策略主要依靠监测调查、农业防治、化学防治、病毒制剂、性诱剂、生物防治(寄生性天敌、捕食性天敌和昆虫病原体),以及植物源农药等多种防治策略的综合应用。目前尚需要进一步研究的主要内容包括:(1)明确草地贪夜蛾的入侵机制,(2)如何阻止其进一步扩散,(3)提供更有效的防治策略。本文总结了草地贪夜蛾的生物学特性,潜在的入侵性机制,以及综合治理策略,以期为今后的治理提供参考。


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7. First report of the South American tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick), in China
ZHANG Gui-fen, MA De-ying, WANG Yu-sheng, GAO You-hua, LIU Wan-xue, ZHANG Rong, FU Wen-jun, XIAN Xiao-qing, WANG Jun, KUANG Meng, WAN Fang-hao
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2020, 19 (7): 1912-1917.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63165-3
摘要497)      PDF    收藏
Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) originated in South America and is one of the most serious pests of tomatoes.  It is also known to attack other solanaceous crops, including potato, eggplant, pepper, tobacco, and weedy species such as black nightshade.  After accidental introduction into Spain in 2006, this pest spread rapidly throughout Afro-Eurasia and has become a major threat to tomato production worldwide.  Here, we report the first record of T. absoluta as an invasive pest in China.  It was found in tomato fields in Ili Kazakg Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Ili, Xinjiang), China, and its occurrence was confirmed by both morphological and molecular approaches.  In Ili, T. absoluta has been found to attack eggplant, potato, and black nightshade.  We found the larvae generally mining and feeding on leaves and boring into tomato fruits, with multiple larvae sometimes observed in a single fruit.  Its infestation levels differ among the tomato fields and host species.  In all of the surveyed tomato fields, T. absoluta infested 100% of plants.  In some of the fields, up to 90% of the eggplant and 100% of the potato plants were infested.  Since no natural enemies were found under field conditions, suitable management practices are urgently needed to stop the further spread of this destructive pest in China.
 
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8. Molecular characteristics and temperature tolerance function of the transient receptor potential in the native Bemisia tabaci AsiaII3 cryptic species
JI Shun-xia, SHEN Xiao-na, LIANG Lin, WANG Xiao-di, LIU Wan-xue, WAN Fang-hao, Lü Zhi-chuang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2020, 19 (11): 2746-2757.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63226-9
摘要111)      PDF    收藏
Insects are poikilothermic animals, and temperature is one of the most important abiotic factors affecting their spread and distribution.  For example, differences in thermal tolerance may underlie the significant differences in geographical distributions between the native AsiaII3 and invasive MED (Mediterranean) cryptic Bemisia tabaci species in China.  Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are key components of the insect temperature perception system and act as molecular thermometers since they can be activated by specific changes in temperature.  In this study, we cloned and characterized the AsiaII3 BtTRP gene and revealed its functions in the response to thermal stress.  The full-length cDNA of BtTRP was 3 821 bp, with a 3 501-bp open reading frame encoding a 132.05-kDa protein.  Comparing the deduced amino acid sequences of AsiaII3 BtTRP and MED TRP revealed five amino acid differences.  In situ hybridization indicated that BtTRP might be widely expressed throughout the AsiaII3 adult body.  BtTRP mRNA expression reached the highest levels after exposure to mild thermal stimuli (12 and 35°C), showing that BtTRP expression can be induced by temperature stress.  Furthermore, the thermal tolerance of AsiaII3 after BtTRP dsRNA feeding was significantly lower than that of the control.  Taken together, the present study highlights the importance of TRP channels for B.?tabaci thermal resistance, and allows us to infer that the differences in amino acids between AsiaII3 and MED might cause the differences in thermal tolerance of these two cryptic species.  This study provides a new direction for investigating geographic distribution differences between invasive and native insects.
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9. Changes in Soil Biota Resulting from Growth of the Invasive Weed, Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. (Compositae), Enhance Its Success and Reduce Growth of Co-Occurring Plants
LI Hui-na, XIAO Bo, LIU Wan-xue , WAN Fang-hao
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2014, 13 (9): 1962-1971.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(13)60569-9
摘要1476)      PDF    收藏
Exotic plant invasion presents a serious threat to native ecosystem structure and function. Little is known about the role of soil microbial communities in facilitating or resisting the spread of invasive plants into native communities. The purpose of this research is to understand how the invasive annual plant Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. facilitates its competition capacity through changing the structure and function of soil microbial communities. The soil characteristics of different areas invaded by A. artemisiifolia were examined. Greenhouse experiments were designed to assess the effect of A. artemisiifolia invasion-induced changes of soil biota on co-occurring plant growth, and on the interactions between A. artemisiifolia and three co-occurring plant species. The results showed that the soil organic C content was the highest in heavily invaded sites, the lowest in native plant sites, and intermediate in newly invaded sites. Soil available N, P and K concentrations in heavily invaded site were 2.4, 1.9 and 1.7 times higher than those in native plant soil, respectively. Soil pH decreased as A. artemisiifolia invasion intensity increased, and was lower in invaded sites (heavily invaded and newly invaded) than in native plant sites. The soil microbial community structure was clearly separated in the three types of sites, and A. artemisiifolia invasion increased anaerobe, sulfate-reducing bacteria and actinomycete abundance. Soil biota of invaded sites inhibits growth of co-occurring plants (Galinsoga parviflora Cav., Medicago sativa L. and Setaria plicata (Lam.) T. Cooke.) compared to soil biota from un-invaded sites, but facilitates A. artemisiifolia growth and competition with co-occurring plants. A. artemisiifolia biomass was 50-130% greater when competing with three co-occurring plants, compared to single-species competition only (invasion by A. artemisiifolia alone), in heavily invaded soil. Results of the present study indicated that A. artemisiifolia invasion alters the soil microbial community in a way that favors itself while inhibiting native plant species, with measurable effects on performance of co-occurring plants.
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10. Comparing Immature Development and Life History Traits in Two Coexisting Host-Feeding Parasitoids, Diglyphus isaea and Neochrysocharis formosa (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)
ZHANG Yi-bo, LU Shu-long, LIU Wan-xue, WANG Wen-xia, WANG Wei , WAN Fang-hao
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2014, 13 (12): 2690-2700.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(14)60868-6
摘要1377)      PDF    收藏
Coexisting natural enemies that share a common host resource in the same guild usually exhibit variation in their life history traits, due to their need to share a similar ecological niche. In this study, we compared the immature development times and adult life history traits of two coexisting, host-feeding parasitoids, Diglyphus isaea Walker and Neochrysocharis formosa Westwood (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), of which both attack larvae of the same agromyzid leafminers. These two species are both synovigenic, idiobiont parasitoids, whose adults consume host fluids (“host feeding”) and lay anhydropic eggs. Of the two, D. isaea has a larger body but little or no initial egg load, and engages in similar lifetime host-feeding events. However, it achieves higher fecundity, longer adult longevity, and higher host suppression ability than N. formosa, which has a smaller body and higher initial egg load. Although D. isaea engages in similar lifetime host-feeding events with N. formosa, all of its gains in life history traits per host-feeding event of D. isaea were larger than those of N. formosa. The age-specific fecundity and host mortality curves of N. formosa were more skewed in early life than those of D. isaea. In addition, the ovigeny index of N. formosa was negatively correlated to body size. Our results confirmed that two coexisting parasitoids, which share the same host resource, show different immature development patterns and life history traits, suggesting that different resource allocation mode could be a general rule of coexisting species sharing the same habitat or host.
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