锌与尿素结合对锌有效性及尿素转化的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.16.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】通过研究锌与尿素以不同方式结合施用对土壤中锌有效性及尿素在土壤中转化的影响,探究氮锌相互作用机制,为锌与尿素科学配伍及养分高效利用提供科学依据。【方法】将七水硫酸锌按0.5%和5%的重量份与尿素分别进行物理掺混（U+Zn）和熔融混合（UZn）,制备含锌尿素试验产品：U+Zn0.5、U+Zn5、UZn0.5和UZn5。采用土壤培养试验,研究锌与尿素以不同方式结合施用对土壤有效锌含量、土壤酰胺态氮含量、土壤NO₃^–-N和NH₄⁺-N含量及土壤脲酶活性的影响,并结合X射线光电子能谱和核磁共振波谱分析锌与尿素不同结合方式对锌有效性和尿素转化的影响机制。试验设置8个处理：①CK（对照）,不施任何肥料;②U,施用普通尿素;③Zn0.5,单施ZnSO₄·7H₂O;④Zn5,单施ZnSO₄·7H₂O;⑤U+Zn0.5,施用含锌尿素U+Zn0.5;⑥U+Zn5,施用含锌尿素U+Zn5;⑦UZn0.5,施用含锌尿素UZn0.5;⑧UZn5,施用含锌尿素UZn5。其中,处理②、⑤、⑥、⑦和⑧的氮用量相同,处理③、⑤和⑦的锌用量相同,处理④同⑥和⑧的锌用量。【结果】（1）与单施锌肥相比,锌与尿素以物理掺混和熔融混合方式结合后施用均可提高土壤有效锌含量,且熔融混合方式对锌有效性的提高效果强于物理掺混。在0.5%水平下,锌与尿素混合施用较锌肥单施土壤有效锌含量平均提高17.3%,而熔融混合较物理掺混平均提高了10.9%;在5%水平下,锌与尿素混合施用较锌肥单施土壤有效锌含量平均提高13.1%,熔融混合较物理掺混则平均提高了12.7%;在熔融混合方式下,0.5%用量（UZn0.5）的锌固定率较5%用量（UZn5）的降低了23.93个百分点。（2）与普通尿素（U）相比,4种含锌尿素均可减缓尿素水解,其中锌与尿素熔融结合较物理掺混结合更有利于延缓尿素水解,且以0.5%的用量时二者差异达到显著水平（P<0.05）。（3）锌与尿素结合可在培养后期提高土壤NH₄⁺-N含量,以UZn0.5提高幅度最明显。与普通尿素（U）相比,U+Zn5、UZn0.5和UZn5处理在培养后期可显著提高土壤NO₃^--N含量,且UZn0.5处理提高幅度显著高于UZn5处理。（4）锌与尿素熔融混合在培养后期可提高土壤矿质态氮含量,与U处理相比,UZn0.5和UZn5处理土壤矿质态氮含量分别提高了7.6%和1.9%,且UZn0.5较UZn5处理土壤矿质态氮含量仍高出5.6%,差异达显著水平（P<0.05）。（5）锌与尿素结合在培养前期可抑制土壤脲酶活性,熔融混合较物理掺混抑制效果更强;锌与尿素熔融混合可在培养后期提高土壤脲酶活性,UZn0.5处理提高土壤脲酶活性的程度高于UZn5处理。【结论】锌与尿素结合（物理掺混、熔融混合）均可减少土壤对锌的固定,提高土壤有效锌含量,以氮锌熔融混合效果更好。锌与尿素结合能够延缓尿素水解,在培养后期提高土壤NH₄⁺-N、NO₃^–-N和矿质态氮含量,以熔融混合方式和锌添加量以0.5%效果较好。0.5%添加量的七水硫酸锌与尿素熔融混合制成含锌尿素产品,在生产中具有推广前景。

关键词: 含锌尿素, 物理掺混, 熔融混合, 锌有效性, 尿素转化

Abstract:

