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1. 在小麦-玉米轮作系统中引入花生可提升小麦产量、净收益并通过优化细菌群落改善土壤碳库
ZOU Xiao-xia, HUANG Ming-ming, LIU Yan, SI Tong, ZHANG Xiao-jun, YU Xiao-na, GUO Feng, WAN Shu-bo
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (11): 3430-3443.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.04.018
摘要210)      PDF    收藏

获得高产的同时改善土壤质量是农业生产的主要挑战。小麦Triticum aestivum L.)玉米Zea mays L.)轮作(W–M)是黄淮海平原的主要种植模式,对保障中国粮食安全具有重要意义。然而,由于长期、集中、连续栽培,W–M轮作系统土壤质量正在退化。我们推测在W–M轮作系统中引入豆科作物可能是改善土壤质量的有效途径本研究旨在验证这一假设,并探索小麦花生Arachis hypogaea L.)轮作(W–P)和小麦轮作玉米/花生间作(W–M/P)的高效种植系统,以实现黄淮海平原农业的高效生产研究以传统的W–M轮作为对照,基于3年定位试验,系统研究了作物产量、净收益、土壤微生物和土壤碳库特征。结果表明W–M相比,W–PW–M/P处理显著提高了小麦产量(分别提升382.5–579.0179.8–513.1 kg ha–1)和净收益(分别提高58.270.4%);在0 ~20 cm土层,W–M/PW–M土壤有机碳储量比W–P分别增加了25.46–31.03%14.47–27.64%;W–M/P改善了土壤活性碳组分,其中,20–40 cm土层潜在矿化碳、10–40 cm土层微生物量碳和10–20 cm土层的可有机碳的敏感指数分别达31.5%96.5–157.2%17.8%细菌群落组成和功能随土壤深度和种植系统的不同而变化,W–M/PW–M0–2020–40 cm土层分别具有相似的细菌群落组成和功能W–P相比,W–M的10–20 cm土层和WM/P的0–20 cm土层具有较高的移动元件contains mobile elements和耐胁迫stress tolerant功能基因丰度、较低的潜在致病potentially pathogenic基因丰度土壤有机碳和微生物量碳是影响土壤细菌群落的主要因素,其含量SphingomonadalesGemmatimonadales正相关Blastocatellales负相关;作物有机物料输入影响土壤有机碳微生物群落变化的主要因素,并反馈作用于作物产量。综上,与传统的W–M系统相比,W–M/P系统可提高作物产量、净收益,改善土壤有机碳库,在设计高产种植系统时考虑植物-土壤-微生物相互作用。

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2. 中国糖尿病风险与精米消费的关系:作物视角的现有知识和新研究方向
HUANG Min
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (10): 3234-3236.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.06.036
摘要216)      PDF    收藏

中国是世界上糖尿病患者最多的国家,促进健康饮食对控制中国糖尿病的流行至关重要。大米(主要是米)是中国近60%人口的主食。虽然米的膳食纤维、微量营养素和多酚含量较低,而碳水化合物(淀粉)和无机砷(iAs)含量较高,但没有一致的证据表明中国糖尿病风险与精米摄入量有关。不过,中国低直链淀粉含量水稻品种的开发应用及气候变暖会导致米饭血糖指数上升和稻米中iAs含量增加,进而可能促使与精米消费相关的糖尿病风险增加,这一点值得进一步研究。

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3. 优化水分管理措施提升北方马铃薯产量和水分利用效率
LI Yang, WANG Jing, FANG Quan-xiao, HU Qi, HUANG Ming-xia, CHEN Ren-wei, ZHANG Jun, HUANG Bin-xiang, PAN Zhi-hua, PAN Xue-biao
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (10): 3182-3192.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.04.027
摘要141)      PDF    收藏

马铃薯是中国北方主要的粮食作物之一然而降水少且年际波动大严重威胁着北方雨养马铃薯的高产和稳产。在水分限制条件下,优化水分管理措施可有效提升马铃薯的产量和水分利用效率,从而保证粮食安全。但当前较少研究定量不同水分管理措施对中国北方马铃薯产量和水分利用效率的贡献。本文基于多源大田试验数据和作物模型,使用Meta分析方法定量了中国北方大兴安岭区、燕山丘陵区、阴山北麓区和黄土高原区马铃薯的潜在、灌溉雨养产量及其水分利用效率。结果表明,APSIM-Potato模型模拟的马铃薯潜在干重产量在燕山丘陵最高(12.4 t ha-1),其次为阴山北麓(11.4 t ha-1)、大兴安岭11.2 t ha-1)、和黄土高原10.7 t ha-1)。大兴安岭、燕山丘陵、阴山北麓和黄土高原实测的雨养马铃薯干重产量分别占各区潜在产量的61302824%。潜在条件下燕山丘陵马铃薯的水分利用效率最高,其次为大兴安岭阴山北麓黄土高原,对应的水分利用效率分别为2.2、2.1、1.9和1.9 kg m-3。在北方马铃薯种植区,沟垄种植的马铃薯产量和水分利用效率可较平作提升8-49%2-36%,而沟垄种植搭配覆膜的马铃薯产量和水分利用效率可较平作提升35-89%7-57%。在水资源有限的马铃薯种植区,通过沟垄种植、覆膜和补灌相结合的水分管理方式能协同提高马铃薯的产量和水分利用效率。

