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1. 土壤样本中菲利普孢囊线虫TaqMan实时荧光PCR快速检测及定量分析
JIAN Jin-zhuo, HUANG Wen-kun, KONG Ling-an, JIAN Heng, Sulaiman ABDULSALAM, PENG De-liang, PENG Huan
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (8): 2591-2601.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.09.016
摘要221)      PDF    收藏

【目的】菲利普孢囊线虫(Heterodera filipjevi)是全球小麦生产上的一种重要病原物,早期快速确的检测对于小麦孢囊线虫病的防控至关重要。本研究基于TaqMan探针法的实时荧光定量PCRreal-time fluorescent quantitative PCR with TaqMan probes, TaqMan-qPCR)技术建立了一种直接从田间土壤中快速检测和定量分析H. filipjevi的方法。【方法】根据 H. filipjeviRAPD-SCAR 序列(KC529338)设计TaqMan-qPCR特异性的引物和探针,利用已鉴定的27个线虫群体DNA进行引物特异性检测利用单条 J2 DNA稀释液(4-0,4-1,4-2,4-3,4-4,4-5,4-6  4-7)和单个雌虫DNA稀释液(10-0,10-1,10-2,10-3,10-4,10-5,10-610-7),以及基因组 DNA 的稀释100 μg.μL-1,10 μg.μL-1,1 μg.μL-1,0.1 μg.μL-1,0.01 μg.μL-1,0.001 μg.μL-1,100 pg.μL-1  10 pg.μL-1引物的灵敏度进行检测。通过人工将不同数量(0.1, 1, 10, 100和1000条) H. filipjevi添加到灭菌土中,建立了线虫数量的对数与CT值的标准曲线和回归方程32份田间土壤样品H. filipjevi数量进行了评估,并对实时荧光定量PCR检测方法与传统定量方法进行了相关性分析。【结果】本研究建立的菲利普孢囊线虫TaqMan-qPCR检测技术具有极高的特异性和灵敏度,能够从13 27 个线虫种群中特异的检测出菲利普孢囊线虫,检测阈值低至4-3单条J2 DNA10-3单条雌虫DNA0.01μg. μL-1基因组DNA田间土壤样品检测发现,实时荧光定量PCR定量检测方法传统定量检测法呈现出较好的线性关系(R²= 0.8259)。【结论】本研究建立的TaqMan-qPCR检测H. filipjevi技术特异性强、灵敏度高,能广泛适用于田间土壤开展H. filipjevi快速检测和定量分析。

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2. JIA-2021-0706 危害我国新疆甜菜的孢囊线虫种类首次鉴定
PENG Huan, LIU Hui, GAO Li, JIANG Ru, LI Guang-kuo, GAO Hai-feng, Wu Wei, WANG Jun, Zhang Yu, HUANG Wen-kun, KONG Ling-an, PENG De-liang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2022, 21 (6): 1694-1702.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(21)63797-8
摘要258)      PDF    收藏

为明确我国主要甜菜产区线虫的种类和危害程度,2015-2018年我们对我国甜菜主要产区进行了系统的调查和检测。在新疆伊犁州新源县的甜菜地调查发现,部分区域甜菜长势弱,植株黄化、矮化明显,受害植株根系有明显的须根团,根上有大量的白色雌虫。采用形态学和形态测量学的方法对孢囊线虫的雌虫、孢囊和二龄幼虫进行显微观察和测量,结果表明,在我国新疆新源县甜菜上发现的孢囊群体的2龄幼虫、孢囊及阴门锥的特征和关键形态测量值与国外已报道的甜菜孢囊线虫基本一致。采用分子生物学的方法对孢囊线虫新疆新源群体的核糖体DNA-ITS、28S-D2/D3和线粒体DNA COI基因进行克隆、测序和分析发现,新源群体的核糖体DNA-ITS, 28S-D2/D3 和线粒体DNA COI基因序列和国外已报道的甜菜孢囊线虫的一致性为99.81-100%,进化分析显示新疆新源群体与国外甜菜孢囊线虫群体聚类为一个进化分支,同时采用甜菜孢囊线虫特异性引物SHF6和rDNA2,从新疆新源群体中扩增出长度为255 bp的特异性条带,分子生物学检测结果表明:我国新疆甜菜上发现的孢囊线虫为甜菜孢囊线虫。采用柯赫氏法则,将500头二龄幼虫分别接种到甜菜(SD21816)和油菜(德油6号)根系中,15天后在甜菜和油菜根系上分别发现了137和157个孢囊和雌虫,表明新疆新源群体能够在甜菜和油菜上完成生活史,且形态学和分子生物学鉴定结果和田间样品完全一致。综上所述,经形态学鉴定和分子特征分析确认,在我国新疆新源县甜菜上发现的孢囊线虫为我国检疫性有害生物——甜菜孢囊线虫,这也是甜菜孢囊线虫在我国的首次明确报道。


