中国农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (18): 3556-3564.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.18.007

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

马铃薯晚疫病菌对霜脲氰抗性动态监测及药效验证

路粉1(),孟润杰2(),吴杰1,赵建江1,李洋3,毕秋艳1,韩秀英1,李敬华1,王文桥1()   

  1. 1河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所/河北省农业有害生物综合防治工程技术研究中心/农业农村部华北北部作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,河北保定 071000
    2保定职业技术学院,河北保定 071051
    3滨州职业学院,山东滨州 256603
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-19 接受日期:2022-06-16 出版日期:2022-09-16 发布日期:2022-09-22
  • 通讯作者: 王文桥
  • 作者简介:路粉,E­mail: lufen1206@126.com。|孟润杰,E­mail: runjiem@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    河北省农林科学院科技创新专项(2022KJCXZX-ZBS-12);国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303023);国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(20130219);河北省自然科学基金青年基金(C2018301025)

Monitoring of Resistance Dynamics of Phytophthora infestans to Cymoxanil and Control Efficacy Validation of Cymoxanil-Containing Fungicides Against Potato Late Blight

Fen LU1(),RunJie MENG2(),Jie WU1,JianJiang ZHAO1,Yang LI3,QiuYan BI1,XiuYing HAN1,JingHua LI1,WenQiao WANG1()   

  1. 1Plant Protection Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences/Integrated Pest Management Center of Hebei Province/Key Laboratory for Integrated Management of Crop Pests in Northern Regions of North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Baoding 071000, Hebei
    2Baoding Vocational and Technical College, Baoding 071051, Hebei
    3Binzhou Polytechnic, Binzhou 256603, Shandong
  • Received:2022-04-19 Accepted:2022-06-16 Online:2022-09-16 Published:2022-09-22
  • Contact: WANG WenQiao

摘要:

【目的】监测河北、内蒙古和吉林北方一季作区马铃薯晚疫病菌(Phytophthora infestans)对霜脲氰的抗性时空动态,明确霜脲氰及其混剂对马铃薯晚疫病的田间防治效果,为马铃薯晚疫病菌抗药性治理和杀菌剂合理使用提供依据。【方法】2011—2019年共采集分离到824个马铃薯晚疫病菌单孢菌株,采用菌丝生长速率法测定其对霜脲氰的敏感性,并通过田间药效试验验证霜脲氰及其混剂对马铃薯晚疫病的防治效果。【结果】河北、内蒙古和吉林3个地区的马铃薯晚疫病菌群体对霜脲氰抗性水平较低且抗性发展缓慢,平均EC50、平均抗性倍数、抗性频率和抗性指数随着监测年限及地域的不同而波动,但整体上趋于低位平稳。不同年份检测的马铃薯晚疫病菌菌株对霜脲氰的平均EC50为0.06—0.44 μg·mL-1,平均抗性倍数为0.29—2.18,抗性指数为0.25—0.47。2011和2017年仅检测到敏感菌株,2012—2016年抗性菌株频率为1.90%—58.57%,2018年和2019年抗性菌株频率分别为20.83%和88.14%。不同省(自治区)的马铃薯晚疫病菌菌株对霜脲氰的平均EC50为0.17—0.18 μg·mL-1,平均抗性倍数为0.85—0.91,抗性频率为16.61%—22.22%,抗性指数为0.29—0.31。田间药效试验结果显示20%霜脲氰SC、72%霜脲氰·代森锰锌WP、52.5%噁唑菌酮·霜脲氰WG对马铃薯晚疫病防治效果为81.5%—87.1%,显著高于68%精甲霜灵·代森锰锌WG的防治效果(61.8%—69.3%)。【结论】河北、内蒙古和吉林3个地区的马铃薯晚疫病菌群体对霜脲氰总体上保持敏感,霜脲氰单剂及其与代森锰锌或噁唑菌酮的混剂对晚疫病仍有良好防治效果。在马铃薯晚疫病菌对甲霜灵和精甲霜灵产生抗性的地区,20%霜脲氰SC、72%霜脲氰·代森锰锌WP和52.5%噁唑菌酮·霜脲氰WG可作为苯基酰胺类杀菌剂的替代药剂使用,但仍需密切监测马铃薯晚疫病菌对霜脲氰的田间抗性发生动态,限制霜脲氰及混剂一个生长季节的使用不超过两次且与不同作用机理的杀菌剂交替或者混合使用。

关键词: 马铃薯晚疫病菌, 霜脲氰, 抗性动态, 霜脲氰混剂, 田间防治效果

Abstract:

【Objective】The objective of this study is to clarify the temporal and spatial dynamics of resistance to cymoxanil of Phytophthora infestans from potato of Hebei Province, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Jilin Province, assess the control efficacy of cymoxanil and the mixed fungicides containing cymoxanil against potato late blight, and to provide the clues for the management of resistance of P. infestans to cymoxanil and the rational use of cymoxanil for control of potato late blight.【Method】The sensitivities to cymoxanil of 824 single-sporangial strains of P. infestans collected from main potato production areas of Hebei Province, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Jilin Province from 2011 to 2019 were measured by the mycelial growth inhibition test. Also the control efficacies of cymoxanil and the mixed fungicides containing cymoxanil to potato late blight were evaluated in the fields.【Result】The population of P. infestans of Hebei Province, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Jilin Province slowly developed low resistance to cymoxanil. The average EC50, average resistance factor, resistance frequency and resistance index of P. infestans to cymoxanil fluctuated over years of monitoring and locations of sampling, and tended to keep low-level and even. The average EC50, average resistance factor and resistance index of P. infestans strains over years to cymoxanil were 0.06-0.44 μg·mL-1, 0.29-2.18, and 0.25-0.47, respectively. Only sensitive strains were detected in 2011 and 2017. The resistance frequency of P. infestans to cymoxanil from 2012 to 2016 was 1.90%-58.57%. The resistance frequency of P. infestans to cymoxanil in 2018 and 2019 was 20.83% and 88.14%, respectively. The average EC50, average resistance factor, resistance frequency and resistance index of P. infestans strains in different provinces (Autonomous Region) to cymoxanil were 0.17-0.18 μg·mL-1, 0.85-0.91, 16.61%-22.22%, and 0.29-0.31, respectively. The result of field trials on control efficacy of fungicides showed that cymoxanil 20% SC, cymoxanil·mancozeb 72% WP and famoxadone·cymoxanil 52.5% WG provided the control efficacies of 81.5%-87.1% against potato late blight, which were significantly higher than those (61.8%-69.3%) given by mefenoxam·mancozeb 68% WG.【Conclusion】P. infestans population of Hebei Province, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Jilin Province remained sensitive to cymoxanil on the whole, currently. Cymoxanil 20% SC and the mixed fungicides cymoxanil·mancozeb 72% WP and famoxadone·cymoxanil 52.5% WG still had high efficacies in control of potato late blight. Thus, in the areas where P. infestans widely developed high resistance to metalaxyl and mefenoxam, cymoxanil 20% SC, cymoxanil·mancozeb 72% WP and famoxadone·cymoxanil 52.5% WG could be used instead of the phenylamide fungicides. But it was necessary to monitor the dynamics of resistance to cymoxanil of P. infestans, and limit the application times of cymoxanil singly or in mixtures within twice per growth season and apply the fungicides containing cymoxanil in rotation or in mixture with the fungicides of different action modes.

Key words: Phytophthora infestans, cymoxanil, resistance dynamics, mixed fungicides containing cymoxanil, control efficacy in field