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4. Low glycemic index: The next target for rice production in China?
HUANG Min, HU Li-qin
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2021, 20 (6): 1727-1729.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63299-3
摘要312)      PDF    收藏

中国65%人口以大米为主食。随着生活水平的不断提高,国人对优质食味(低直链淀粉含量)大米的消费和需求不断增加。但大米直链淀粉含量越低,其血糖指数往往越高,对糖尿病等慢性非传染性疾病的防治就越不利。基于中国已成为世界上糖尿病人最多的国家,我们呼吁应将低血糖指数作为水稻生产的一个目标。


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5. Reducing environmental risk of nitrogen by popularizing mechanically dense transplanting for rice production in China
HUANG Min, ZOU Ying-bin
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2020, 19 (9): 2362-2366.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63155-0
摘要140)      PDF    收藏
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6. Field identification of morphological and physiological traits in two special mutants with strong tolerance and high sensitivity to drought stress in upland rice (Oryza sativa L.)
HUANG Min, XU Yu-hui, WANG Hua-qi
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2019, 18 (5): 970-981.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(18)61909-4
摘要334)      PDF    收藏
The two mutants idr1-1 and 297-28, which were obtained from the radiation mutation of HD297 and IAPAR9, were used as experimental materials in this study for a 2-year (2012 and 2013) experiment about field drought resistance identification in Beijing, China.  Key agronomic traits and water-related physiological indexes were observed and measured, including the leaf anti-dead level (LADL), days to heading, plant height, setting percentage, aboveground biomass, leaf water potential (LWP), net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and transpiration rate.  The results showed that the mutant idr1-1 that was under drought stress (DS) conditions for 2 years had the highest LADL grades (1.3 and 2.0) among all the materials, and they were 2–3 grades stronger than the wild-type IAPAR9 with an average that was 21.4% higher for the setting percentage than the wild type.  Compared with the IAPAR9 for the 2-year average delay in the days to heading and the reduction rates in the plant height, setting percentage, and aboveground biomass under DS compared with the well-watered (WW) treatment, idr1-1 showed 3.2% less delay and 19.1, 16.4, and 6.1% less reduction, respectively.  The idr1-1 in the LWP always exhibited the highest performance among all the materials.  The Pn of idr1-1 under severe and mild DS comparing with that under WW was slightly decreased and even slightly increased, respectively, leading to an average reduction rate of only 0.92%, which was 26.93% less than that of IAPAR9.  Under the severe DS, idr1-1 still showed the highest value of 16.88 μmol CO2 m–2 s–1 among all the materials and was significantly higher than that of IAPAR9 (11.66 μmol CO2 m–2 s–1).  Furthermore, only idr1-1 had the increased and the highest transpiration rate values (7.6 and 6.04 mmol H2O m–2 s–1) under both mild and severe DS compared with the values under WW, when the transpiration rate of all the other materials significantly decreased.  By contrast, the 297-28 in terms of the LADL grade under DS was the lowest (7.0), and it was four grades weaker than its wild-type HD297 and even one grade weaker than the drought-sensitive paddy rice SN265.  For the 2-year average reduction rates in aboveground biomass and plant heights under DS compared with those under the WW, 297-28 was 31.6 and 31.8% higher than HD297, respectively.  Meanwhile, 297-28 showed the worst performance for the LWP, Pn, and transpiration rate.  These results suggest that idr1-1 might be a superior drought tolerant mutant of upland rice found in China.  It has a strong ability to maintain and even enhance leaf transpiration while maintaining a high plant water potential under DS, thus supporting a high Pn and alleviating the delay in agronomic trait development and yield loss effectively.  297-28 is a much more highly drought-sensitive mutant that is even more sensitive than paddy rice varieties.  The two mutants could be used as drought tolerance controls for rice germplasm identification and the drought resistant mechanism studies in the future.  idr1-1 is also suitable for breeding drought-tolerant and lodging-resistant high-yield rice varieties.
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7. Microsatellites reveal strong genetic structure in the common cutworm, Spodoptera litura
WU Huai-heng, WAN Peng, HUANG Min-song, LEI Chao-liang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2019, 18 (3): 636-643.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(18)61989-6
摘要190)      PDF(pc) (285KB)(151)    收藏
The common cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a voracious agricultural pest.  To increase understanding of the migration patterns and genetic diversity of different geographic populations of this species, we analyzed genetic variation in nine microsatellite loci among 576 individuals collected from 17 locations in China and one in Myanmar during 2011–2012.  We successfully identified 162 alleles, with an average of 18 alleles per locus and a range of 5 to 34.  The mean observed heterozygosity of the 18 populations ranged from 0.18 to 0.98, and the expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.19 to 0.89.  For the nine microsatellite markers studied, polymorphism information content ranged from 0.18 to 0.88 (mean=0.64).  We found low genetic differentiation among the 18 populations (mean F-statistics (FST)=0.05) and high genetic diversity among individuals.  Principle coordinates analysis indicated no significant correlation between geographic and genetic distance (r=0.04).  The value of  Nm (Nm>4)  estimated using coalescent-based methods suggests strong gene flow with migration.  The nine microsatellite markers identified in this study will be beneficial for further investigation of migration patterns and genetic diversity in S. litura.
 
