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Abstract: The objective of this paper is to introduce the technical content, research progress, application impact, and future prospect of crop precision cultivation (CPC). The contents of CPC include digital design, information sensing and dynamic simulation of the objects and processes of crop cultivation system and thus realizing quantitative and precise crop management, based on integration of system science, information technology and crop cultivation. During the recent years, Chinese-style CPC technology has been developed by thorough and systematic research on the key techniques and application systems of crop precision cultivation, and remarkable advances have been achieved in three areas of CPC technology as precision design of crop cultivation plan, precision diagnosis of crop growth status, and precision prediction of crop productivity. Among them crop cultivation plan design is based on local production factors, crop growth monitoring and diagnosis is based on canopy spectral reflectance, and crop yield and quality prediction is based on growth process models. The future prospect of CPC is directed toward integrating and coupling crop cultivation with simulation technique, sensing technique, and decision support technique, and improving the key techniques for design of crop cultivation plan, diagnosis of crop growth status, and prediction of crop productivity from the field to regional scales. Further, the comprehensive software and hardware systems on the basis of CPC technology should be constructed and applied for realizing informatization of crop production management and promoting development of smart agriculture. Crop precision cultivation will be helpful to enhancement of the management level and production output, and facilitation of the progress of informatization and modernization of agricultural industry.

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