基于伏马毒素含量的拟轮枝镰孢穗腐病抗性评价体系探索

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.10.007

中国农业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (10): 2154-2164.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.10.007

基于伏马毒素含量的拟轮枝镰孢穗腐病抗性评价体系探索

孙华¹(), 安晓玲¹^,², 郑晓娟¹, 张硕¹, 郭宁¹, 石洁¹(), 刘树森¹, 张海剑¹, 马红霞¹

¹ 河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所/国家植保微生物种质资源库（河北）/河北省农业有害生物综合防治技术创新中心/河北省作物有害生物综合防治国际科技联合研究中心，河北保定 071000
² 河北农业大学农学院/国家玉米改良中心河北分中心/河北省作物种质资源实验室，河北保定 071001

收稿日期:2026-01-20 接受日期:2026-02-08 出版日期:2026-05-16 发布日期:2026-05-20
通信作者:
石洁，E-mail：shij99@163.com
联系方式: 孙华，E-mail：1550416593@qq.com。
基金资助:
河北省农林科学院现代农业科技创新专项(2022KJCXZX-ZBS-2); 国家玉米产业技术体系(CARS-02)

Exploration of Resistance Evaluation System to Fusarium Ear Rot Based on Fumonisin Content

SUN Hua¹(), AN XiaoLing¹^,², ZHENG XiaoJuan¹, ZHANG Shuo¹, GUO Ning¹, SHI Jie¹(), LIU ShuSen¹, ZHANG HaiJian¹, MA HongXia¹

¹ Plant Protection Institute, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/National Collection of Plant-Associated Microbes (Hebei)/IPM Innovation Center of Hebei Province/International Science and Technology Joint Research Center on IPM of Hebei Province, Baoding 071000, Hebei
² College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University/Hebei Sub-Center of National Maize Improvement Center/Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Hebei, Baoding 071001, Hebei

Received:2026-01-20 Accepted:2026-02-08 Published:2026-05-16 Online:2026-05-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】玉米穗腐病严重影响玉米产量和质量，培育和种植抗病品种是最经济有效的防治措施。目前，穗腐病抗性品种的选育主要针对病害发生程度，病害发生后籽粒内的毒素积累则容易被忽视。本研究旨在建立一种基于伏马毒素含量的拟轮枝镰孢（Fusarium verticillioides）穗腐病抗性评价体系，为选育具有产毒抗性的玉米新品种提供依据。【方法】通过针刺接种法将含有绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）标记的拟轮枝镰孢接种到郑单958果穗上，调查病原菌在果穗上的侵染及产毒情况。将拟轮枝镰孢接种到36份玉米主栽品种上，采用现行标准对其进行抗性评价，并采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）测定各品种籽粒中伏马毒素含量，分析毒素含量与平均病级的相关性，并基于伏马毒素含量比值构建玉米品种对拟轮枝镰孢穗腐病的抗性评价体系，用该评价体系和现行行业标准同时评价142份自交系对拟轮枝镰孢穗腐病的抗性。【结果】玉米果穗被拟轮枝镰孢侵染后除了肉眼可见的霉烂籽粒，还存在无症状感染籽粒，这些籽粒不仅影响对穗腐病发生程度的判断，还会提高籽粒中伏马毒素含量。籽粒中伏马毒素含量与平均病级间呈中度相关关系（r=0.39），表明依据平均病级无法筛选出抗伏马毒素产生的品种。因此，基于籽粒中伏马毒素含量比值构建了玉米品种对拟轮枝镰孢穗腐病的抗性评价体系：伏马毒素含量比值<0.45，高抗（HR）；0.45≤伏马毒素含量比值<0.65，抗病（R）；0.65≤伏马毒素含量比值<0.85，中抗（MR）；0.85≤伏马毒素含量比值<1.25，感病（S）；伏马毒素含量比值≥1.25，高感（HS）。在142份自交系中，两种评价方法的符合率仅为14.79%，但有37.32%的自交系在两种评价方法中均表现中抗及以上水平。【结论】基于籽粒中伏马毒素含量比值构建了一种用于评价玉米品种对拟轮枝镰孢穗腐病抗性的新体系，该体系与现行标准的符合率仅为14.79%，两种方法结合可为筛选和培育兼具抗病与抗产毒“双重抗性”的玉米种质/品种提供新方法。

关键词: 玉米穗腐病, 拟轮枝镰孢, 伏马毒素, 抗性

Abstract:

【Objective】Maize ear rot severely impacts maize yield and quality, cultivating and planting resistant varieties is the most economical and effective prevention measure. Currently, the breeding of resistant varieties for maize ear rot mainly focuses on the severity of disease occurrence, while the accumulation of toxins within the kernels after disease occurrence is easily overlooked. This study aims to establish a resistance evaluation system to Fusarium ear rot based on fumonisin content, and to provide a basis for the breeding of new maize varieties with resistance to toxin production.【Method】The F. verticillioides with GFP-labeled was inoculated into the ears of Zhengdan 958 using the acupuncture inoculation method, then the infection and toxin production of the pathogen on the ears were investigated. The F. verticillioides was inoculated into 36 main cultivated maize varieties, and their resistance was evaluated according to the current standard, the fumonisin content in kernels of each variety was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the correlation between the fumonisin content and the average disease grade was analyzed, and a resistance evaluation system for maize varieties against Fusarium ear rot was constructed based on the fumonisin content ratio. Using this evaluation system and the current industry standard simultaneously, the resistance of 142 inbred lines to Fusarium ear rot was evaluated.【Result】After the maize ears were infected by F. verticillioides, in addition to the visibly moldy kernels, there were also kernels that were symptomless but still infected. These asymptomatic kernels not only affect the judgment of the severity of ear rot occurrence, but also increase the content of fumonisin in kernels. The fumonisin content in kernels was moderately correlated with the average disease grade (r=0.39), indicating that it is impossible to select resistant varieties against fumonisin production based solely on the average disease grade. Therefore, the resistance evaluation system for maize varieties to Fusarium ear rot was established based on the fumonisin content ratio in kernels: the fumonisin content ratio<0.45, highly resistant (HR); 0.45≤the fumonisin content ratio<0.65, resistant (R); 0.65≤the fumonisin content ratio<0.85, moderately resistant (MR); 0.85≤the fumonisin content ratio<1.25, susceptible (S); the fumonisin content ratio≥1.25, highly susceptible (HS). Among the 142 inbred lines, the concordance rate between the two evaluation methods was only 14.79%, but 37.32% of the inbred lines showed moderate or higher resistance in both evaluation methods.【Conclusion】Based on the fumonisin content ratio in kernels, a new system for evaluating the resistance of maize varieties to Fusarium ear rot was established. The concordance rate between this system and the current standard was only 14.79%. The combination of these two evaluation methods provides a new method for screening and cultivating “dual resistance” maize germplasm/varieties that possess both disease resistance and fumonisin production resistance.

Key words: maize ear rot, Fusarium verticillioides, fumonisin, resistance

孙华, 安晓玲, 郑晓娟, 张硕, 郭宁, 石洁, 刘树森, 张海剑, 马红霞. 基于伏马毒素含量的拟轮枝镰孢穗腐病抗性评价体系探索[J]. 中国农业科学, 2026, 59(10): 2154-2164.

SUN Hua, AN XiaoLing, ZHENG XiaoJuan, ZHANG Shuo, GUO Ning, SHI Jie, LIU ShuSen, ZHANG HaiJian, MA HongXia. Exploration of Resistance Evaluation System to Fusarium Ear Rot Based on Fumonisin Content[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(10): 2154-2164.

图/表 5

图1

图2

图3

表1

两种评价方法下142份自交系对拟轮枝镰孢穗腐病的抗性水平"

