中国农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (2): 345-356.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.02.011

• 园艺 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国樱桃正反交F1代果实主要性状的遗传分析

刘针杉1,2(),涂红霞1,2,周荆婷1,2,马艳1,2,柴久凤1,2,王旨意1,2,杨鹏飞1,2,杨小芹2,Kumail Abbas1,2,王浩1,王燕1,2,王小蓉1,2()   

  1. 1四川农业大学果蔬研究所,成都 611130
    2四川农业大学园艺学院,成都 611130
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-22 接受日期:2022-07-26 出版日期:2023-01-16 发布日期:2023-02-07
  • 通讯作者: 王小蓉,E-mail:wangxr@sicau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:刘针杉,E-mail:l33yona@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31672114);四川省青年科技创新研究团队项目(2019JDTD0010);樱桃资源四川省科技资源共享服务平台项目;四川省科技创新苗子工程项目(2021065);四川农业大学大学生创新训练计划项目(202110626077);四川农业大学学科建设双支计划培育创新团队项目(P202107)

Genetic Analysis of Fruits Characters in Reciprocal Cross Progenies of Chinese Cherry

LIU ZhenShan1,2(),TU HongXia1,2,ZHOU JingTing1,2,MA Yan1,2,CHAI JiuFeng1,2,WANG ZhiYi1,2,YANG PengFei1,2,YANG XiaoQin2,Kumail Abbas1,2,WANG Hao1,WANG Yan1,2,WANG XiaoRong1,2()   

  1. 1Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130
    2College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130
  • Received:2022-03-22 Accepted:2022-07-26 Online:2023-01-16 Published:2023-02-07

摘要:

【目的】通过观测分析中国樱桃地方种质‘南早红’(早熟,橙红)和‘红妃’(紫红,综合性状优良)杂交F1代果实主要性状的遗传表现,探究果实主要性状遗传规律,为优异性状基因挖掘奠定工作基础,也为新品种选育和杂交亲本选择与选配提供参考依据。【方法】田间调查和测试分析‘南早红’(NZH)和‘红妃’(HF)正、反交F1代群体(n=226)果实大小(单果质量、果实纵径、横径、侧径)、风味(可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、可滴定酸)、颜色(果实花色苷含量)、形状(果形指数)、果实生育期、果柄长度等17个性状的遗传变异,分析其遗传倾向并预测遗传模式。【结果】正交(‘南早红’ב红妃’)和反交(‘红妃’ב南早红’)F1群体单果质量分离广泛,分别为2.59—7.46和2.45—6.48 g,但平均单果质量(4.30 g、4.05 g)均小于中亲值(4.58 g)。可溶性固形物和可溶性糖含量杂种优势明显,前者正、反交群体均值分别为14.55%和14.51%,高于亲本HF(12.97%)和NZH(11.36%),超高亲率分别达78.52%和76.09%;可滴定酸在正、反交群体中的均值(0.67 g/100 mL、0.59 g/100 mL)略低于中亲值(0.63 g/100 mL),低低亲率为47.92%和41.94%。F1果皮颜色也呈现连续变异,包括橙红、红色、紫红和黑紫等类型,以红色为主。果实花色苷含量变异较大,分布范围分别为3.12—112.51和1.80—79.94 mg·kg-1。果实生育期在正反交F1群体中存在差异,正交的比反交的短2 d。果柄长度表现为超亲遗传,超高亲率分别为49.25%和43.33%。遗传模型预测表明,正、反交11个果实性状最适遗传模型的主基因数目完全一致,果实纵径和果实生育期为1对主基因,其他性状均为2对主基因。【结论】中国樱桃杂交F1代果实主要性状均为多基因控制连续分布的数量性状,其中单果质量、果实纵径、横径、侧径、可滴定酸、花色苷含量呈变小的趋势,可溶性固形物、可溶性糖和果柄长度呈增大的趋势。

关键词: 中国樱桃, 正、反交, F1群体, 果实性状, 遗传倾向

Abstract:

【Objective】 The aim of this study was to pave the way for the construction of high-density genetic map and QTL (quantitative trait locus) analysis, so as to facilitate the parental selection and mating design in the breeding programs targeting for new varieties in Chinese cherry (Cerasus pseudocerasus (Lindl.) G.Don) by investigating and analyzing fruit traits of F1 progenies between Nanzaohong (NZH, early maturity, orange red) and Hongfei (HF, purple red, with good comprehensive characteristics). 【Method】 The heredity variation and inheritance tendency of 17 fruit quality traits in the F1 segregating populations (n=226) were investigated, which were derived from the reciprocal cross between NZH and HF These traits included fruit weight, longitudinal, transverse and lateral diameter, total soluble solids (TSS), soluble sugar (SS), titratable acid (TA), anthocyanin content, fruit shape index, fruit development period, and fruit stalk length, etc. 【Result】The average fruit weight in offspring of both NZH × HF (4.30 g; range: 2.59-7.46 g) and HF × NZH (4.05 g; range: 2.45-6.48 g) was smaller than the mid-parent value (4.58 g). The TSS content (14.55% and 14.51%) was higher than those of two parents (12.97% and 11.36%), and the ratio of individuals with TSS content higher than high parent(HH)was 78.52% and 76.09%. The average TA content of individuals from the reciprocal cross was lower than the low parent (LL) (47.92% and 41.94%). Peel color segregated in the F1 progenies, with orange red, red, purple red and black purple being observed. Hybrids with red fruit color accounted for the largest proportion. The anthocyanin content is in the range of 3.12-112.51 and 1.80-79.94 mg/kg. The average fruit development period of NZH × HF progenies was two days shorter than that of HF × NZH progenies, which was mainly affected by the male parent. The fruit stalk length showed heterosis with HH values of 49.25% and 43.33%, respectively. The mixed major gene and polygene inheritance model method was evaluated for their fitness relating to these traits. Two major genes plus polygenes model was the optimal genetic model for 11 (out of 12) quantitative traits except for the fruit longitudinal diameter, which was controlled by one major gene plus polygenes. 【Conclusion】The main fruit quality characteristics were quantitative traits controlled by polygenic loci. The inheritance trend of the fruit weight, longitudinal, transverse, lateral diameter, TA, and anthocyanin content tended to be decreased, while the TSS, SS content and fruit stalk length tended to be increased.

Key words: Chinese cherry [Cerasus pseudocerasus (Lindl). G.Don], reciprocal cross, F1 populations, fruit characters, inheritance tendency