【Objective】The interaction mechanism of nitrogen and zinc was explored by investigating the effects of zinc combined with urea in different ways on the zinc availability and the urea conversion in soil, so as to provide a scientific basis for the scientific compatibility of zinc and urea and the high-efficiency utilization of nutrients.【Method】0.5 and 5 parts by weight of zinc sulfate heptahydrate were combined with 99.5 and 95 parts by weight of urea by the physical mixing process (U+Zn) and the melt mixing process (UZn), respectively, to prepare zinc-containing urea test products: U+Zn0.5, U+Zn5, UZn0.5 and UZn5. The soil culture experiment was conducted to study the effects of zinc combined with urea in different ways on soil available zinc content, soil amide nitrogen content, soil NO₃-N and NH₄⁺-N content, and soil urease activity. Subsequently, the inherent mechanism was revealed by combining the structure of zinc-containing urea investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. There were eight treatments arranged: ①CK (control), without any fertilizer; ②U, applied with common urea; ③Zn0.5, applied with ZnSO₄·7H₂O; ④Zn5, applied with ZnSO₄·7H₂O; ⑤U+Zn0.5, applied with zinc-containing urea U+Zn0.5; ⑥U+Zn5, applied with zinc-containing urea U+Zn5; ⑦UZn0.5, applied with zinc-containing urea UZn0.5; ⑧UZn5, applied with zinc-containing urea UZn5. Wherein, the same amount of nitrogen was applied for the treatments of ②, ⑤, ⑥, ⑦ and ⑧, the same amount of zinc for treatments of ③, ⑤ and ⑦, and the amount of zinc for treatments of ④, ⑥ and ⑧.【Result】(1) Compared with single application of zinc fertilizer, zinc combined with urea increased the available zinc content of the soil, and the zinc-containing urea prepared by the melt mixing process had a better performance than that prepared by physical mixing process. At the 0.5% level, zinc combined with urea increased the available zinc content by 17.3% on average compared with zinc fertilizer applied alone, and the available zinc content under UZn0.5 treatment was higher than that under U+Zn0.5 treatment by 10.9%. At the 5% level, zinc combined with urea increased the available zinc content by 13.1% on average compared with zinc fertilizer applied alone, and the available zinc content under UZn5 treatment was higher than that under U+Zn5 treatment by 12.7%. The fixation rate of zinc under UZn0.5 treatment was lower than that under UZn5 treatment by 23.93 percentage points. (2) Compared with common urea, all of the zinc-containing urea slowed down the hydrolysis of urea. Among them, the zinc-containing urea prepared by the melt process showed a slower hydrolysis of urea than that prepared by the physically mixing. The difference was significant between the treatment of UZn0.5 and U+Zn0.5 (P<0.05). (3) The combination of zinc and urea increased soil NH₄⁺-N content at the later stage of cultivation, and the most significant increase happened under UZn0.5 treatment. Compared with common urea, U+Zn5, UZn0.5 and UZn5 significantly increased the soil NO₃-N content at the later stage of cultivation, and the increase rate under UZn0.5 treatment was significantly higher than that under UZn5 treatment. (4) Zinc-containing urea prepared by the melt mixing process could increase the soil mineral nitrogen content at the later stage of cultivation. Compared with U, the soil mineral nitrogen content under the treatment of UZn0.5 and UZn5 was increased by 7.6% and 1.9%, respectively. The soil mineral nitrogen content under UZn0.5 treatment was significantly higher than that under UZn5 by 5.6% (P<0.05). (5) Combination of zinc and urea could inhibit soil urease activity at the early stage of cultivation, and the zinc-containing urea prepared by the melt mixing process showed a stronger inhibitory effect than that prepared by the physically mixing. The zinc-containing urea prepared by the melt mixing process showed a higher soil urease activity at the later stage of cultivation, and there was a better performance under UZn0.5 treatment than that under UZn5 treatment.【Conclusion】The combination of zinc and urea could reduce the zinc fixation and increase the zinc availability in soil. The effect of zinc combined with urea by the melt process was better than that by the physically mixing. Meanwhile, the combination of zinc and urea could delay the hydrolysis of urea, and increase the mineral nitrogen content at the later stage of cultivation. 0.5% of zinc sulfate heptahydrate combined with urea by the melt process showed the best performance. Therefore, there would a popular prospect for the prepared by 0.5% of zinc sulfate heptahydrate combined with urea by the melt process.

Key words: zinc-containing urea, physical mixing, melt mixing, zinc availability, urea conversion

赵丽芳, 袁亮, 张水勤, 赵秉强, 林治安, 李燕婷. 锌与尿素结合对锌有效性及尿素转化的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2021, 54(16): 3461-3472.

ZHAO LiFang, YUAN Liang, ZHANG ShuiQin, ZHAO BingQiang, LIN ZhiAn, LI YanTing. Effects of Zinc Combined with Urea on Zinc Availability and Urea Conversion[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(16): 3461-3472.

