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Rural transformation, income growth, and poverty reduction by region in China in the past four decades
SHI Peng-fei, HUANG Ji-kun
2023, 22 (12): 3582-3595.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.10.037
Abstract132)      PDF in ScienceDirect      

China has experienced rapid rural transformation in the past four decades.  Accompanying the rapid transformation is a significant rise in rural household income and a substantial fall in rural poverty.  This paper examines the evolutions of and the relationships between rural transformation (high-value agriculture and rural non-farm employment) and its outcomes (per capita rural income and rural poverty incidence) using provincial-level ata.  The results show that 31 provinces/autonomous regions/municipalities have undergone significant rural transformation, but the level and speed of rural transformation differed considerably.  Moreover, an increased level of rural transformation is often associated with higher per capita rural income and reduced rural poverty incidence.  Notably, a category of provincial rural transformation based on high-value agriculture and rural non-farm employment is also analyzed.  We further discuss the likely impacts of institutions, policies, and investments (IPIs) on rural transformation and conclude with policy implications.

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Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on rural poverty and policy responses in China
LUO Ren-fu, LIU Cheng-fang, GAO Jing-jing, WANG Tian-yi, ZHI Hua-yong, SHI Peng-fei, HUANG Ji-kun
2020, 19 (12): 2946-2964.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63426-8
Abstract137)      PDF in ScienceDirect      
Given the sudden outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, a timely study on the impacts of and policy response to the pandemic on rural poverty in China is critically important because China has aimed to completely eradicate extreme poverty by the end of 2020.  This paper uses data from the latest round of a nationally representative household panel survey to examine the impacts of the pandemic on rural poverty in China.  Our data show that 11.9% of sample households were ever officially registered as poor households between 2013 and 2019, and this poverty incidence fell to 2.7% by the end of 2019.  In the middle February of 2020, 23% of the households who have graduated from poverty since 2013 perceived that they would fall back into poverty due to the COVID-19.  Among those never poor households, 7.1% perceived that they would possibly fall into poverty due to the pandemic.  Results from both descriptive and multivariate analyses consistently show the interruptions that the pandemic caused in off-farm employment is an important channel that led households to perceive of falling back into or falling into poverty.  We also find households in the bottom four quintiles when ranked in terms of household income per capita are much more likely to perceive themselves of falling back into or falling into poverty during this pandemic than those in the richest quintile.  Meanwhile, our results show that the education and age of household heads, as well as being from Hubei Province matter in explaining household perception about falling back into or falling into poverty in some cases but not all.  The paper concludes with a set of policy responses that China has taken to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on poverty alleviation. 
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Yield and quality of maize stover: Variation among cultivars and effects of N fertilization
LIANG Ming-yuan, WANG Gui-yan, LIANG Wei-li, SHI Peng-fei, DANG Jing, SUI Peng, HU Chun-sheng
2015, 14 (8): 1581-1587.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(15)61077-2
Abstract2116)      PDF in ScienceDirect      
Biomass yields and concentrations of crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and crude fiber (CF) were analyzed for five cultivars of summer-sown maize (Zea mays L.) stover grown in field trials at three rates of N fertilization, and sampled immediately after grain harvest. The results revealed differences in yields and concentrations of nutrients according to stalk height and hence harvest portion among the cultivars. N application greatly increased biomass yield and CP, especially in upper stalks and to a lesser extent, EE. Concentrations of NDF and ADF decreased as N rate increased. The results show that stovers from all local popular maize cultivars are suitable as animal fodder and that moderate N application improves feed quality of stover.
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