中国农业科学

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最新录用:中国大田作物栽培学前沿与创新方向探讨

张洪程1,2*,胡雅杰2,戴其根1,2,邢志鹏2,魏海燕2,孙成明2,高辉1,2,胡群2
  

  1. 1中国作物学会栽培专业委员会,江苏扬州  225009;2扬州大学/江苏省优质粳稻产业工程研究中心,江苏扬州  225009
  • 发布日期:2022-06-23

Discussions on Frontiers and Directions of Scientific and Technological Innovation in China’s Field Crop Cultivation

ZHANG HongCheng1 , 2*, HU YaJie2, DAI QiGen1, 2, XING ZhiPeng2, WEI HaiYan2, SUN ChengMing2, GAO Hui1, 2, HU Qun2 #br#   

  1. 1Cultivation Professional Committee of Crop Science Society of China, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu; 2Yangzhou University/Jiangsu Industrial Engineering Research Center of High Quality Japonica Rice, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu
  • Online:2022-06-23

摘要: 我国粮食18年连续增产,持续7年保持在6.5亿吨以上高位。但我国人均农业自然资源少、作物生产成本高且面临从农劳力锐减等诸多严峻挑战。因此,迫切需要深入探讨粮食生产科技前沿问题,并寻求未来切实可行的创新发展方向。本文重点分析了国内外大田作物栽培领域科技前沿及其发展现状与趋势,根据我国当前大田作物生产存在的突出问题,阐述了我国大田作物优质丰产高效协同栽培、节能减排绿色栽培、“无人化”智慧栽培三方面的重大科技需求,针对性指出了我国大田作物优质丰产高效协同栽培、固碳节能减排绿色栽培和“无人化”智慧栽培三方面重点科技突破方向与路径。最后,从政策顶层设计与有效投入、加强基础理论和关键技术及实用产品研发、强化复合型人才培养等方面,提出了我国大田作物栽培领域科技创新的措施及建议。


关键词: 作物栽培, 科技前沿, 创新方向, 发展建议

Abstract: China's total grain output had exceeded 650 million tons since seven years ago, with great achievement of ever-increased grain output for 18 consecutive years. However, China's cereal production is facing many severe challenges, such as the shortage of agricultural natural resources per capita, higher cost for crop production per hectare, and sharp decrease of labor population. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss the frontiers and the directions of scientific and technological innovation in China’s field crop cultivation. According to the existing problems in field crop production, the major scientific and technological requirements of China's field crop, such as the cooperative cultivation of high-quality and high-yield and high-efficient, the green cultivation of energy conservation and emission reduction, and the "unmanned" intelligent cultivation, were elaborated. The scientific and technological frontiers and development status and trends of field crop cultivation at home and abroad were analyzed emphatically. The key scientific and technological breakthrough directions and paths were pointed out in three aspects: the coordination cultivation of high-quality and high-yield and high-efficient, the green cultivation of carbon fixation and energy saving and emission reduction, and the "unmanned" intelligent cultivation. Finally, the measures and suggestions for scientific and technological innovation of China’s field crop cultivation were put forward from the aspects of policy top-level design and effective investment, increasing the research and development of basic theories, the key technologies and practical products, and increasing the cultivation of compound talents.  


Key words: crop cultivation, frontier of science and technology, innovation direction, development suggestions