0
/ / 推荐

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

链接本文: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.16.009

https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/Y2021/V54/I16/3461

图/表 10

表1

图1

图2

图3

表2

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

参考文献 43

[1]	李孟华, 王朝辉, 王建伟, 毛晖, 戴健, 李强, 邹春琴. 低锌旱地施锌方式对小麦产量和锌利用的影响. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2013, 19(6):1346-1355.
	LI M H, WANG C H, WANG J W, MAO H, DAI J, LI Q, ZOU C Q. Effects of zinc application methods on wheat yield and zinc utilization in Zn-deficient soils of dryland. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2013, 19(6):1346-1355. (in Chinese)
[2]	朱会霞. 人体内锌的生物学功能. 生物学教学, 2009, 34(5):4-5.
	ZHU H X. The biological function of zinc in the human body. Biology Teaching, 2009, 34(5):4-5. (in Chinese)
[3]	庞全海, 张莉, 张春有, 杨旭华, 卢俊彦. 微量元素锌在动物健康及营养中的研究进展. 动物医学进展, 2002(2):41-43.
	PANG Q H, ZHANG L, ZHANG C Y, YANG X H, LU J Y. Advances of the zinc research in the health and nutrition of animals. Progress in Veterinary Medicine, 2002(2):41-43. (in Chinese)
[4]	KHOSHGOFTARMANESH A H, SCHULIN R, CHANEY R L, DANESHBAKHSH B, AFYUNI M. Micronutrient-efficient genotypes for crop yield and nutritional quality in sustainable agriculture. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 2010, 30(1):83-107. doi: 10.1051/agro/2009017
[5]	张素素, 齐英杰, 沈彦辉, 张强, 王怀利, 陈宏坤. 我国中微量元素肥料应用现状与前景分析. 磷肥与复肥, 2019, 34(1):34-35, 45.
	ZHANG S S, QI Y J, SHEN Y H, ZHANG Q, WANG H L, CHEN H K. Application status and prospect analysis of medium and trace element fertilizer in China. Phosphate & Compound Fertilizer, 2019, 34(1):41-42, 52. (in Chinese)
[6]	魏孝荣, 郝明德, 张春霞. 黄土高原地区连续施锌条件下土壤锌的形态及有效性. 中国农业科学, 2005, 38(7):1386-1393.
	WEI X R, HAO M D, ZHANG C X. Zinc fractions and availability in the soil of the loess plateau after long-term continuous application of zinc fertilizer. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2005, 38(7):1386-1393. (in Chinese)
[7]	王少霞, 李萌, 田霄鸿, 陈艳龙, 李硕, 刘珂, 贾舟. 锌与氮磷钾配合喷施对小麦锌累积、分配及转移的影响. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2018, 24(2):296-305.
	WANG S X, LI M, TIAN X H, CHEN Y L, LI S, LIU K, JIA Z. Effects of combined foliar application of Zn with N, P, or K on Zn accumulation, distribution and translocation in wheat. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2018, 24(2):296-305. (in Chinese)
[8]	GUO J X, FENG X M, HU X Y, TIAN G L, GUO S W. Effects of soil zinc availability, nitrogen fertilizer rate and zinc fertilizer application method on zinc biofortification of rice. Journal of Agricultural Science, 2015, 154(4):1-14.
[9]	ALLOWAY B J. Soil factors associated with zinc deficiency in crops and humans. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 2009, 31(5):537-548. doi: 10.1007/s10653-009-9255-4
[10]	庞丽丽, 邹春琴. 主要粮食作物生产体系中锌肥的合理利用. 中国农学通报, 2011, 27(27):12-17.
	PANG L L, ZOU C Q. Progress in zinc fertilization in the production system of main cereal crops. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2011, 27(27):12-17. (in Chinese)
[11]	张永清, 吴俊兰. 石灰性褐土小白菜优质高产与氮、锌、锰肥配施. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2003(3):348-352.
	ZHANG Y Q, WU J L. Study on the effect of N, Zn and Mn combined application on yield and qualities of Chinese cabbage in calcareous cinnamon soil. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2003(3):348-352. (in Chinese)
[12]	杨清, 刘新保, 褚天铎, 王淑惠, 李春花, 张燕卿. 小麦氮、磷与锌配合施用的研究. 中国农业科学, 1995, 28(1):15-24.
	YANG Q, LIU X B, CHU T D, WANG S H, LI C H, ZHANG Y Q. A study of coordinate N, P and Zinc fertilizers on wheat. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 1995, 28(1):15-24. (in Chinese)
[13]	唐新莲, 顾明华, 潘丽梅, 凌桂芝, 钱单霞. 氮、磷、钾、锌配施对小白菜产量和品质的效应. 中国土壤与肥料, 2007(3):47-51.
	TANG X L, GU M H, PAN L M, LING G Z, QIAN D X. Effect of combined application of N, P, K and Zn on the yield and quality of pakchoi. Soils and Fertilizers Sciences in China, 2007(3):47-51. (in Chinese)
[14]	何忠俊, 华珞. 氮锌交互作用对白三叶草叶片活性氧代谢和叶绿体超微结构的影响. 农业环境科学学报, 2005(6):1048-1053.