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3. Molecular and morphological characterization of stunt nematodes of wheat, maize, and rice in the savannahs of northern Nigeria
Sulaiman ABDULSALAM, , PENG Huan, LIU Shi-ming, HUANG Wen-kun, KONG Ling-an, PENG De-liang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2022, 21 (2): 586-595.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(21)63696-1
摘要220)      PDF    收藏
Stunt nematodes (Tylenchorhynchus spp.) are obligate migratory root ecto-parasitic nematodes found in the fields of many cultivated crops.  These nematodes, with phyto-sanitary potential, are frequently ignored or misdiagnosed as pests, and this may pose a threat to food security.  The accuracy of its identification based on a morphological approach has been challenged recently, due to the overlapping of the morphological and morphometric characters of the species.  Consequently, the objective of this study is to identify and characterize stunt nematodes present in 54 fields cultivated with cereal crops (wheat, maize and rice) in the savannahs of northern Nigeria, using integrative taxonomy and molecular approaches.  The molecular and morphological studies identified and confirmed the presence of T. annulatus as the occurring specie in the savannahs of northern Nigeria.  The phylogenetic analysis was carried out using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and 28S genes of ribosomal DNA further confirmed the presence of T. annulatus.  The first molecular characterization and sequences of the ITS and 28S rDNA gene for T. annulatus from Nigeria were provided by this research.  Also, according to our literature search, this is the first report on T. annulatus in wheat, maize and rice in the savannahs of northern Nigeria.  Further study to test the pathogenicity of the parasitic nematode species found in this survey is recommended for the prioritization and development of efficient management strategies.
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4. JIA-2021-1981 硫酸钾诱导水稻对拟禾谷根结线虫 (Meloidogyne graminicola) 的抗性
LIU Mao-Yan, PENG De-liang, SU Wen, XIANG Chao, JIAN Jin-zhuo, ZHAO Jie, PENG Huan, LIU Shi-ming, KONG Ling-an, DAI Liang-ying, HUANG Wen-kun, LIU Jing
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2022, 21 (11): 3263-3277.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.08.002
摘要268)      PDF    收藏

