三聚氰胺对蛋鸭产蛋性能、血清指标和肝肾组织结构的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2010.05.021

中国农业科学 ›› 2010, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (5): 1050-1056 .doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2010.05.021

三聚氰胺对蛋鸭产蛋性能、血清指标和肝肾组织结构的影响

高春起,武书庚,齐广海,岳洪源,张海军,刘福柱

（西北农林科技大学动物科技学院）

收稿日期:2009-09-04 修回日期:2009-11-06 出版日期:2010-03-01 发布日期:2010-03-01
通讯作者: 刘福柱

Effect of Melamine on the Laying Performance, Serum Parameters and Liver, Kidney Tissue Structure of Ducks

GAO Chun-qi, WU Shu-geng, QI Guang-hai, YUE Hong-yuan, ZHANG Hai-jun, LIU Fu-zhu

（西北农林科技大学动物科技学院）

Received:2009-09-04 Revised:2009-11-06 Online:2010-03-01 Published:2010-03-01
Contact: LIU Fu-zhu

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】日粮三聚氰胺（melamine, MEL）对蛋鸭产蛋性能、血清生化指标和组织结构的影响,寻找MEL产生毒性的敏感指标,为制定和控制蛋鸭饲料中MEL限量提供数据。【方法】选择648只19周龄体重（1.66±0.16kg）、产蛋率（75.15±3.29%）相近的健康金定产蛋鸭,随机分成6个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复18只产蛋鸭。6种试验日粮的MEL添加水平分别为：0、1、5、25、50和100 mg•kg-1。试验期21d。【结果】日粮添加MEL对蛋鸭采食量和饲料转化率无显著影响（P＞0.05）,随着日粮MEL含量的增加,平均蛋重和产蛋率呈逐渐降低的趋势,血清尿素氮（BUN）和肾脏指数显著升高（P＜0.05）,肌酐（CRE）和谷丙转氨酶（ALT）活性均有升高趋势（P＞0.05）。肾脏组织病变加剧,肝脏组织也有不同程度的损伤。【结论】MEL对肾脏和肝脏可产生不同程度的损伤,但对蛋鸭产蛋性能无显著影响。血清BUN和肾脏指数可作为衡量MEL对产蛋鸭毒性的敏感指标。

关键词: 三聚氰胺, 蛋鸭, 血清指标, 肝肾组织结构, 产蛋性能

Abstract:

【Objective】 The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary melamine (MEL) supplementation on the performance, serum parameters and tissue structure of Jinding laying ducks in order to provide a scientific basis for establishment of MEL limit standard in the feed of laying ducks. 【Method】 Six hundred and fourty-eight Jinding laying ducks of 19 weeks old were randomly divided into 6 groups, each of which was replicated 6 times with 18 ducks per replicate. Birds in different replicates had similar average egg weight (1.66±0.16kg) and egg production (75.15±3.29%). 【Result】 The results showed that feed intake and feed conversion ratio were not significantly affected by dietary MEL supplementation (P＞0.05), but the egg weight and egg production tended to be decreased with melamine supplementation levels in the diets (P＞0.05);Dietary MEL supplementation increased urea nitrogen (BUN) level and kidney index significantly (P＜0.05). Blood creatinine (CRE) and alanine transaminase (ALT) tended to increase with the increasing of dietary MEL addition. Dietary MEL supplementation resulted in toxic effects on the kidney. The higher dosage of MEL in the diet, the more injury to the kidney. Dietary MEL addition also produced minor injury to the liver. 【Conclusion】 Dietary MEL supplementation could cause various injuries to the kidney and liver while no obvious effect on performance of laying ducks. Serum BUN and kidney index can be used as a sensitive index to reflect the toxicity of MEL on laying ducks.

Key words: melamine, laying duck, biochemical index, tissue structure, performance

高春起,武书庚,齐广海,岳洪源,张海军,刘福柱 . 三聚氰胺对蛋鸭产蛋性能、血清指标和肝肾组织结构的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2010, 43(5): 1050-1056 .

GAO Chun-qi,WU Shu-geng,QI Guang-hai,YUE Hong-yuan,ZHANG Hai-jun,LIU Fu-zhu
. Effect of Melamine on the Laying Performance, Serum Parameters and Liver, Kidney Tissue Structure of Ducks
[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2010, 43(5): 1050-1056 .

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三聚氰胺对蛋鸭产蛋性能、血清指标和肝肾组织结构的影响

Effect of Melamine on the Laying Performance, Serum Parameters and Liver, Kidney Tissue Structure of Ducks

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