	HE Z J, HUA L. Effect of the inter action between N and Zn on active oxygen metabolism and chloroplast ultrastructure of white clover leaves. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2005(6):1048-1053. (in Chinese)
[15]	常红, 周鑫斌, 于淑慧, 代文才, 周永祥. 小麦氮锌配施效应研究. 西南大学学报(自然科学版), 2013, 35(11):49-53.
	CHANG H, ZHOU X B, YU S H, DAI W C, ZHOU Y X. Study of the effect of combined application of nitrogen and zinc on wheat. Journal of Southwest University (Natural Science Edition), 2013, 35(11):49-53. (in Chinese)
[16]	黄文川, 李录久, 李文高. 小麦氮锌配施效应及增产机理研究. 核农学报, 2000(4):225-229.
	HUANG W C, LI L J, LI W G. Effects of application nitrogen combined with zinc on wheat yield. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, 2000(4):225-229. (in Chinese)
[17]	康利允, 马政华, 李红英, 王文亮, 杨建堂. 氮锌配施对玉米干物质积累及产量效应的研究. 中国土壤与肥料, 2011(1):34-38.
	KANG L Y, MA Z H, LI H Y, WANG W L, YANG J T. Effects of combined application of nitrogen and zinc on dry matter accumulation and yield in maize. Soils and Fertilizers Sciences in China, 2011(1):34-38. (in Chinese)
[18]	董明, 王琪, 周琴, 蔡剑, 王笑, 戴廷波, 姜东. 花后5天喷施锌肥有效提高小麦籽粒营养和加工品质. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2018, 24(1):63-70.
	DONG M, WANG Q, ZHOU Q, CAI J, WANG X, DAI Y B, JIANG D. Efficient promotion of the nutritional and processing quality of wheat grain by Zn forliar spraying at 5 days after anthesis. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2018, 24(1):63-70. (in Chinese)
[19]	杨帆. 氮锌配施对冬小麦锌吸收利用及产量的影响[D]. 郑州: 河南农业大学, 2013.
	YANG F. Interactive effects of Nitrogen and Zinc fertilizers on absorption of Zinc, Grain yield in winter wheat[D]. Zhengzhou: Henan Agricultural University, 2013. (in Chinese)
[20]	赵鹏, 杨帆, 睢福庆, 王巧燕. 氮锌配施对冬小麦氮利用、产量及籽粒蛋白质含量的影响. 中国农业大学学报, 2013, 18(3):28-33.
	ZHAO P, YANG F, SUI F Q, WANG Q Y. Effects of combined application of Zn and N fertilizers on nitrogen use, grain yield and protein content in winter wheat. Journal of China Agricultural University, 2013, 18(3):28-33. (in Chinese)
[21]	NIE Z J, WANG J, RENGEL Z, LIU H E, ZHAO P. Effects of nitrogen combined with zinc application on glutamate, glutamine, aspartate and asparagine accumulation in two winter wheat cultivars. Plant Physiology & Biochemistry, DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.04.022. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.04.022
[22]	陆欣春, 田霄鸿, 杨习文, 买文选, 保琼莉, 赵爱青. 氮锌配施对石灰性土壤锌形态及肥效的影响. 土壤学报, 2010, 47(6):1202-1213.
	LU X C, TIAN X H, YANG X W, MAI W X, BAO Q L, ZHAO A Q. Effect of combined application of nitrogen and zinc on zinc fractions and fertilizer efficiency in calcareous soil. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2010, 47(6):1202-1213. (in Chinese)
[23]	何忠俊, 华珞, 洪常青. 氮锌交互作用对黄棕壤锌形态的影响. 农业环境科学学报, 2004(2):209-212.
	HE Z J, HUA L, HONG C Q. Effect of interaction between nitrogen and zinc on forms of zinc in yellow-brown soil. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2004(2):209-212. (in Chinese)
[24]	DAS D K. Transformation of different fractions of zinc in submerged soil as affected by the application of nitrogen. Crop Res, 1996, 11(l):53-61.
[25]	谢福堂, 伍少福, 吕倩, 吴良欢, 邹春琴. 新型含锌复合肥对水稻生长和产量的影响. 广东农业科学, 2010, 37(8):104-105.
	XIE F T, WU S F, LÜ Q, WU L H, ZOU C Q. Effect of new zinc-containing compound fertilizer on rice growth and yield. Guangdong Agricultural Sciences, 2010, 37(8):104-105. (in Chinese)
[26]	关松荫. 土壤酶及其研究方法. 北京: 农业出版社, 1986.
	GUAN S Y. Soil Enzymes and Research Methods. Beijing: Agricultural Press, 1986. (in Chinese)
[27]	刘合满, 张兴昌, 苏少华. 黄土高原主要土壤锌有效性及其影响因素. 农业环境科学学报, 2008(3):898-902.
	LIU H M, ZHANG X C, SU S H. Available zinc content and related properties of main soil in the loess plateau. Journal of Agro- Environment Science, 2008(3):898-902. (in Chinese)
[28]	郭九信, 隋标, 商庆银, 胡香玉, 廖文强, 郭世伟. 氮锌互作对水稻产量及籽粒氮、锌含量的影响. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2012, 18(6):1336-1342.
	GUO J X, SUI B, SHANG Q Y, HU X Y, LIAO W Q, GUO S W. Effects of N and Zn interaction on yield and contents of N and Zn in grains of rice. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2012, 18(6):1336-1342. (in Chinese)
