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1.

FgGyp8通过调节FgSnc1介导的分泌囊泡与质膜融合影响禾谷镰刀菌的生长发育和致病性

ZHANG Xing-zhi, CHEN Shuang, Yakubu Saddeeq ABUBAKAR, MAO Xu-zhao, MIAO Peng-fei, WANG Zong-hua, ZHOU Jie, ZHENG Hua-wei
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (11): 3444-3457.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.04.005
摘要400)      PDF    收藏

禾谷镰刀菌是一种重要的植物病原真菌,可引起小麦、大麦等多种禾谷类农作物致病及减产。模式真菌酿酒酵母中Gyp8蛋白能水解GTP激活态的Ypt1Rab1)然而,在植物病原真菌中Gyp8同源蛋白的功能仍然未知本研究从遗传学和病理学的角度对禾谷镰刀菌中Gyp8同源蛋白FgGyp8的功能进行研究。通过基因敲除和表型分析,我们发现FgGyp8是禾谷镰刀菌营养菌丝生长所必需。突变体ΔFggyp8分生孢子产量、大小隔膜数与野生型PH-1相比显著下降进一步发现FgGyp8禾谷镰刀菌小麦胚及麦穗的致病性起重要作用FgGyp8包含一个保守TBC(Tre2-Bub2-Cdc16)结构域结构域缺失结果表明,FgGyp8TBC结构域、C端和N末端对其生物学功能均有重要调控作用体外水解酶活性实验结果显示FgGyp8是FgRab1的GTP酶激活蛋白(GAP,GTPase-activating protein)。此外,FgGyp8对FgSnc1蛋白介导的分泌囊泡与质膜的融合过程是必需的。最后,我们发现FgGyp8禾谷镰刀菌FgRab1的另一个GAP FgGyp1存在功能冗余。综上所述,本研究表明FgGyp8作为FgRab1GAP禾谷镰刀菌营养菌丝生长分生孢子形态建成、致病性所必需的。

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2. 组蛋白H3K27me3甲基化调节分泌蛋白表达在快速进化区域可以通过抑制转座子转录
XIE Jia-hui, TANG Wei, LU Guo-dong, HONG Yong-he, ZHONG Zhen-hui, WANG Zong-hua, ZHENG Hua-kun
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (10): 3059-3068.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.01.011
摘要228)      PDF    收藏
效应因子表达的精准调控对病原菌从营养阶段到定殖于植物体内的转变至关重要。但是,我们对这些基因的动态调节机制的了解仍有限。本研究通过比较转录组学和染色质免疫沉淀测序方式对稻瘟病菌中甲基化转移酶PoKMT6进行功能分析,发现PoKmt6介导的H3K27me3主要富集在快速进化区,并且这种修饰导致部分分泌蛋白(SP)编码基因和转座子(TE)在菌丝体阶段被沉默。有趣的是,我们发现部分SP基因本身不受H3K27me3修饰,但其附近TEH3K27me3修饰可以间接沉默这些基因的表达。综上所述,我们的结果表明,在快速进化区,PoKmt6介导的H3K27me3通过抑制附近TE的表达来调节部分SP基因表达。
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3. JIA-2021-1477 轮枝镰刀菌过氧化物酶体基质受体Pex5影响致病性及FB1合成
YU Wen-ying, LIN Mei, YAN Hui-juan, WANG Jia-jia, ZHANG Sheng-min, LU Guo-dong, WANG Zong-hua, Won-Bo SHIM
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2022, 21 (10): 2957-2972.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.07.044
摘要235)      PDF    收藏

过氧化物酶体内基质主要包括氧化酶、过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶等,它们调节细胞氧化稳态和功能,绝大部分的基质含过氧化物酶体靶向信号(PTS)并由PTS受体运输入内。本文研究发现过氧化物酶体靶向信号类型1(PTS1) 受体Pex5的缺失影响了病原真菌轮枝镰刀菌多种生物学功能,结果将有助于阐明 Pex5致病及产毒的分子机制,并为控制病害和减少伏马菌素 B1(FB1)的毒害提供理论依据。同源重组的方法构建FvPEX5敲除突变体(ΔFvpex5),继而构建敲除突变体的互补菌株。通过比较野生型,敲除突变体和互补菌株三者的表型,我们探究并验证FvPex5在轮枝镰刀菌中的生物学功能;进一步通过RNA-Seq 分析ΔFvpex5中表达差异的PTS蛋白,并结合GO和KEEG注释进而解析FvPex5影响生物学功能的原因。研究发现轮枝镰刀 PTS1受体 FvPex5 参与 PTS1 的定位、碳源和脂质的利用、消除 ROS、细胞壁应激反应、分生孢子的形成FB1产生以及致病性。在ΔFvpex5 突变体,RNA-Seq 分析发现差异表达的PTS1、PTS2、 PTS 相关途径中的过氧化物酶体相关基因(PEX) FB1 毒素相关基因,并进一步通过RT-PCR 证实这些基因的差异表达。此外,结合GO和KEEG注释,发现ΔFvpex5突变体中差异表达的PTS1、PTS2基因在碳代谢、氮代谢、脂质代谢和氧化平衡等多种生化途径中富集。FvPex5 参与了 PTS 相关基因的调控,从而影响了轮枝镰刀菌的氧化平衡、FB1产量和致病性。本研究首次发现了FvPex5对伏马毒素FB1合成起调节作用,并首次对轮枝镰刀菌中的过氧化物酶体靶向信号(PTS)蛋白进行了预测及功能分析。

