山东省小麦田大穗看麦娘抗性水平、靶标抗性机理及田间防除效果测定

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.17.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【背景】大穗看麦娘（Alopecurus myosuroides）是我国大陆近几年新发展蔓延的一种恶性禾本科杂草,目前已在山东、河南、河北、安徽等省有分布,且分布面积不断扩大。【目的】明确山东省冬小麦田大穗看麦娘对常用除草剂的抗性水平及部分种群产生抗性的机理,并评价不同除草剂对其田间防除效果,为制定小麦田大穗看麦娘防控技术规程提供理论依据。【方法】室内采用整株生物测定法测定9个大穗看麦娘种群对乙酰乳酸合成酶（ALS）抑制剂除草剂啶磺草胺、甲基二磺隆以及乙酰辅酶A羧化酶（ACC）抑制剂除草剂唑啉草酯、炔草酯、精噁唑禾草灵共5种除草剂的抗性水平,并对产生抗性的种群进行靶标基因检测,同时分别在冬前和冬后开展田间试验,评价不同除草剂对大穗看麦娘的田间防除效果。【结果】室内测定结果表明,种群8（JN2）对啶磺草胺和甲基二磺隆产生明显抗性,相对抗性指数分别达到47.32、15.97,靶标基因检测显示,该种群内植株ALS基因编码的第197位点氨基酸发生由脯氨酸（CCC）到苏氨酸（ACC）的突变;所有种群对唑啉草酯、炔草酯和精噁唑禾草灵均表现敏感。田间试验结果表明,冬前使用除草剂对大穗看麦娘的防除效果优于冬后使用除草剂的效果,冬前唑啉草酯对大穗看麦娘鲜重防效为98.6%,而冬后处理为89.1%;冬前使用啶磺草胺、甲基二磺隆对大穗看麦娘的株防效和鲜重防效在72.2%—89.3%,冬后使用则为68.6%—83.2%;唑啉草酯、炔草酯和精噁唑禾草灵对大穗看麦娘均表现出很好的防除效果,冬前使用的株防效和鲜重防效均在96.2%以上,冬后使用在82.6%—92.2%。【结论】供试的9个大穗看麦娘种群中,发现1个种群对甲基二磺隆、啶磺草胺产生较高抗性,但未发现对唑啉草酯等产生抗性的种群,室内试验和田间试验结果具有一致性。

关键词: 大穗看麦娘, ALS抑制剂, ACC抑制剂, 抗性水平, 抗性机理

Abstract:

【Background】As a new kind of malignant gramineous in the mainland of China in recent years, Alopecurus myosuroides has been widely distributed in Shandong, Henan, Hebei and Anhui provinces, and its distribution area is constantly expanding.【Objective】The objective of this study is to determine the resistance level, mechanism of A. myosuroides to herbicides and the control efficacy in wheat field, and to provide a theoretical basis for A. myosuroides control in winter wheat field.【Method】Whole-plant dose response experiments were conducted to determine the resistance level of nine populations to ALS inhibitor such as pyroxsulam, mesosulfuron-methyl and ACC inhibitor such as pinoxaden, clodinafop-propargyl and fenoxaprop-P-ethyl in the greenhouse, and the target gene of resistant population was detected. At the same time, herbicide control experiments were carried out before and after winter in the wheat field.【Result】The results of greenhouse experiment showed that only one of the nine populations, population 8 (JN2), had obvious resistance to the herbicides of ALS inhibitor (pyroxsulam and mesosulfuron-methyl), and the resistance index (RI) reached 47.32 and 15.97, respectively. ALS gene sequence analysis showed that Pro (CCC) to Thr (ACC) mutation at position 197 of the ALS gene occurred in the resistant population. Meanwhile, all the populations had no resistance to the ACC inhibitor pinoxaden, clodinafop-propargyl and fenoxaprop-P-ethyl. The results of field trials showed that the effect of application before winter was better than that after winter, the fresh weight control efficacy of pinoxaden before winter was 98.6% and that after winter was 89.1%. The plant control efficacy and fresh weight control efficacy of pyroxsulam and mesosulfuron-methyl before winter were 72.2%-89.3% and those after winter were 68.6%-83.2%, but pinoxaden, clodinafop- propargyl and fenoxaprop-P-ethyl all showed good control efficacy on A. myosuroides, the plant control efficacy and fresh weight control efficacy were above 96.2% before winter and 82.6%-92.2% after winter.【Conclusion】Among the nine tested populations, one population was found to have high resistance to mesosulfuron-methyl and pyroxsulam, but no resistant population was found to ACC inhibitor herbicides, such as pinoxaden, clodinafop-propargyl and fenoxaprop-P-ethyl. The results of laboratory test and field test were consistent.

