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Genome-wide identification, molecular evolution, and functional characterization of fructokinase gene family in apple reveal its role in improving salinity tolerance
Jing Su, Lingcheng Zhu, Pingxing Ao, Jianhui Shao, Chunhua Ma
2024, 23 (11): 3723-3736.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.09.001
Abstract191)      PDF in ScienceDirect      
Fructokinase (FRK) is a regulator of fructose signaling in plants and gateway proteins that catalyze the initial step in fructose metabolism through phosphorylation.  Our previous study demonstrated that MdFRK2 protein exhibit not only high affinity for fructose, but also high enzymatic activity due to sorbitol.  However, genome-wide identification of the MdFRK gene family and their evolutionary dynamics in apple are yet to be reported.  A systematic genome-wide analysis in this study identified a total of nine MdFRK gene members, which could phylogenetically be clustered into seven groups.  Chromosomal location and synteny analysis of MdFRKs revealed that their expansion in the apple genome is primarily driven by tandem and segmental duplication events.  Divergent expression patterns of MdFRKs were observed in four source-sink tissues and at five different apple fruit developmental stages, which suggested their potential crucial roles in the apple fruit development and sugar accumulation.  Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) identified candidate NaCl or drought stress responsive MdFRKs, and transgenic apple plants overexpressing MdFRK2 exhibited considerably enhanced salinity tolerance.  Our results will be useful for understanding the functions of MdFRKs in the regulation of apple fruit development and salt stress response.


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Telecoupled land-use changes in distant countries
Jing Sun, TONG Yu-xin, Jianguo Liu
2017, 16 (02): 368-376.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(16)61528-9
Abstract1203)      PDF in ScienceDirect      
International food trade has become a key driving force of agricultural land-use changes in trading countries, which has influenced food production and the global environment.  Researchers have studied agricultural land-use changes and related environmental issues across multi-trading countries together, but most studies rely on statistic data without spatial attributes.  However, agricultural land-use changes are spatially heterogeneous.  Uncovering spatial attributes can reveal more critical information that is of scientific significance and has policy implications for enhancing food security and protecting the environment.  Based on an integrated framework of telecoupling (socioeconomic and environmental interactions over distances), we studied spatial attributes of soybean land changes within and among trading countries at the same time.  Three distant countries - Brazil, China, and the United States - constitute an excellent example of telecoupled systems through the process of soybean trade.  Our results presented the spatial distribution of soybean land changes - highlighting the hotspots of soybean gain and soybean loss, and indicated these changes were spatially clustered, different across multi-spatial scales, and varied among the trading countries.  Assisted by the results, global challenges like food security and biodiversity loss within and among trading countries can be targeted and managed efficiently.  Our work provides simultaneously spatial information for understanding agricultural land-use changes caused by international food trade globally, highlights the needs of coordination among trading countries, and promotes global sustainability.
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