基肥配施和拔节期追氮对糯玉米粉糊化特性的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2013.05.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】明确氮、磷、钾基肥配施和拔节期追氮量对糯玉米粉糊化特性的影响。【方法】以国家南方区糯玉米区域试验对照品种苏玉糯5号和渝糯7号为材料，采用裂区设计，研究氮、磷、钾基肥配施和拔节期追氮对糯玉米粉糊化特性的影响。【结果】基肥配施和拔节期追氮单因素及其互作对糯玉米粉糊化特征值有显著影响。基肥配施对糊化特征值（崩解值除外）的影响大于拔节期追氮处理。基肥配施处理下，氮磷钾均施时糯玉米粉糊化温度适中，其它糊化特征值较高；随着拔节期追氮量增加，峰值黏度、谷值黏度、终值黏度和崩解值呈先升后降趋势，回复值逐渐增加，糊化温度相对稳定。秋播糯玉米峰值黏度、谷值黏度、终值黏度较高，回复值、崩解值和糊化温度较低。与渝糯7号相比，苏玉糯5号具有较低的峰值黏度、崩解值，较高的谷值黏度、终值黏度、回复值和糊化温度。相关分析表明，峰值黏度、谷值黏度、崩解值和终值黏度两两显著正相关，且回复值与谷值黏度和终值黏度显著正相关。【结论】糯玉米生产中，秋播处理下氮、磷、钾均衡基施并拔节期适量追氮，可调优糯玉米糊化特性。

关键词: 糯玉米粉 , 糊化特性 , 基肥配施 , 拔节期追氮

Abstract: 【Objective】 The objective of the experiment is to understand the effects of basic fertilizer ratio and N topdressing at jointing stage on pasting properties of waxy maize flours.【Method】 The effects of different basic fertilizer ratio (N, P, K was single or mix applied, 75 kg?hm-2, respectively) and N topdressing (0, 150, and 300 kg?hm-2) application at jointing stage on pasting properties of waxy maize flours were studied using the control varieties in national southern waxy maize regional test, Suyunuo5 and Yunuo7 as materials under split block design. 【Result】The single and interactions of basic fertilizer and N topdressing all affected the pasting characteristics, and the influence of basic fertilizer on all pasting characteristics of waxy maize flours except breakdown (BD) was larger than N topdressing on it. Among different basic fertilizer treatments, the flours presented higher viscosity characteristics except moderate pasting temperature (Ptemp) when N, P and K was balanced applied (each was 75 kg?hm-2). With the increment of N topdressing, peak viscosity (PV), trough viscosity (TV), final viscosity (FV), BD increased first and fall later, setback (SB) gradually increased, while Ptemp was similar among three treatments. Compared with the flours from spring-sown, it from autumn-sown plants presented higher PV, TV, and FV, in addition of lower SB, BD, and Ptemp. The flours from Suyunuo5 had lower PV, BD, and higher TV, FV, SB and Ptemp than from Yunuo7. PV, TV, FV, and BD were observed positively correlated with each other, and SB was observed positively correlated with TV and FV. 【Conclusion】In waxy maize production, plants from autumn sown treatments and balanced application of N, P, and K (each was about 75 kg?hm-2) with moderate N topdressing (about 150 kg?hm-2) at jointing stage should be adopted, which could improve waxy maize viscosity quality.

Key words: waxy maize flour , pasting property , basic fertilizer ratio , N topdressing at jointing stage

陆大雷, 王鑫, 孙旭利, 徐仁超, 闫发宝, 陆卫平. 基肥配施和拔节期追氮对糯玉米粉糊化特性的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2013, 46(5): 909-916.

LU Da-Lei, WANG Xin, SUN Xu-Li, XU Ren-Chao, YAN Fa-Bao, LU Wei-Ping. Effects of Basic Fertilizer Ratio and Nitrogen Top-Dressing at Jointing Stage on Pasting Properties of Waxy Maize Flour[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2013, 46(5): 909-916.

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