重点关注世界性斑潜蝇属的中国潜叶蝇（双翅目：潜蝇科）分子系统发育和鉴定研究

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2023.04.030

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

潜叶蝇（双翅目：潜蝇科）是一类体型小、物种多样的昆虫，主要以幼虫潜食寄主植物组织形成危害。该科的多个物种被认为是全球范围的入侵害虫，造成严重的农业经济损失。在中国，蔬菜和花卉等重要经济作物已受到这类害虫的严重危害，尤其是斑潜蝇。潜叶蝇种间形态相似而难以区分。在中国，潜叶蝇类农业害虫的种类和发生与分布仍不明晰。为探明中国潜叶蝇类害虫的种类及其系统发育关系，本研究基于2016年到2019年间在全国开展的潜叶蝇系统调查和采样，利用形态学特征和DNA条形码技术对它们进行了识别和鉴定。共采集与鉴定有分别属于5个属的27种潜叶蝇，包括16种斑潜蝇。随后基于线粒体基因与核基因分子标记重建了它们的系统发育关系并估计分化时间，获得了高度一致且支持度较高的贝叶斯与最大似然系统发育树。发育树中斑潜蝇属分为了两个主要支系，推断它们在大约2740万年前（95%最大后验密度：2300-3152万年前）的渐新世发生分化。这两个支系之间的分布格局和寄主植物关联存在差异，其中，支系2中的物种分布于凉爽气候的高纬度地区，表明斑潜蝇属可能已经分化出一个适应凉爽气候环境的谱系。

Abstract:

Leaf-mining flies (Diptera: Agromyzidae) are a diverse family of small-bodied insects that feed on living plant tissues as larvae. Various species in this family are considered globally invasive and have caused great agricultural economic losses. In China, economically important vegetable crops have been seriously damaged by these pest insects, especially by species of the genus Liriomyza. However, these species are difficult to differentiate because of their morphological similarities, and the Chinese fauna remains poorly known. To explore the relevant pest species in China and their phylogeny, agromyzid leafminers were collected from 2016 to 2019, and identified based on morphological characteristics and DNA barcodes. In total, 27 species from five genera of Agromyzidae were sampled and identified, including 16 species of Liriomyza. Both mitochondrial and nuclear genes were used to reconstruct their phylogenetic relationships and estimate the divergence time. Highly congruent and well-supported phylogenetic trees were obtained using the Bayesian inference and maximum-likelihood methods. This analysis revealed two main clades in Liriomyza, and clade 2 was inferred to have diverged from clade 1 approximately 27.40 million years ago (95% highest posterior density: 23.03–31.52 million years ago) in the Oligocene. Differences were observed in the distribution patterns and host associations between the Liriomyza clades. Clade 2 species are distributed in cool, high-latitude environments, suggesting that they may have evolved into a cool-adapted lineage.

Key words: agromyzid leafminer , Liriomyza , phylogenetics , identification , divergence time

LIANG Yong-xuan, DU Su-jie, ZHONG Yu-jun, WANG Qi-jing, ZHOU Qiong, WAN Fang-hao, GUO Jian-yang, LIU Wan-xue. 重点关注世界性斑潜蝇属的中国潜叶蝇（双翅目：潜蝇科）分子系统发育和鉴定研究[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(10): 3115-3134.

LIANG Yong-xuan, DU Su-jie, ZHONG Yu-jun, WANG Qi-jing, ZHOU Qiong, WAN Fang-hao, GUO Jian-yang, LIU Wan-xue. Molecular phylogeny and identification of agromyzid leafminers in China, with a focus on the worldwide genus Liriomyza (Diptera: Agromyzidae) [J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(10): 3115-3134.

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