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4. Two novel gene-specific markers at the Pik locus facilitate the application of rice blast resistant alleles in breeding
TIAN Da-gang, CHEN Zi-qiang, LIN Yan, CHEN Zai-jie, LUO Jia-mi, JI Ping-sheng, YANG Li-ming, WANG Zong-hua, WANG Feng
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2021, 20 (6): 1554-1562.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63272-5
摘要153)      PDF    收藏

由稻瘟病菌引起的稻瘟病,是一种制约世界水稻生产的真菌病害。长期的生产实践表明,将持久广谱的抗性基因导入高产水稻品种,是防治该病害的首选。位于第11号染色体上的抗瘟基因 Pik 基因座,至少含有 Pi-1、Pik-h、Pi-k、Pik-m、Pik-s和Pik-p等6个重要的抗病基因;但由于当前缺乏适用的分子标记,限制了该基因座功能基因在抗病育种中的广泛应用。为了更好地在分子育种中利用该基因座的功能基因,开发Pik 基因座功能基因的特异性标记并用其分型种质资源具有重要意义。基于此,本研究通过对Pi-1、Pik-h、Pi-k、Pik-m、Pik-s、Pik-p等功能基因和非功能基因位点之间的序列广泛比较,获得了一个在这些功能基因启动子区-1015-bp处Pik-p缺失19-bp和一个在这些功能基因末端+6816-bp处Pi-1插入11-bp的的多态性位点,并据此分别开发出两个能精确区分出Pik-p、Pi-1和K型功能等位位点的Pikp-Del和Pi1-In标记;进一步通过结合稻瘟病菌室内接种和已有的dCAPS标记Pi1FNP和dCAPS-795鉴定,对这两个标记鉴定结果的准确性进行了评价。结果显示,我们鉴定的基因型与稻瘟病人工接种抗性表现和两个dCAPS标记的鉴定的结果完全一致。另外,我们还利用Pikp-Del和Pi1-In标记对531份水稻品种和育种材料进行了基因分型,结果表明,5份材料含有Pik-p基因,8份材料含有Pi-1基因,说明这两个基因在我国水稻稻瘟病抗性育种中还没有被充分利用;另外还有256份携带K型等位基因,这些材料可作为抗稻瘟病育种的种质资源。综上,Pikp-Del和Pi1-In标记可以实现对Pik-p、Pi-1和K型功能等位基因的精准检测,结合标记分型的种质资源,将会加速Pik-p 和Pi-1以及Pik 基因座的其它功能基因在抗病育种中的应用。


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5.  
ZHANG Li-mei, CHEN Shu-ting, QI Min, CAO Xue-qi, LIANG Nan, LI Qian, TANG Wei, LU Guo-dong, ZHOU Jie, YU Wen-ying, WANG Zong-hua, ZHENG Hua-kun
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2021, 20 (11): 2944-2956.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63493-1
摘要103)      PDF    收藏
 

