一株根际促生菌Myroides odoratimimus PJ-3的分离、鉴定及其耐盐碱和玉米促生性能评价

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.20.008

中国农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (20): 4131-4143.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.20.008

一株根际促生菌Myroides odoratimimus PJ-3的分离、鉴定及其耐盐碱和玉米促生性能评价

吴东明¹^,²^,³^,⁴(), 徐靖¹^,⁵, 袁佳美¹^,³, 王珂璇¹^,³, 李玉义¹^,³, 何萍¹^,³, 张建峰¹^,³, 宋大利¹^,³, 高淼¹^,³(), 周卫¹^,³()

¹ 北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室/农业农村部农业植物营养与肥料重点实验室/农业农村部农业微生物资源收集与保藏重点实验室（中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所），北京 100081
² 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所，海口 571101
³ 国家盐碱地综合利用技术创新中心，山东东营 257347
⁴ 农业农村部儋州野外综合科学观测研究站/国家农业绿色发展长期固定观测儋州试验站，海南儋州 571737
⁵ 江苏省江宁湖熟现代农业产业园管理委员会，南京 211121

收稿日期:2025-07-16 接受日期:2025-09-30 出版日期:2025-10-16 发布日期:2025-10-14
通信作者:
高淼，Email：gaomiao@caas.cn。

周卫，Email：zhouwei02@caas.cn。
联系方式: 吴东明，Email：wudomy@126.com。
基金资助:
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610132024004); 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1630042024005); 中国农业科学院重大科技任务(CAAS-ZDRW202407); 国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-23-B12); 海南省自然科学基金高层次人才项目(325RC810)

Isolation and Identification of Rhizosphere Growth-Promoting Bacteria of Myroides odoratimimus PJ-3 and Their Salt/ Alkali-Tolerance and Growth-Promoting Effects on Maize

WU DongMing¹^,²^,³^,⁴(), XU Jing¹^,⁵, YUAN JiaMei¹^,³, WANG KeXuan¹^,³, LI YuYi¹^,³, HE Ping¹^,³, ZHANG JianFeng¹^,³, SONG DaLi¹^,³, GAO Miao¹^,³(), ZHOU Wei¹^,³()

¹ State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-Arid Arable Land in Northern China/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences), Beijing 100081
² Institute of Environment and Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101
³ National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying 257347, Shandong
⁴ Danzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs National Agricultural Green Development Long-Term Fixed Observation Danzhou Experimental Station, Danzhou 571737, Hainan
⁵ Administrative Committee of Jiangning Hushu Modern Agricultural Industrial Park of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 211121

Received:2025-07-16 Accepted:2025-09-30 Published:2025-10-16 Online:2025-10-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】土壤盐碱化是全球农业生产和粮食安全的重要限制因子。本研究基于植物根际促生菌（PGPR）与植物的长期互惠共生特性，从盐胁迫玉米根际土中筛选出，兼具耐盐、耐碱、促生等多功能的PGPR菌种资源，为盐碱土改良菌剂研发提供原材料和理论基础，支撑盐碱地综合整治。【方法】采用稀释平板涂布法筛选相关PGPR菌株，并利用形态/显微观察、Biolog Gen Ⅲ微孔板测定和16S rRNA基因序列测定对菌株进行鉴定，利用微宇宙试验评价菌株的耐盐、耐碱和促生潜力。【结果】经筛选获得23株PGPR，其中菌株PJ-3的耐盐碱和促生潜力最佳，鉴定为拟香味类菌（Myroides odoratimimus），属革兰氏阴性菌。该菌株具备高效的果糖酵解和乳酸-丙酮酸、磷酸糖转化系统，最高可耐受5% NaCl和pH 11的盐碱胁迫条件。盆栽试验表明，在中度盐碱胁迫下，该菌株可提升玉米萌芽率70%，并使株高、叶长、叶宽、地上鲜重、地下鲜重增加50%以上。进一步的研究显示，该菌株的耐盐碱促生机制主要包括：（1）分泌蛋白酶、铁载体和IAA生长激素；（2）激发玉米抗氧化系统中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）酶活性对活性氧自由基的清除；（3）促进根系的保守型策略发育，增加根表面积、根尖数和分叉数，增强根活力，从而提升叶绿素a主导的光合作用。【结论】发现拟香味类菌PJ-3具有高效的耐盐、耐碱、促进玉米地上-地下生长发育等多种新功能，并明确了该菌株在盐碱地治理与农业生产中的广泛应用潜力。

