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No-tillage effects on grain yield and nitrogen requirements in hybrid rice transplanted with single seedlings: Results of a long-term experiment
HUANG Min, CHEN Jia-na, CAO Fang-bo, ZOU Ying-bin, Norman Uphoff
2019, 18 (1): 24-32.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(17)61873-2
Abstract249)      PDF in ScienceDirect      
This study was conducted to determine whether, and if so how, the grain yield and nitrogen (N) requirements of hybrid rice transplanted as single seedlings are affected by no-tillage (NT) practices.  A fixed field experiment was done at the Experimental Farm of Hunan Agricultural University in Changsha, Hunan Province, China, from 2004 to 2014.  Grain yield and yield attributes (panicle number per m2, spikelet number per panicle, spikelet filling percentage, grain weight, total biomass, and harvest index) were evaluated as well as the N-use characteristics (total N uptake, internal N-use efficiency, and N requirements) of hybrid rice transplanted as single seedlings comparing NT with conventional tillage (CT).  A significant finding was that there were no significant differences in grain yield, yield attributes, and N-use characteristics between CT and NT.  Averaged across the 11 years, grain yield and N requirements were 9.51 t ha−1 and 20.2 kg t−1 under CT and 9.33 t ha−1 and 20.0 kg t−1 under NT, respectively.  There were significant yearly variations in grain yield, yield attributes, and N-use characteristics observed under both CT and NT.  The yearly variation in grain yield was related to simultaneous changes in spikelet number per panicle, grain weight, total biomass, and harvest index.  Also, it was found that grain yield was positively correlated with internal N-use efficiency but negatively correlated with N requirements.  It is concluded that grain yield and N requirements in hybrid rice when transplanted as single seedlings are not affected adversely by NT.  The results of this study suggest that (1) compatible relationships among yield attributes can be established in hybrid rice that is transplanted as single seedlings, and (2) higher grain yield and higher N-use efficiency can be concurrently achieved in hybrid rice transplanted as single seedlings.
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Comparisons of yield performance and nitrogen response between hybrid and inbred rice under different ecological conditions in southern China
JIANG Peng, XIE Xiao-bing, HUANG Min, ZHOU Xue-feng, ZHANG Rui-chun, CHEN Jia-na, WU Dan-dan, XIA Bing, XU Fu-xian, XIONG Hong, ZOU Ying-bin
2015, 14 (7): 1283-1294.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(14)60929-1
Abstract2025)      PDF in ScienceDirect      
In order to understand the yield performance and nitrogen (N) response of hybrid rice under different ecological conditions in southern China, field experiments were conducted in Huaiji County of Guangdong Province, Binyang of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Changsha City of Hunan Province, southern China in 2011 and 2012. Two hybrid (Liangyoupeijiu and Y-liangyou 1) and two inbred rice cultivars (Yuxiangyouzhan and Huanghuazhan) were grown under three N treatments (N1, 225 kg ha–1; N2, 112.5–176 kg ha–1; N3, 0 kg ha–1) in each location. Results showed that grain yield was higher in Changsha than in Huaiji and Binyang for both hybrid and inbred cultivars. The higher grain yield in Changsha was attributed to larger panicle size (spikelets per panicle) and higher biomass production. Consistently higher grain yield in hybrid than in inbred cultivars was observed in Changsha but not in Huaiji and Binyang. Higher grain weight and higher biomass production were responsible for the higher grain yield in hybrid than in inbred cultivars in Changsha. The better crop performance of rice (especially hybrid cultivars) in Changsha was associated with its temperature conditions and indigenous soil N. N2 had higher internal N use efficiency, recovery efficiency of applied N, agronomic N use efficiency, and partial factor productivity of applied N than N1 for both hybrid and inbred cultivars, while the difference in grain yield between N1 and N2 was relatively small. Our study suggests that whether hybrid rice can outyield inbred rice to some extent depends on the ecological conditions, and N use efficiency can be increased by using improved nitrogen management such as site-specific N management in both hybrid and inbred rice production.
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