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Distribution and accumulation of zinc and nitrogen in wheat grain pearling fractions in response to foliar zinc and soil nitrogen applications
ZHANG Pan-pan, CHEN Yu-lu, WANG Chen-yang, MA Geng, LÜ Jun-jie, LIU Jing-bao, GUO Tian-cai
2021, 20 (12): 3277-3288.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63491-8
Abstract165)      PDF in ScienceDirect      
Increasing zinc (Zn) concentration in wheat grain is important to minimize human dietary Zn deficiency.  This study aimed to investigate the effect of foliar Zn and soil nitrogen (N) applications on the accumulation and distribution of N and Zn in grain pearling fractions, N remobilization, and the relationships between nutrient concentration in the vegetative tissues and grain or its fractions in two cropping years in the North China Plain.  The results showed a progressive decrease in N and Zn concentrations from the outer to the inner parts of grain, with most of the accumulation in the core endosperm.  Foliar Zn application significantly increased N concentration in the pericarp, and soil N application increased N concentration in each grain fraction.  Both treatments significantly increased core endosperm Zn concentration.  Foliar Zn had no effect on grain N and Zn distribution.  Soil N application made N concentrated in the aleurone, promoted Zn translocation to the core endosperm and also increased N remobilization and its efficiency from the shoot to the grain, but no improved contribution to grain was found.  N concentration in grain and its fractions were positively correlated with N in vegetative organs at anthesis and maturity, while positive correlations were obtained between N concentration in the pericarp and progressive central area of the endosperm and Zn concentration in the core endosperm.  Thus, foliar Zn and soil N applications effectively increased yield and N and Zn concentrations in the wheat grain, particularly in the endosperm, and could be promising strategies to address Zn deficiency.
 
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GGE biplot analysis of yield stability and test location representativeness in proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) genotypes
ZHANG Pan-pan, SONG Hui, KE Xi-wang, JIN Xi-jun, YIN Li-hua, LIU Yang, QU Yang, SU Wang, FENG Nai-jie, ZHENG Dian-feng, FENG Bai-li
2016, 15 (06): 1218-1227.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(15)61157-1
Abstract1637)      PDF in ScienceDirect      
    The experiments were conducted for three consecutive years across 14 locations using 9 non-waxy proso millet genotypes and 16 locations using 7 waxy proso millet genotypes in China. The objectives of this study were to analyze yield stability and adaptability of proso millets and to evaluate the discrimination and representativeness of locations by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and genotype and genotype by environment interaction (GGE) biplot methods. Grain yields of proso millet genotypes were significantly influenced by environment (E), genotype (G) and their interaction (G×E) (P<0.1%). G×E interaction effect was six times higher than G effect in non-waxy group and seven times in waxy group. N04-339 in non-waxy and Neimi 6 (NM6) in waxy showed higher grain yields and stability compared with other genotypes. Also, Neimi 9 (NM9, a non-waxy cultivar) and 90322-2-33 (a waxy cultivar) showed higher adaptability in 7 and in 11 locations, respectively. For non-waxy, Dalat, Inner Mongolia (E2) and Wuzhai, Shanxi (E5) were the best sites among all the locations for maximizing the variance among candidate cultivars, and Yanchi, Ningxia (E10) had the best representativeness. Wuzhai, Shanxi (e9) and Yanchi, Ningxia (e14) were the best representative locations, and Baicheng, Jilin (e2) was better discriminating location than others for waxy genotypes. Based on our results, E10 and e14 have enhanced efficiency and accuracy for non-waxy genotypes and waxy genotypes selection, respectively in national regional test of proso millet varieties.
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