钾(K)是一种重要的营养元素,可以提高作物的抗逆性/耐受性。K在抗植物寄生线虫中的应用表明,K处理可以减少线虫病的发生,提高作物产量。然而,K在水稻抗拟禾谷根结线虫(Meloidogyne graminicola)中的研究仍然缺乏。本研究首先用K2SO4直接处理线虫,发现K2SO4对线虫的死亡率、侵染率以及发育水平无显著影响;接着通过温室盆栽接种,发现0.5 mM K2SO4处理水稻后,根中的根结和线虫数量分别下降了57.2±4.4% 59.2±6.6%,成年雌虫比例(70.9±5.6%)显著低于对照(90.7±5.1%),同时幼虫比例(27.0±6.3%)显著高于对照(6.0±3.2%),而水稻的生长不受影响;统计Pluronic明胶中水稻根尖吸引的线虫数量,发现接种后6小时K2SO4处理与清水处理之间并无显著差异;对接种后7天根结中巨细胞的形态、大小和数量进行显微观察,发现两个处理间也不存在显著差异;接着检测根结中胼胝质沉积,发现K2SO4处理后其沉积面积增加了67.9%,同时其合成基因OsGSL1和降解基因OsGNS5分别显著上调和下调;另外检测H2O2累积发现,接种后824 小时K2SO4处理的根中H2O2含量分别增加了78.2% 118.7%,同时其合成基因OsRbohB也显著上调;再对水杨酸、茉莉酸、乙烯以及油菜素内酯等信号通路相关基因和病程相关蛋白基因的表达进行定量分析,发现在线虫侵染初期K2SO4处理显著上调了某些抗病相关基因的表达;最后对K通道基因OsAKT1和转运蛋白基因OsHAK5缺陷型植株进行接种,发现根结和线虫数量显著增加并且线虫的发育加快,同时K2SO4的作用降低。这些说明K2SO4通过激发基础防御反应提高了水稻对线虫的抗性,并且K通道和转运蛋白积极参与了寄主抗性。K及其通道和转运蛋白在寄主抗性中的应用,为进一步研究水稻抗线虫机制以及钾在植物抗生物胁迫中的功能奠定了基础。低钾能诱导水稻对拟禾谷根结线虫的抗性,为田间有效利用钾肥防控线虫病害提供了理论依据。

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5. JIA-2021-1540
LIU Zhi, ZHANG Liu-ping, ZHAO Jie, JIAN Jin-zhuo, PENG Huan, HUANG Wen-kun, KONG Ling-an, PENG De-liang, LIU Shi-ming
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2022, 21 (10): 2973-2983.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.07.048
摘要228)      PDF    收藏

大豆孢囊线虫(SCN, Heterodera glycines)严重制约大豆生产。大豆抗线虫数量性状遗传位点Rhg4上的丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶编码基因(GmSHMT08)对大豆孢囊线虫有显著的抗性,但该基因如何介导了对大豆孢囊线虫的抗性机制仍不明晰,GmSHMT08能否与大豆孢囊线虫产生的蛋白发生互作仍不明确。本研究以GmSHMT08作为诱饵,通过酵母双杂交体系在线虫中筛选出了与GmSHMT08互作的一个热休克蛋白70片段(HgHSP70p)。通过GST pull-down和荧光双分子互补,进一步验证了HgHSP70p与GmSHMT08之间存在互作关系。本研究发现的HgHSP70基因可以作为关键候选基因,用于进一步探究GmSHMT08介导的对大豆孢囊线虫的抗性机制。

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6. Effect of Aspergillus niger NBC001 on the soybean rhizosphere microbial community in a soybean cyst nematode-infested field
JIN Na, LIU Shi-ming, PENG Huan, HUANG Wen-kun, KONG Ling-an, PENG De-liang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2021, 20 (12): 3230-3239.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63467-0
摘要155)      PDF    收藏

大豆孢囊线虫是世界范围内大豆生产的重要病原之一,生物防治目前已成为大豆孢囊线虫病防治的重要手段。黑曲霉NBC001由本实验室从小麦孢囊线虫群体上分离获得,其发酵液拌种在盆栽中不仅可以有效防治大豆孢囊线虫,而且对大豆具有一定的促生作用。本研究将在田间评价NBC001对大豆孢囊线虫的防治效果及对大豆根际土壤产生的微生态效应。研究结果表明在田间应用黑曲霉NBC001发酵浓缩液拌种可以有效防治大豆孢囊线虫病,防效达31.7%。高通量测序结果显示黑曲霉NBC001对大豆根际土壤微生物多样性和群落结构无显著影响,表明NBC001发酵浓缩液拌种对土壤生态环境安全。在大豆定植10天时,黑曲霉 NBC001促进了大豆根际土壤中放线菌门Actinobacteria,酸杆菌门Acidobacteria,叶瘤菌属Phyllobacterium,雷尔氏菌属Ralstonia和H16的丰度;而降低拟杆菌门Bacteroidetes,芽单胞菌门GemmatimonadetesAdhaeribacter,芽单胞菌属Gemmatimonas,鞘氨醇单胞菌属SphingomonasFlavisolibacter的丰度。在定植90 d时,影响程度减小,仅增加气微菌属Aeromicrobium和RB41属的丰度,降低H16的丰度,说明其对大豆根际土壤微生物物种丰度的影响是短暂的。同时结果也表明黑曲霉NBC001可以增加大豆根际土壤中有益微生物放线菌门、酸杆菌门、气微菌属和叶瘤菌属的丰度。综上所述生防菌黑曲霉NBC001对大豆根际土壤微生物无显著影响,因此在田间应用黑曲霉NBC001对土壤生态环境安全。研究结果将为黑曲霉NBC001的安全应用奠定理论基础,为大豆孢囊线虫病生物防治提供高效生防菌株。