Key words: Alopecurus myosuroides, ALS inhibitor, ACC inhibitor, resistance level, resistance mechanism

高兴祥,李健,张悦丽,李美,房锋. 山东省小麦田大穗看麦娘抗性水平、靶标抗性机理及田间防除效果测定[J]. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(17): 3518-3526.

GAO XingXiang,LI Jian,ZHANG YueLi,LI Mei,FANG Feng. Resistance Level, Mechanism of Alopecurus myosuroides and Control Efficacy in Wheat Field in Shandong Province[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(17): 3518-3526.

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图/表 5

表1

图1

表2

大穗看麦娘种群对唑啉草酯、炔草酯和精噁唑禾草灵抗性水平测定"

药剂 Herbicide	种群编号 Number of population	回归方程 Regression equation (y=)	相关系数Correlation coefficient	GR₅₀ (g·hm^-2) (95% CL)	GR₉₀ (g·hm^-2) (95% CL)	相对抗性指数 RI
唑啉草酯 Pinoxaden	1	4.6163+1.2066x	0.9429	1.64 (1.01-2.38)	19.63 (15.24-26.10)	1.00
	2	4.7433+1.1897x	0.9777	1.87 (1.23-2.56)	19.11 (11.48-26.95)	1.14
	3	4.4679+1.3224x	0.9325	2.53 (1.74-3.40)	23.52 (18.61-30.79)	1.54
	4	4.4646+1.2843x	0.9502	2.61 (1.81-3.50)	26.00 (20.39-34.45)	1.59
	5	4.5855+1.3372x	0.9399	2.04 (1.35-2.82)	18.55 (14.76-24.00)	1.24
	6	4.4631+1.3000x	0.9448	2.59 (1.80-3.47)	25.05 (19.72-33.04)	1.58
	7	4.3568+1.4520x	0.9436	2.77 (1.97-3.64)	21.16 (17.06-27.00)	1.69
	8	4.3950+1.3983x	0.9624	2.71 (1.91-3.58)	22.34 (17.88-28.80)	1.65
	9	4.2807+1.4417x	0.9605	3.15 (2.30-4.09)	24.42 (19.60-31.47)	1.92
炔草酯Clodinafop-propargyl	1	4.3066+1.8352x	0.9850	2.39 (1.67-3.14)	11.92 (9.93-14.31)	1.48
	2	4.4946+1.8619x	0.9777	1.87 (1.23-2.56)	9.11 (7.48-10.95)	1.16
	3	4.5096+1.5318x	0.9777	2.09 (1.40-2.84)	14.35 (11.68-17.81)	1.30
	4	4.6245+1.3635x	0.9672	1.89 (1.22-2.63)	16.42 (13.11-20.96)	1.17
	5	4.6924+1.4791x	0.9567	1.61 (1.00-2.30)	11.87 (9.54-14.79)	1.00
	6	4.6894+1.3348x	0.9451	1.71 (1.07-2.43)	15.59 (12.39-19.95)	1.06
	7	4.5763+1.5889x	0.9668	1.85 (1.20-2.56)	11.84 (9.64-14.55)	1.15
	8	4.6349+1.6640x	0.9714	1.66 (1.04-2.33)	9.76 (7.91-11.92)	1.03
	9	4.6081+1.5914x	0.9655	1.76 (1.13-2.46)	11.26 (9.15-13.83)	1.09
精噁唑禾草灵Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl	1	4.5516+0.8188x	0.9957	3.53 (2.30-5.00)	109.64 (81.12-143.70)	1.19
	2	4.5643+0.9184x	0.9905	2.98 (1.96-4.18)	74.12 (50.63-121.29)	1.01
	3	4.4032+1.0545x	0.8808	3.68 (2.60-4.91)	60.42 (43.52-91.13)	1.24
	4	4.5766+0.8415x	0.9975	3.19 (2.06-4.52)	106.16 (68.36-190.72)	1.08
	5	4.3503+1.1587x	0.9857	3.64 (2.62-4.78)	46.42 (34.74-66.17)	1.23
	6	4.5167+0.9471x	0.9859	3.24 (2.18-4.47)	73.04 (50.41-117.56)	1.09
	7	4.4059+1.0140x	0.8687	3.85 (2.71-5.16)	70.75 (49.89-110.14)	1.30
	8	4.4943+1.0737x	0.8882	2.96 (2.03-4.02)	56.20 (33.99-67.46)	1.00
	9	4.4054+1.0744x	0.8835	3.58 (2.53-4.77)	55.75 (40.56-82.86)	1.21