细胞自噬通过维持细胞内物质与能量的动态平衡,进而调控很多发育过程。已知延伸复合物蛋白Elp3具有多种功能并参与调控自噬,但其在稻瘟病菌中的功能仍不清楚。为此,构建了稻瘟病菌Elp3编码基因PoELP3(MGG_05481)的敲除突变体,对其功能进行研究。表型分析结果显示,PoELP3基因的敲除导致稻瘟病菌菌丝生长受抑制,产孢量下降,对细胞壁胁迫剂和盐胁迫剂的敏感性增强,附着胞膨压和致病性显著下降。这些结果表明稻瘟病菌PoElp3在生长发育、胁迫响应和致病过程中均具有重要作用。亚细胞定位结果表明GFP-PoElp3融合蛋白定位于细胞核和细胞质中。为检测稻瘟病菌Elp3在细胞自噬中的作用,将自噬标记GFP-PoAtg8分别导入野生型和突变体中,并通过计算总蛋白中游离GFP占GFP-PoAtg8和游离GFP总量的比例,评估野生型和突变体中自噬的水平。结果表明,无论是在营养充分还是营养不足的条件下,△Poelp3突变体均呈现较高的自噬水平。这可能是导致菌丝生长缓慢的原因。此外,△Poelp3突变体营养菌丝和侵染菌丝的生长均对雷帕霉素更加敏感,但是PoELP3基因的缺失并不影响雷帕霉素对TOR-信号途径下游基因的转录抑制,暗示其并不参与TOR-信号的传导。综上所述,稻瘟病菌Elp3可以通过调控自噬影响无性发育和致病性。但是PoElp3调控自噬的机制仍有待进一步研究。