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7.
Evaluation of the biocontrol potential of Aspergillus welwitschiae against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
LIU Ying, DING Zhong, PENG De-liang, LIU Shi-ming, KONG Ling-an, PENG Huan, XIANG Chao, LI Zhong-cai, HUANG Wen-kun
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2019, 18 (11): 2561-2570.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(19)62610-9
摘要108)      PDF    收藏
The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola is considered one of the most devastating pests in rice-producing areas, and nematicides are neither ecofriendly nor cost effective.  More acceptable biological agents are required for controlling this destructive pathogen.  In this study, the biocontrol potential of Aspergillus welwitschiae AW2017 was investigated in laboratory and greenhouse experiments.  The in vitro ovicidal and larvicidal activities of A. welwitschiae metabolites were tested on M. graminicola in laboratory experiments.  The effect of A. welwitschiae on the attraction of M. graminicola to rice and the infection of rice by M. graminicola was evaluated in a greenhouse.  The bioagent AW2017 displayed good nematicidal potential via its ovicidal and larvicidal action.  The best larvicidal activity was observed at a concentration of 5×AW2017, which caused an 86.2% mortality rate at 48 h post inoculation.  The highest ovicidal activity was recorded at a concentration of 5×AW2017, which resulted in an approximately 47.3% reduction in egg hatching after 8 d compared to the control.  Under greenhouse conditions, the application of A. welwitschiae significantly reduced the root galls and nematodes in rice roots compared to the control.  At a concentration of 5×AW2017, juveniles and root galls in rice roots at 14 d post inoculation (dpi) were reduced by 24.5 and 40.5%, respectively.  In addition, the attraction of M. graminicola to rice roots was significantly decreased in the AW2017 treatment, and the development of nematodes in the AW2017-treated plants was slightly delayed compared with that in the PDB-treated control plants.  The results indicate that A. welwitschiae is a potential biological control agent against M. graminicola in rice.
 
