万氏潜蝇姬小蜂孤雌品系比其两性品系更具生防应用前景

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2023.06.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

万氏潜蝇姬小蜂（膜翅目：姬小蜂科）是潜叶蝇上的优势寄生蜂，该蜂具有两性生殖（交配且受精时产生雌蜂，未受精时产生雄蜂）和孤雌产雌生殖（雌蜂不需要与雄蜂交配而持续产生二倍体雌性后代，且其后代一般全部或主要由雌蜂组成）。作为田间的优势控害力量，研究比较两种品系的生物学特性差异是非常必要的。在本研究中，我们比较评价了两种品系的生命表参数和寄主致死率参数。结果表明，孤雌品系在生命表参数上优于两性品系。孤雌品系表现出更高的繁殖力、净增殖率、周限增长率和内禀增长率。而且，孤雌品系的净寄生致死率、净取食致死率、净叮蛰致死率和净总致死率均高于两性品系。因此，孤雌品系的种群增长速度更快，控害潜力更强。综上所述，与两性品系相比，孤雌品系在防控潜叶蝇害虫上更具应用前景。此外，由于孤雌品系无需与雄蜂交配和仅产雌蜂，降低了饲养成本，故建议在未来的生物防治应用中，应优先考虑释放和推广应用孤雌品系。

Abstract:

Diglyphus wani (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) is a dominant parasitoid that attacks agromyzid leafminers. Two reproductive types occur in D. wani: arrhenotoky (in which virgin females produce only male offspring; and virgin females mate with males to produce bisexual offspring) and thelytoky (in which virgin females produce female offspring). As a potential biological control agent, exploring the differences in the relevant biological parameters of both strains is necessary. In this study, comparisons between the two strains of D. wani were performed by evaluating the life table and host-killing rate. The thelytokous strain exhibited significantly better life table parameters than its arrhenotokous counterpart. Higher values for the intrinsic rate of increase, finite rate of increase, net reproductive rate, and fecundity were found in the thelytokous strain. The thelytokous strain also performed better than the arrhenotokous strain in terms of net parasitism, host-feeding, host-stinging, and total host-killing rates. Thus, populations of the thelytokous strain could grow fast and kill more hosts. In conclusion, the thelytokous strain of D. wani may be the more promising biological agent against agromyzid leafminers compared to its arrhenotokous counterpart. Also, since the thelytokous strain of D. wani is only known to produce females, it should be given priority in future biocontrol applications owing to the cost savings of breeding only females.

Key words: parasitoid , life table , arrhenotoky , thelytoky , biocontrol applications

DU Su-jie, YE Fu-yu, XU Shi-yun, WAN Wei-jie, GUO Jian-yang, YANG Nian-wan, LIU Wan-xue. 万氏潜蝇姬小蜂孤雌品系比其两性品系更具生防应用前景[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(12): 3731-3743.

DU Su-jie, YE Fu-yu, XU Shi-yun, WAN Wei-jie, GUO Jian-yang, YANG Nian-wan, LIU Wan-xue. Thelytokous Diglyphus wani: A more promising biological control agent against agromyzid leafminers than its arrhenotokous counterpart[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(12): 3731-3743.

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