关键词: 拟香味类菌, 盐碱胁迫, 促生潜力, 根系发育, 抗氧化酶活性

Abstract:

【Objective】Soil salinization is a significant limiting factor for global agricultural production and food security. Based on the mutualistic symbiotic relationships between rhizosphere beneficial bacteria (PGPR) and plants, this study aimed to screen out PGPR strains that possessed multiple functions, such as salt tolerance, alkali tolerance, and promoting growth, with the salt-stressed soil from maize rhizosphere. The study would provide raw materials and theoretical basis for the development of microbial agents for salt-alkali soil improvement and support the comprehensive management of salt-alkali land. 【Method】The PGPR strains were isolated by using the dilution plate coating method. The isolates were identified through morphological and microscopic observation, Biolog Gen III microplate analysis, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. A microcosmic experiment was employed to assess the salt-alkali tolerance and plant growth promotion potential (PGP) of the PGPR strains. 【Result】23 PGPR isolates were screened and obtained, and the PJ-3 isolate exhibited the optimal salt-alkali tolerance and PGP potential. It was identified as Myroides odoratimimus with the attributes of Gram-negative. Specifically, the strain PJ-3 possessed a robust fructose-glycolytic pathway and lactic acid-pyruvate and phosphosugar transformation systems, enabling tolerance to extreme saline-alkaline conditions of up to 5% NaCl with a pH of 11. Pot experiments further demonstrated that under moderate saline-alkaline stress, the strain PJ-3 significantly increased maize germination rate of maize by 70% and promoted plant height, leaf length, leaf width, aboveground fresh weight, and belowground fresh weight by over 50%. Further analysis revealed that its superior tolerance and PGP mechanisms included the secretion of proteases, siderophores, and the plant hormone IAA (indole-3-acetic acid), activation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging by antioxidant enzymes SOD (superoxide dismutase) and CAT (catalase) in maize. Moreover, it could stimulate the conservative growth strategy in roots, with the enchantment in root surface area, root tip number, branching frequency and root vigor. As a result, these positive effects improved the improved chlorophyll a-dominated photosynthesis. 【Conclusion】Collectively, it was the first to report that Myroides odoratimimus PJ-3 possesses multiple novel functions, including remarkable salt tolerance, alkali tolerance, and the promotion of both aboveground and belowground development in maize. It demonstrated broad application potential for the integrated management of saline-alkaline lands and agricultural development.

Key words: myroides odoratimimus, saline-alkali stress, promoting potential, root development, antioxidant enzyme activity

吴东明, 徐靖, 袁佳美, 王珂璇, 李玉义, 何萍, 张建峰, 宋大利, 高淼, 周卫. 一株根际促生菌Myroides odoratimimus PJ-3的分离、鉴定及其耐盐碱和玉米促生性能评价[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(20): 4131-4143.

WU DongMing, XU Jing, YUAN JiaMei, WANG KeXuan, LI YuYi, HE Ping, ZHANG JianFeng, SONG DaLi, GAO Miao, ZHOU Wei. Isolation and Identification of Rhizosphere Growth-Promoting Bacteria of Myroides odoratimimus PJ-3 and Their Salt/ Alkali-Tolerance and Growth-Promoting Effects on Maize[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(20): 4131-4143.

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链接本文: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.20.008

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图/表 10

图1

表1

菌株PJ-3对不同碳氮源的利用特征"