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8. Conidia of one Fusarium solani isolate from a soybean-production field enable to be virulent to soybean and make soybean seedlings wilted
ZHENG Na, ZHANG Liu-ping, GE Feng-yong, HUANG Wen-kun, KONG Ling-an, PENG De-liang, LIU Shi-ming
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2018, 17 (09): 2042-2053.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(17)61891-4
摘要389)      PDF(pc) (22206KB)(182)    收藏
Received  13 December, 2017    Accepted  17 January, 2018
.
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9. First report of cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera filipjevi) on winter wheat in Shandong Province, China
ZHEN Hao-yang, PENG Huan,ZHAO Hong-hai, QI Yong-hong, HUANG Wen-kun, KONG Ling-an, LIANG Chen, WEN Yan-hua, PENG De-liang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2018, 17 (08): 1912-1913.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(18)61965-3
摘要845)      PDF    收藏
Received  3 March, 2018    Accepted  2 April, 2018
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10. Evaluation of Chinese rice varieties resistant to the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola
Zhan Li-ping, Ding Zhong, Peng De-liang, Peng Huan, Kong Ling-an, Liu Shi-ming, Liu Ying, Li Zhong-cai, HUANG Wen-kun
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2018, 17 (03): 621-630.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(17)61802-1
摘要805)      PDF    收藏
The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola, which is distributed worldwide, is considered a major constraint on rice production in Asia.  The present study used the root gall index and number of nematodes inside the roots to evaluate resistance/susceptibility to M. graminicola in different subpopulations of Oryza sativa (aus, hybrid aus, indica, hybrid indica, temperate japonica, tropical japonica).  Nematode development in highly resistant varieties was also evaluated.  Analyses of randomly selected 35 varieties showed the number of M. graminicola nematodes inside the roots correlated very strongly (r=0.87, P≤0.05) with the nematode gall index, and the results from pot and field experiments revealed similar rankings of the varieties for resistance/susceptibility.  Among the 136 tested varieties, temperate japonica displayed the highest gall index, followed by tropical japonica, indica, hybrid indica, aus, and hybrid aus. Zhonghua 11 (aus), Shenliangyou 1 (hybrid aus) and Cliangyou 4418 (hybrid indica) were highly resistant to M. graminicola under both pot and field conditions.  Further examination of nematode development suggested that compared to susceptible rice, M. graminicola penetrated less often into highly resistant varieties and more frequently failed to develop into females.  The promising varieties found in the present research might be useful for the breeding of hybrid rice in China and for the further development of practical nematode management measures.   
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11. Golden Promise barley (Hordeum vulgare) is a suitable candidate model host for investigation interaction with Heterodera avenae
LUO Shu-jie, KONG Ling-an, PENG Huan, HUANG Wen-kun, CUI Jiang-kuan, LIU Jing, QIAO Fen, JIAN Heng, PENG De-liang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2017, 16 (07): 1537-1546.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(16)61595-2
摘要1147)      PDF    收藏
    Heterodera avenae (cereal cyst nematode, CCN) infects many cereal crops and causes serious yield losses worldwide. Interaction studies investigating H. avenae and its hosts are still in their infancy. In this study, a barley model plant, the Hordeum vulgare cultivar Golden Promise, was investigated for its potential as a candidate model host to study its interaction with H. avenae. CCN-infective juveniles were attracted by the root tips and gathered around the root elongation zones of Golden Promise on 0.7% water agar plates. The juveniles invaded the roots and developed successfully until maturation at 40 days after inoculation in sterile sand soil. The cryotomy and syncytium measurements indicated that the syncytia enlarged gradually throughout the development of the nematodes and caused the corresponding root regions to swell obviously. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that the down-regulation of defence-related barley genes and up-regulation of development-related barley genes contribute to the understanding of compatible interaction between H. avenae and Golden Promise. Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) can be used in the roots of Golden Promise. In conclusion, the Hordeum vulgare cultivar Golden Promise is a suitable candidate model host for interaction studies with Heterodera avenae. The studies presented above document the first CCN host that not only has published genome context but also be compatible to BSMV VIGS.  
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12. Assaying the potential of twenty-one legume plants in Medicago truncatula and M. sativa for candidate model plants for investigation the interactions with Heterodera glycines
KONG Ling-an, WU Du-qing, HUANG Wen-kun, PENG Huan, HE Wen-ting, PENG De-liang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2016, 15 (3): 702-704.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(15)61156-X
摘要1620)      PDF    收藏
Soybean cyst nematode Heterodera glycines is one of the most serious soil-borne pathogens in soybean production. However, the researches were limited in China due to lack of an effective pathosystem. In this study, we screened 21 legume Medicago plants in both Medicago truncatula and Medicago sativa to obtain candidate model plants for establishing a new pathosystem for legume-H. glycines interactions. The nematode infection of tested plants was assayed with Race 3 and 4 respectively, which were two dominant H. glycines inbred races in China soybean producing areas. The results showed that the model legume plant M. truncatula A17 failed to allow Race 3 of H. glycines to complete its life cycle, in contrast, it provided the Race 4 population to form several cyst nematodes, however, the female index (FI) value was approximately 1.6. Three M. sativa cultivars, including Xunlu, Aergangjin and Junren, provided either Race 3 or 4 of H. glycines to develop into mature cysts with their FI value below 5 as well. Our results demonstrated that legume plants in both M. truncatula and M. sativa were not likely to be a model plant for H. glycines because of an extreme high resistance.
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