品种 Variety	标准NY/T1248.8—2016 Standard NY/T1248.8—2016		本研究抗性评价体系 Resistance evaluation system in this study		品种 Variety		标准NY/T1248.8—2016 Standard NY/T1248.8—2016					本研究抗性评价体系 Resistance evaluation system in this study
品种 Variety	平均病级 Average disease grade	抗性 Resistance	伏马毒素含量比值 Fumonisin content ratio	抗性 Resistance	品种 Variety		平均病级 Average disease grade	抗性 Resistance				伏马毒素含量比值 Fumonisin content ratio	抗性 Resistance
X178	3.5	R	0.53	R	F351		1.3	HR				0.62	R
B73	7.0	S	1.47	HS	17INI20		6.0	S				4.46	HS
PH0DH	4.0	MR	0.72	MR	09DSS1		3.2	R				0.91	S
PH0HR	4.4	MR	1.20	S	PHKV0		2.8	R				1.70	HS
PH02T	4.7	MR	1.15	S	PH0AA		3.0	R				0.06	HR
PH04G	4.6	MR	0.10	HR	LH293		2.4	R				0.45	R
PH05F	2.8	R	2.62	HS	79314N1		3.1	R				1.09	S
PH05W	4.9	MR	1.13	S	LH261		7.8	HS				5.57	HS
PH06N	5.4	MR	1.16	S	PH1B8		3.0	R				0.27	HR
PH07D	2.4	R	1.61	HS	PH2KN		2.1	R				0.02	HR
PH08A	4.1	MR	1.01	S	PH1W0		4.4	MR				1.12	S
PH08B	6.4	S	5.31	HS	LH287		3.9	MR				0.50	R
PH09E	2.2	R	5.31	HS	LH245		3.7	MR				0.72	MR
PH12J	7.3	S	1.70	HS	PH0CD		4.4	MR				4.02	HS
PH17C	2.2	R	0.73	MR	PH1CN		1.7	R				0.15	HR
PH22G	4.9	MR	0.09	HR	PH1GC		4.5	MR				2.28	HS
PH24M	2.8	R	0.03	HR	PH24D		5.8	S				2.71	HS
PH32C	2.7	R	1.92	HS	PH0GP		4.0	MR				1.96	HS
PH21T	3.7	MR	2.72	HS	PH19V		2.6	R				0.48	R
PH1B5	4.4	MR	1.71	HS	PH189		4.6	MR				4.13	HS
PH0JG	4.5	MR	1.15	S	NP2015		5.6	S				0.72	MR
PH1TB	4.9	MR	0.62	R	PH0B3		3.1	R				0.67	MR
PH45A	4.7	MR	2.61	HS	PH0WE		2.3	R				0.92	S
PH0V0	4.7	MR	4.62	HS	PH1NF		1.1	HR				0.08	HR
PH12C	3.8	MR	1.17	S	SVAP7		7.1	S				0.36	HR
PH80B	6.0	S	2.47	HS	SVBE4		4.3	MR				1.80	HS
PH42B	3.3	R	0.72	MR	SVCI17		4.8	MR				1.17	S
01IZB2	4.3	MR	0.72	MR	MR724		2.3	R				2.38	HS
SNBM	2.8	R	0.04	HR	NR113		6.9	S				1.66	HS
ZS01228	4.3	MR	1.14	S	83INI14		6.9	S				1.08	S
3DHA9	5.3	MR	2.47	HS	PH3KP		5.4	MR				1.89	HS
01CSI6	2.0	R	0.04	HR	PH2VE		3.2	R				0.21	HR
90DJD28	2.0	R	0.13	HR	PH1CP		6.1	S				1.26	HS
LH300	4.7	MR	1.63	HS	PH2V7		2.7	R				0.94	S
LH238	1.7	R	0.73	MR	PH1EM		3.9	MR				0.23	HR
LH264	1.9	R	1.06	S	PH1M8		2.2	R		0.46			R
LH273	3.1	R	0.14	HR	PH1MD		3.8	MR		0.02			HR
LH286	6.0	S	1.95	HS	PH3EV		4.8	MR		0.45			R
ND288	5.9	S	1.35	HS	PH4TF		3.1	R		0.16			HR
09DSQ1	3.3	R	1.60	HS	PH9H3		3.0	R		1.05			S
17DHD7	1.9	R	0.15	HR	PH3GR		2.6	R		0.31			HR
70LDL5	5.2	MR	0.83	MR	PH3GK		5.7	S		1.20			S
NP2029	4.1	MR	5.84	HS	PH2VK		3.3	R		0.51			R
NP2151	2.1	R	0.86	S	PH2VJ		5.0	MR		1.02			S
NP2031	3.1	R	1.71	HS	PH0WD		3.3	R		0.29			HR
NP2115	4.5	MR	3.42	HS	PH224		3.6	MR		1.04			S
PH185	7.8	HS	3.54	HS	PH1MR		5.1	MR		0.93			S
PH54H	7.3	S	1.60	HS	PH1K2		5.6	S		0.26			HR
PH79A	2.6	R	0.73	MR	LH253		5.0	MR		0.84			MR
WDHQ11	2.7	R	1.99	HS	LH267		5.8	S		1.13			S
86ISI26	3.5	R	0.88	S	PH2N0		6.5	S		10.47			HS
86ISI27	3.4	R	1.40	HS	PH3P0		8.4	HS		3.55			HS
22DHQ3	2.3	R	0.95	S	PH8V0		6.7	S		4.48			HS
87ATD2	3.7	MR	0.95	S	LH266		5.7	S		0.33			HR
PH0B4	4.5	MR	1.52	HS	LH303		2.1	R		0.22			HR
NP2066	2.8	R	0.34	HR	LH277		6.4	S		1.13			S
PH77C	3.6	MR	0.79	MR	LH229		2.9	R		0.43			HR
17DHD16	4.4	MR	0.58	R	PH0KT		2.7	R		0.73			MR
01HGI4	4.5	MR	2.36	HS	PH5D6		2.7	R		0.39			HR
17INI30	5.7	S	0.97	S	PH3HH		4.5	MR		0.04			HR
17QFB1	7.2	S	5.21	HS	PH1BC		3.4	R		0.36			HR
94INK1A	8.8	HS	2.61	HS	PH2EJ		4.3	MR		0.39			HR
91ISI5	4.3	MR	1.87	HS	PH3PG		3.7	MR		0.94			S
PH0AV	6.6	S	1.57	HS	PH4TW		2.9	R		1.99			HS
PH1GG	4.9	MR	3.92	HS	PH4TV		4.2	MR		1.27			HS
PH2CB	2.9	R	1.23	S	GF6150		5.0	MR		0.69			MR
PH38D	3.6	MR	0.28	HR	PH48V		3.8	MR		0.41			HR
86AQV2	3.2	R	1.14	S	PH51H		7.3	S		1.36			HS
86ISI5	6.4	S	0.64	R	PH4PV	4.5			MR		0.37			HR
WDHQ2	2.7	R	0.32	HR	PH1GD	3.2			R		0.33			HR
83INI8	4.3	MR	1.59	HS	PH50P	6.0			S		1.51			HS
01HGI2	4.0	MR	0.92	S	PH5CT	5.2			MR		1.55			HS

表1

图4

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基于伏马毒素含量的拟轮枝镰孢穗腐病抗性评价体系探索

Exploration of Resistance Evaluation System to Fusarium Ear Rot Based on Fumonisin Content

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