表2

表3

表4

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药剂 Herbicide	种群编号 Number of population	回归方程 Regression equation (y=)	相关系数Correlation coefficient	GR₅₀ (g·hm^-2) (95% CL)	GR₉₀(g·hm^-2) (95% CL)	相对抗性指数 RI
甲基二磺隆Mesosulfuron-methyl	1	4.8011+1.2453x	0.9756	1.44 (1.02-1.92)	15.44 (11.96-20.90)	2.03
	2	5.0663+1.1225x	0.9932	0.87 (0.54-1.26)	12.10 (9.23-16.55)	1.23
	3	4.8753+1.5563x	0.9535	1.20 (0.47-2.08)	8.01 (5.19-13.43)	1.69
	4	5.0964+1.1904x	0.9342	0.83 (0.27-1.58)	9.90 (6.10-18.34)	1.17
	5	5.2020+1.8078x	0.9292	0.77 (0.48-1.10)	3.95 (3.18-4.80)	1.08
	6	5.1410+1.0520x	0.9019	0.73 (0.43-1.10)	12.14 (9.12-16.95)	1.03
	7	5.2486+1.6669x	0.9241	0.71 (0.43-1.03)	4.17 (3.33-5.11)	1.00
	8	4.2554+0.7059x	0.9752	11.34 (7.96-17.07)	741.59 (315.44-2558.27)	15.97
	9	4.9515+1.9814x	0.9770	1.06 (0.73-1.41)	4.69 (3.90-5.58)	1.49
啶磺草胺 Pyroxsulam	1	5.2960+1.1712x	0.9327	0.56 (0.31-0.87)	6.94 (5.34-9.15)	1.65
	2	5.3536+1.1046x	0.9361	0.48 (0.25-0.77)	6.92 (5.24-9.27)	1.41
	3	5.1644+1.1325x	0.9221	0.72 (0.42-1.06)	9.69 (7.44-13.06)	2.12
	4	5.3877+1.4096x	0.9643	0.53 (0.29-0.82)	4.31 (3.33-5.45)	1.56
	5	5.3531+1.2250x	0.9413	0.51 (0.27-0.81)	5.73 (4.40-7.44)	1.50
	6	5.3454+0.7355x	0.8265	0.34 (0.14-0.63)	18.74 (12.40-32.00)	1.00
	7	5.2316+0.8877x	0.8704	0.55 (0.28-0.89)	15.23 (10.85-23.08)	1.62
	8	4.4847+0.4271x	0.9471	16.09 (9.07-35.02)	1613.87 (241.47-5545.1)	47.32
	9	6.0290+1.3518x	0.9271	0.34 (0.24-0.69)	11.54 (6.83-20.28)	1.00

药剂 Herbicide	30 d	冬后拔节期Jointing stage (2018-04-04)
药剂 Herbicide	株防效Plant control efficacy (%)	株防效Plant control efficacy (%)	鲜重防效Fresh weight control efficacy (%)
甲基二磺隆Mesosulfuron-methyl	59.1±4.2aA	89.3±2.6bA	88.6±2.6bAB
啶磺草胺Pyroxsulam	56.2±3.5aA	78.4±4.1bA	72.2±2.1bB
氟唑磺隆Flucarbazone-Na	45.9±5.1aA	38.7±2.5cB	16.5±4.6cC
唑啉草酯Pinoxaden	69.0±2.6aA	98.0±0.2aA	98.6±0.2aA
炔草酯Clodinafop-propargyl	67.9±3.2aA	99.2±0.3aA	99.3±0.1aA
精噁唑禾草灵Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl	59.4±2.6aA	96.8±1.0aA	96.2±0.3aA

药剂 Herbicide	15 d	30 d
药剂 Herbicide	株防效Plant control efficacy (%)	株防效Plant control efficacy (%)	鲜重防效Fresh weight control efficacy (%)
甲基二磺隆Mesosulfuron-methyl	51.2±5.2aA	83.2±2.1bB	78.2±2.8cB
啶磺草胺Pyroxsulam	49.2±4.6aA	75.2±1.6cC	68.6±3.2dB
氟唑磺隆Flucarbazone-Na	25.2±3.5bB	19.6±3.2dD	12.5±5.1eC
唑啉草酯Pinoxaden	61.2±4.1aA	92.2±1.5aA	89.1±1.1aA
炔草酯Clodinafop-propargyl	45.2±3.5aA	90.2±1.2aA	87.1±1.2aA
精噁唑禾草灵Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl	42.6±6.2aA	87.6±2.1bB	82.6±1.3bB