[29]	杨爽, 朱青, 张钦, 张爱华, 陈正刚, 吴兴洪. 新型含锌尿素对玉米产量、籽粒含锌量、氮素吸收及氮肥利用率的影响. 山地农业生物学报, 2018, 37(5):31-35.
	YANG S, ZHU Q, ZHANG Q, ZHANG A H, CHEN Z G, WU X H. Effect of new zinc-containing carbamideon corn yield, grain zinc content, nitrogen absorption and nitrogen utilization rate. Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology, 2018, 37(5):31-35. (in Chinese)
[30]	黎意惠, 欧阳贻德. 尿素锌的制备工艺条件研究. 化工时刊, 2007(2):21-23.
	LI Y H, OUYANG Y D. Studies on the technological conditions for zinc-urea preparation. Chemical Industry Times, 2007(2):21-23. (in Chinese)
[31]	闵伟, 侯振安, 梁永超, 冶军, 刘伟, 赵磊. 土壤盐度和施氮量对灰漠土尿素N转化的影响. 土壤通报, 2012, 43(6):1372-1379.
	MIN W, HOU Z A, LIANG Y C, YE J, LIU W, ZHAO L. Effects of soil salinity level and nitrogen rate on urea-N transformation in grey desert soil. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2012, 43(6):1372-1379. (in Chinese)
[32]	夏荣基. 土壤有机质研究. 北京: 农业出版社, 1980: 85-87.
	XIA R J. Research on Soil Organic Matter. Beijing: Agricultural Press, 1980: 85-87. (in Chinese)
[33]	魏义长, 白由路, 杨俐苹, 林昌华, 姚政, 罗国安, 宋炜, 朱春梅. 测土推荐施锌对水稻产量结构及土壤有效养分的影响. 中国水稻科学, 2007(2):197-202.
	WEI Y C, BAI Y L, YANG L P, LIN C H, YAO Z, LUO G A, SONG Y, ZHU C M. Effects of recommended zinc application according to soil testing on yield components of rice and soil available nutrients. Chinese Journal of Rice Science, 2007(2):197-202. (in Chinese)
[34]	聂兆君, 秦世玉, 刘红恩, 赵鹏, 吴香婷, 高巍, 李畅, 张雯雯, 睢福庆. 氮锌配施对冬小麦产量及土壤氮素转化相关酶活性的影响. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2020, 26(3):431-441.
	NIE Z J, QIN S Y, LIU H E, ZHAO P, WU X T, GAO W, LI C, ZHANG W W, QU F Q. Effects of combined application of nitrogen and zinc on winter wheat yield and soil enzyme activities related to nitrogen transformation. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2020, 26(3):431-441. (in Chinese)
[35]	贺纪正, 张丽梅. 土壤氮素转化的关键微生物过程及机制. 微生物学通报, 2013, 40(1):98-108.
	HE J Z, ZHANG L M. Key processes and microbial mechanisms of soil nitrogen transformation. Microbiology China, 2013, 40(1):98-108. (in Chinese)
[36]	彭正萍, 门明新, 薛世川, 孙旭霞, 薛宝民, 毕淑芹. 腐植酸复合肥对土壤养分转化和土壤酶活性的影响. 河北农业大学学报, 2005(4):1-4.
	PENG Z P, MEN M X, XUE S C, SUN X X, XUE B M, BI S Q. Study the effect of humic acid (HA) compound fertilizer on the quality and physiologic index of rape. Journal of Hebei Agricultural University, 2005, 28(4):1-4. (in Chinese)
[37]	于亚伟, 张丽霞, 韩晓阳. 尿素不同配施处理对棕壤茶园土壤尿素转化及硝化作用影响的研究. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2011, 17(5):1278-1282.
	YU Y W, ZHANG L X, HAN X Y. Urea transformation and nitrification under different urea combined fertilization in the brown soils of tea garden. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2011, 17(5):1278-1282. (in Chinese)
[38]	董燕, 王正银. 尿素在土壤中的转化与植物利用效率. 磷肥与复肥, 2005, 20(2):76-78.
	DONG Y, WANG Z Y. Conversion of urea in soil and its plant use efficiency. Phosphate & Compound Fertilizer, 2005, 20(2):76-78. (in Chinese)
[39]	TABATABAI M A. Effects of trace elements on urease activity in soils. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 1977, 9(1):9-13. doi: 10.1016/0038-0717(77)90054-2
[40]	PAJAK M, BLONSKA E, FRAC M, OSZUST K. Functional diversity and microbial activity of forest soils that are heavily contaminated by lead and zinc. Water Air and Soil Pollution, 2016, 227(9):348. doi: 10.1007/s11270-016-3051-4
[41]	COPPOLECCHIA D, PUGLISI E, VASILEIADIS S, SUCIU N, HAMON R, BEONE G M, TREVISAN M. Relative sensitivity of different soil biological properties to zinc. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 2011, 43(9):1798-1807. doi: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.06.018
[42]	CURTIN D, SMILLIE G W. Soil solution composition as affected by liming and incubation. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1983, 47(4):701-707. doi: 10.2136/sssaj1983.03615995004700040020x
[43]	张会民, 吕家珑, 徐明岗, 刘红霞. 土壤性质对锌吸附影响的研究进展. 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2006(5):114-118.
	ZHANG H M, LÜ J L, XU M G, LIU H X. Advances in soil properties effect on zinc adsorption. Journal of Northwest A & F University (Natural Science Edition), 2006(5):114-118. (in Chinese)

