中国农业科学 ›› 2006, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (03): 470-476 .

• 耕作栽培·生理生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

"宜黄野生稻"的植物分类学地位和外稃乳突结构的扫描电镜观察

贺浩华,贺晓鹏,彭小松,傅军如,刘宜柏,吴强,华育坚,徐伯刚,王象坤   

  1. 江西农业大学作物遗传育种实验室
  • 收稿日期:2005-10-15 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2006-03-10 发布日期:2006-03-10
  • 通讯作者: 贺浩华

The Taxonomy and the SEM Observation on Tubercles on Lemma of "Yihuang Wild Rice"

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  1. 江西农业大学作物遗传育种实验室
  • Received:2005-10-15 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2006-03-10 Published:2006-03-10

摘要: 【目的】为了明确于1999年在江西省宜黄县发现的"宜黄野生稻"的植物分类学地位。【方法】对"宜黄野生稻"的植物学特征进行了分属、分种检索,同时利用扫描电镜对其外稃乳突结构与普通野生稻(O.rufipogon)、药用野生稻(O.officinalis)、疣粒野生稻(O.meyeriana)和颗粒野生稻(O.granulata)进行了对比观察。【结果】分属检索结果表明,"宜黄野生稻"不属稻属(Oryza L.)、水禾属(Hygroryza Nees)和山涧草属(Chikusichloa Koidz.),而属假稻属(Leersia Soland.Ex Swartz.)植物;分种检索结果表明,"宜黄野生稻"不是李氏禾(L. hexandra Swartz.)和假稻(L.japonica (Makino) Honda),也不同于蓉草(L.oryzoides (L.) Swartz.),而是秕壳草(L. sayanuka Ohwi)。外稃乳突结构的扫描电镜观察结果表明,"宜黄野生稻"的外稃乳突结构不同于中国现存的3种野生稻和颗粒野生稻,乳突结构属嵌硅双峰乳突类,与假稻属的细线粒野稻(L. tisseranti)相似,这为上述植物学分类检索结果提供了辅证。【结论】"宜黄野生稻"并非稻属野生稻种植物,其植物分类学地位应是假稻属的秕壳草。

关键词: 宜黄野生稻, 植物分类, 外稃乳突结构, 野生稻, 假稻属, 秕壳草

Abstract: 【Objective】In order to distinguish the taxomomy of "Yihuang wild rice" that found in Yihuang county, Jiangxi Province in 1999. 【Method】The botanical characteristics of "Yihuang wild rice" by genus and species were retrived, at the same time, the tubercle characters on lemma in "Yihuang wild rice", O. rufipogon, O. officinalis, O.Meyeriana, and O. granulate also were observed by scanning electron microscopy. 【Result】The retrieval result by genus showed that "Yihuang wild rice" is Leersia Soland. Ex Swartz., not Oryza L., Hygroryza Nees and Chikusichloa Koidz. The retrieval result by species showed that "Yihuang wild rice" is L. sayanuka Ohwi, not L. hexandra Swartz., L. japonica (Makino) Honda and L. oryzoides (L.) Swartz.. The results of the SEM observation of tubercles on lemma showed that the tubercle characters on lemma of "Yihuang wild rice" is belong to inlaid-silica-peak type, differing from the three wild rices existed in China, O. rufipogon, O. officinalis, O.Meyeriana, as well as O. granulata, but similar to L. tisseranti. It gives a proof of the above retrieval result. 【Conclusion】It is speculated that "Yihuang wild rice" does not belong to Oryza L., but belongs to Leersia sayanuka Ohwi.

Key words: Yihuang wild rice, Taxonomy, Tubercle characters on lemma, Wild rice, Leersia, L. sayanuka Ohwi