碳源种类 Carbon type	利用特征 Utilization	碳源种类 Carbon type	利用特征 Utilization	碳源种类 Carbon type	利用特征 Utilization
葡聚糖 Dextran	-	D-山梨醇 D-sorbitol	-	粘液酸 Mucic acid	-
D-麦芽糖 D-maltose	-	D-甘露醇 D-mannitol	-	奎尼酸 Quinateic acid	-
D-海藻糖 D-trehalose	-	D-阿拉伯醇 D-arabitol	-	D-葡糖二酸 D-glucaric acid	-
D-纤维二糖 D-cellobiose	-	myo-肌醇 Myo-inositol	-	万古霉素 Vancomycin	+
龙胆二糖 Gentiobiose	-	丙三醇 Glycerol	-	四唑紫 Tetrazolium violet	+
蔗糖 Sucrose	-	D-葡萄糖-6-PO₄ D-glucose-6-PO₄	-	四唑蓝 Tetrazolium blue	+
葡聚糖 Glucan	-	D-果糖-6-PO₄D-fructose-6-PO₄	+	p-Hydroxy-苯乙酸 p-Hydroxy-phenylacetic acid	-
D-松二糖 D-turanose	-	D-天冬氨酸 D-aspartic acid	-	丙酮酸盐 Pyruvate	-
水苏糖 Stachyose	-	D-丝氨酸 D-serine	-	D-乳酸甲酯 D-lactic methyl eslactate	-
D-蜜三糖 D-raffinose	-	醋竹桃霉素 Troleandomycin	-	L-乳酸 Lactic acid	-
α-D-乳糖 α-D-lactose	-	利福霉素SV Rifamycin SV	+	柠檬酸 Citric acid	-
D-蜜二糖 D-melibiose	W	二甲胺四环素 Minocycline	-	α-Keto-戊二酸 α-Keto-valeric	+
β-Methyl-D葡萄糖苷 β-Methyl-D glucoside	-	明胶 Gelatin	+	D-羟基丁二酸 D-hydroxybutyric acid	-
D-水杨甙 D-salicin	-	Glycyl-L-脯氨酸 Glycyl-L-proline	+	L-羟基丁二酸 L-hydroxybutyric acid	+
N-Acetyl-D葡萄糖胺 N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine	-	L-丙氨酸 L-alanine	-	Bromo-琥珀酸 Bromo-succinic acid	-
N-Acetyl-β-D甘露糖胺 N-Acetyl-β-D-mannosamine	-	L-精氨酸 L-arginine	-	萘啶酮酸 Nalidixic acid	W
N-Acetyl-D半乳糖胺 N-Acetyl-D galactosamine	-	L-天(门)冬氨酸 L-aspartic acid	+	氯化锂 Lithium chloride	-
α-D-葡萄糖 α-D-glucose	-	L-谷氨酸 L-glutamic acid	+	亚碲酸钾 Potassium tellurite	-
D-甘露糖 D-mannose	-	L-组氨酸 L-histidine	-	吐温40 Tween 40	-
D-果糖 D-fructose	-	L-焦谷氨酸 L-cysteine glutamate	-	γ-Amino-丁酸 γ-Amino-butyric acid	-
D-半乳糖 D-galactose	+	L-丝氨酸 L-aspartic acid	-	α-Hydroxy-丁酸 α-Hydroxy-butyric acid	-
3-Methyl 葡萄糖 3-Methyl glucose	-	洁霉素 Lincomycin	+	β-Hydroxy-D,L-丁酸 β-hydroxy-D,L-butyric acid	-
D-海藻糖 D-trehalose	-	盐酸胍 Guanidinium chloride	+	α-Keto-丁酸 α-Keto-butyric acid	-
L-海藻糖 L-trehalose	W	硫酸四癸钠 Sodium tetradecyl sulfate	-	乙酰乙酸 Acetoacetic acid	-
L-鼠李糖 L-rhamnose	W	果胶 Pectin	-	丙酸 Propionic acid	-
肌苷 Inosine	-	半乳糖醛酸 D-galacturonic acid	+	醋酸 Acetic acid	-
1%乳酸钠 1% sodium lactate	-	L-半乳糖酸 L-galactonic acid	+	甲酸 Formic acid	-
梭链孢酸 Fusidic acid	+	D-葡(萄)糖酸 D-glucose acid	-	氨曲南 Aztreonam	+
D-丝氨酸 D-serine	-	葡萄糖醛酸 D-glucuronic acid	W	丁酸钠 Sodium butyrate	+

表1

图2

图3

表2

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

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促生特征 Promoting characteristics	透明圈或含量 Transparent ring or content
蛋白酶Protease (D/d)	4.37±1.07
铁载体Ironophore (D/d)	2.22±0.19
IAA (μg·mL^-1)	1.35±0.32

一株根际促生菌Myroides odoratimimus PJ-3的分离、鉴定及其耐盐碱和玉米促生性能评价

Isolation and Identification of Rhizosphere Growth-Promoting Bacteria of Myroides odoratimimus PJ-3 and Their Salt/ Alkali-Tolerance and Growth-Promoting Effects on Maize

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