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6.
Isolation and identification of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense in Fujian Province, China
WU Kai-li, CHEN Wei-zhong, YANG Shuai, WEN Ya, ZHENG Yu-ru, Wilfred Mabeche Anjago, YUN Ying-zi, WANG Zong-hua
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2019, 18 (8): 1905-1913.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(18)62149-5
摘要242)      PDF    收藏
Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxyporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), is the most serious disease affecting banana production.  To clarify the distribution of the Foc races in Fujian Province of China, 79 soil samples were collected from four regions of Zhangzhou City, the primary banana production area in Fujian.  We isolated and identified 12 Foc strains based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence analysis, PCR amplification by using Foc-specific primers and pathogenicity assays.  Our analysis indicated that 11 isolates belong to Foc race 1, and 1 isolate belongs to the Foc tropical species race 4 (TR4).  Although TR4 has previously been reported to occur in primary banana-producing provinces, such as Hainan, Guangxi, and Guangdong of China, this is the first report of TR4 isolated from the soil in Fujian Province.  Monitoring the presence of Foc, in particular, the TR4 strains in the soil, is the basic strategy to prevent and control Fusarium wilt.
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7. Evolutionary analysis of plant jacalin-related lectins (JRLs) family and expression of rice JRLs in response to Magnaporthe oryzae
HAN Yi-juan, ZHONG Zhen-hui, SONG Lin-lin, Olsson Stefan, WANG Zong-hua, LU Guo-dong
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2018, 17 (06): 1252-1267.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(17)61809-4
摘要482)      PDF    收藏
Jacalin-related lectins (JRLs) are widely distributed carbohydrate-binding proteins in the plant kingdom, which play key roles in development and pathogen defense.  In this study, we profiled evolutionary trajectory of JRLs family in 30 plant species and identified domain diversification and recombination leading to different responsive patterns of JRLs in rice during defense against rice blast.  All of 30 plant species analyzed in our study have two types of JRLs by containing either a single jacalin or repeated jacalin domains, while chimeric jacalins exist in more than half of the species, especially in the Poaceae family.  Moreover, Poaceae species have evolved two types of unique chimeric JRLs by fusing the jacalin domain(s) with dirigent or NB_ARC domain, some of which positively regulate plant immunity.  Seven Poaceae-specific JRLs are found in the rice genome.  We further found expression of rice JRLs, including four Poaceae-specific JRLs, are induced by Magnaporthe oryzae infections at either early or late infection stages.  Overall, the results present the evolutionary trajectory of JRLs in plant and highlight essential roles of Poaceae specific JRLs against pathogen attacks in rice.
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8. The arms race between Magnaporthe oryzae and rice: Diversity and interaction of Avr and R genes
WANG Bao-hua, Daniel J. Ebbole, WANG Zong-hua
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2017, 16 (12): 2746-2760.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(17)61746-5
摘要935)      PDF(pc) (476KB)(119)    收藏
Rice blast disease, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, threatens global food security.  The rice blast pathosystem is a longstanding model system for understanding plant-microbe interactions.  In order to elucidate the coevolution of the host and pathogen, and provide the appropriate methods for preventing or controlling rice blast disease, researchers have focused on the evolution of virulence factors and resistance genes.  Thus far, more than 30 rice blast resistance (R) genes and 12 avirulence (Avr) genes have been cloned.  This review summarizes the cloned rice blast R genes, cloned Avr genes of M. oryzae and the interaction between them.  This discussion also considers some of the major unanswered questions concerning this pathosystem and the opportunities for future investigations.
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9. A novel Arabidopsis miRNA, ath-miR38-3P, is involved in response to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum infection
ZHAO Xu, SHAN Ya-nan, ZHAO Yan, WANG Ai-rong, WANG Zong-hua
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2016, 15 (11): 2556-2562.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(16)61382-5
摘要1418)      PDF    收藏
      Plant defense responses against penetration or colonization of pathogens are mediated by activation and repression of a large array of genes. Host endogenous small RNAs are essential in gene expression reprogramming process. We identified a new Arabidopsis microRNA (miRNA) ath-miR38-3P by high-throughput sequencing and further confirmed it by Northern blot assay. Interestingly, ath-miR38-3P was highly induced after infection of the pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Further analysis based on the miRNA target database demonstrated that ath-miR38-3P might target to five putative genes: AT2G03140, AT5G59430, AT5G66320, AT1G36620 and AT3G03820. To confirm the target, we conducted the quantitative real-time PCR to observe the expression pattern of each candidate gene. The results showed that only AT3G03820 was down-regulated after inoculation of S. sclerotiorum. In addition, overexpression of ath-miR38-3P down-regulates AT3G03820, suggesting AT3G03820 might represent the target for ath-miR38-3P. Our results may provide the useful information for further studying the biological function of a novel ath-miR38-3P and its targets in Arabidopsis-Sclerotinia interaction.
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10. Magnaporthe Rab5 homologs show distinct functions in nerve growth factor (NGF)-mediated neurite outgrowth and cell differentiation
QI Yao-yao, LIANG Zhi-min, ZHOU Jie, WANG Zong-hua, LU Guo-dong, LI Guang-pu
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2015, 14 (5): 823-829.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(14)60972-2
摘要1969)      PDF    收藏
Nerve growth factor (NGF) binds to TrkA and forms a NGF/TrkA complex at the cell surface, which is then internalized into signaling endosomes and promotes neuronal survival and neurite outgrowth. The small GTPase Rab5 is reported to localize on the plasma membrane and early endosomes, regulating endosome fusion. It was reported that endogenous Rab5 function may need to be suppressed during NGF-induced neurite outgrowth and cell differentiation. Two Rab5 homologs (MoRab5A: MGG_06241 and MoRab5B:MGG_01185) were characterized from the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, and MoRab5B was identified as the Rab5 ortholog promoting early endosomal fusion, while MoRab5A specialized to perform a non-redundant function in endosomal sorting. In this study, we examined whether MoRab5A and MoRab5B play different roles in NGF-induced neurite outgrowth and cell differentiation in PC12 cells (a rat pheochromocytoma cell line). Our data showed that MoRab5B is a negative regulator of NGF signaling and neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells, similar to human Rab5 (hRab5). MoRab5B:WT inhibits NGF signaling-dependent neurite outgrowth while the dominant-negative MoRab5B mutant (MoRab5B:DN) enhances NGF signaling and neurite outgrowth. In contrast, MoRab5A:WT and MoRab5A:DN both significantly promote NGF-induced neurite outgrowth, indicating that MoRab5B is more similar to hRab5 than MoRab5A in the regulation of NGF signal transduction.
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11. The Effect of Wheat Mixtures on the Powdery Mildew Disease and Some Yield Components
LI Ning, JIA Shao-feng, WANG Xiu-na, DUAN Xia-yu, ZHOU Yi-lin, WANG Zong-hua , LU Guodong
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2012, 12 (4): 611-620.   DOI: 10.1016/S1671-2927(00)8581
摘要1468)      PDF    收藏
Mixtures composed of five wheat cultivars, Jingshuang 16, Jing 411, Jingdong 8, Lunxuan 987, and Baofeng 104, with different levels of resistance against powdery mildew were tested for their potential containment of the disease development in the field and for the influence on grain yield and the content of crude protein in the years 2007 and 2010. The plots were inoculated artificially with mixed isolates collected in the fields and propagated in the greenhouse and the disease was scored in 7 d interval during the two growing seasons. It was indicated that certain combinations, e.g., Jingdong 8: Lunxuan 987, Jingdong 8:Baofeng 104, and Jing 411:Jingdong 8:Baofeng 104, showed positive efficacy on the mildew. The cultivar combinations tested in 2007 showed increase of grain yield, while most of the combinations tested in 2010 did not show the increase. The differences of the increases or decreases were not statistically significant except combinations Jing 411:Jingdong 8:Baofeng104, Jingshuang16:Jingdong8:Lunxuang 987 and Jingshuang 16:Jingdong 8:Lunxuan 987: Baofeng 104, which showed the decrease of the grain yield. The mixtures did not show influence on the content of crude protein in grain. More cultivar combinations need to be tested.
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