中国农业科学 ›› 2013, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (20): 4293-4300.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2013.20.012

• 土壤肥料·节水灌溉·农业生态环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

激光衍射法测定中国典型土壤颗粒分布的模型建立与验证

 吴焕焕12, 吕家珑2, 段英华1, 张文菊1, 徐明岗1   

  1. 1.中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/农业部植物营养与肥料重点实验室,北京 100081
    2.西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌 712100
  • 收稿日期:2013-02-25 出版日期:2013-10-15 发布日期:2013-06-25
  • 通讯作者: 通信作者徐明岗,Tel:010-82105636;E-mail:xuminggang@caas.cn
  • 作者简介:吴焕焕,Tel:15010323267;E-mail:hhwu0624@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    公益性行业农业科研专项(201203030)、国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD05B05、2012BAD14B04、2011BAD16B15)

Establishment and Validation of Model of Soil Particle Size Distribution of Main Soils in China by Laser Diffraction Method

 WU  Huan-Huan-12, 吕Jia-Long-2 , DUAN  Ying-Hua-1, ZHANG  Wen-Ju-1, XU  Ming-Gang-1   

  1. 1.Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Nutrition and Fertilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081
    2.College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi
  • Received:2013-02-25 Online:2013-10-15 Published:2013-06-25

摘要: 【目的】探讨快速测定中国典型土壤粒径分布的方法,提高土壤颗粒粒径分布测定的准确性。【方法】采用激光衍射法和传统吸管法(简称吸管法)对比研究中国15个省20种不同类型土壤的颗粒分布。【结果】激光法和吸管法测定的砂粒、粉粒和黏粒含量均呈显著的线性正相关。其中,激光法测定的黏粒和砂粒含量比吸管法测定的值平均低73.4 g•kg-1和59.6 g•kg-1,而粉粒含量平均较吸管法高131.2 g•kg-1。通过建立土壤粒径的累积分布曲线函数,建立了两种方法测定结果的转换模型。激光法测出的土壤颗粒粒径累积分布曲线函数为:y=1 000x/(b+x)(x代表粒径大小,y代表小于该粒径的颗粒所占的质量)。吸管法测得的相应粒径累积曲线函数为y=1 000x/(1.32b-1.01+x)。根据该函数得到的土壤颗粒粒径质量百分含量查质地分类三角图,即可判断土壤的质地类型。【结论】激光粒度仪检测结果通过转换模型修正,可以较好地反映土壤机械组成及土壤质地情况,可以快速准确地用于土壤颗粒组成的测定。

关键词: 土壤粒度分布 , 土壤质地 , 激光衍射法 , 吸管法 , 转换模型

Abstract: 【Objective】 To improve the accuracy of method measuring soil particle size distribution, the new method was studied. 【Method】 Twenty soil samples collected from 15 provinces were determined by Laser Diffraction Method and Pipette Method. 【Result】 Results show that a significant relationship was found between the clay sand contents determined by two different methods. The clay and sand content determined by using the Laser Diffraction Method were obviously lower than that by using the Pipette Method (73.4 g•kg-1 and 59.6 g•kg-1), while the silt content by using the former method was higher than that by using the latter (131.2 g•kg-1). A new alternative model between the two methods was found by studying the particle size cumulative distribution. If the function fitted by particle size cumulative distribution by using Laser Method of a soil is y=1 000x/(b+x), then the function by using Pipette Method is y=1000x/(1.32b-1.01+x). 【Conclusion】 The soil texture can be judged by the value calculated based on the latter function. The findings demonstrate that data from the Laser Diffraction Method can be directly used to classify soil texture.

Key words: soil particle size distribution , soil texture , Laser Diffraction Method , Pipette Method , alternative model