肥料代号 Code of fertilizer	七水硫酸锌添加量 Amount of zinc sulfate heptahydrate (%)	氮含量 Nitrogen content (N, %)	水溶性锌含量 Water-soluble zinc content (Zn²⁺, %)	pH
U	0	45.47	/	7.27
U+Zn0.5	0.5	45.91	0.12	6.29
U+Zn5	5	43.90	1.33	5.53
UZn0.5	0.5	45.81	0.12	6.26
UZn5	5	44.79	1.35	5.54

处理 Treatment	培养时间 Incubation time (d)								平均 Mean	固定率 Fixed rate (Zn, %)
处理 Treatment	0.25	0.5	1	2	3	5	7	14	平均 Mean	固定率 Fixed rate (Zn, %)
CK	0.84f	0.89ef	0.70e	1.04e	0.71d	0.79d	1.34c	1.25c	0.95	/
U	0.79f	0.78f	0.89de	1.04de	0.73d	0.94cd	1.29c	1.24c	0.96	/
Zn0.5	1.15de	1.03de	0.93de	1.09de	1.04cd	1.05cd	1.44c	1.33c	1.13	71.15
Zn5	3.54c	3.69b	3.70b	2.80b	2.87a	2.96b	3.05b	3.17b	3.22	64.30
U+Zn0.5	1.04e	1.08d	1.17cd	1.44cd	1.39bc	1.16cd	1.43c	1.37c	1.26	51.54
U+Zn5	4.06b	3.74b	3.74b	3.48b	3.19a	3.00ab	3.01b	3.19b	3.43	61.11
UZn0.5	1.20d	1.39c	1.30c	1.46c	1.63b	1.28b	1.49c	1.43c	1.40	30.38
UZn5	4.26a	4.32a	4.64a	3.62a	3.29a	3.39a	3.61a	3.75a	3.86	54.31