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8. Continuous applications of biochar to rice: Effects on grain yield and yield attributes
HUANG Min, FAN Long, JIANG Li-geng, YANG Shu-ying, ZOU Ying-bin, Norman Uphoff
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2019, 18 (3): 563-570.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(18)61993-8
摘要199)      PDF(pc) (265KB)(204)    收藏

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9. No-tillage effects on grain yield and nitrogen requirements in hybrid rice transplanted with single seedlings: Results of a long-term experiment
HUANG Min, CHEN Jia-na, CAO Fang-bo, ZOU Ying-bin, Norman Uphoff
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2019, 18 (1): 24-32.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(17)61873-2
摘要249)      PDF    收藏
This study was conducted to determine whether, and if so how, the grain yield and nitrogen (N) requirements of hybrid rice transplanted as single seedlings are affected by no-tillage (NT) practices.  A fixed field experiment was done at the Experimental Farm of Hunan Agricultural University in Changsha, Hunan Province, China, from 2004 to 2014.  Grain yield and yield attributes (panicle number per m2, spikelet number per panicle, spikelet filling percentage, grain weight, total biomass, and harvest index) were evaluated as well as the N-use characteristics (total N uptake, internal N-use efficiency, and N requirements) of hybrid rice transplanted as single seedlings comparing NT with conventional tillage (CT).  A significant finding was that there were no significant differences in grain yield, yield attributes, and N-use characteristics between CT and NT.  Averaged across the 11 years, grain yield and N requirements were 9.51 t ha−1 and 20.2 kg t−1 under CT and 9.33 t ha−1 and 20.0 kg t−1 under NT, respectively.  There were significant yearly variations in grain yield, yield attributes, and N-use characteristics observed under both CT and NT.  The yearly variation in grain yield was related to simultaneous changes in spikelet number per panicle, grain weight, total biomass, and harvest index.  Also, it was found that grain yield was positively correlated with internal N-use efficiency but negatively correlated with N requirements.  It is concluded that grain yield and N requirements in hybrid rice when transplanted as single seedlings are not affected adversely by NT.  The results of this study suggest that (1) compatible relationships among yield attributes can be established in hybrid rice that is transplanted as single seedlings, and (2) higher grain yield and higher N-use efficiency can be concurrently achieved in hybrid rice transplanted as single seedlings.
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10. Why high grain yield can be achieved in single seedling machinetransplanted hybrid rice under dense planting conditions?
HUANG Min, SHAN Shuang-lü, XIE Xiao-bing, CAO Fang-bo, ZOU Ying-bin
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2018, 17 (06): 1299-1306.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(17)61771-4
摘要487)      PDF    收藏
Received  26 June, 2017    Accepted  8 August, 2017

© 2018 CAAS. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V.  All rights reserved.
doi:
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11. Development of elite restoring lines by integrating blast resistance and low amylose content using MAS
XIAO Wu-ming, PENG Xin, LUO Li-xin, LIANG Ke-qin, WANG Jia-feng, HUANG Ming, LIU Yong-zhu, GUO Tao, LUO Wen-long, YANG Qi-yun, ZHU Xiao-yuan, WANG Hui, CHEN Zhi-qiang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2018, 17 (01): 16-27.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(17)61684-8
摘要652)      PDF    收藏
Blast resistance and grain quality are major problems in hybrid rice production in China.  In this study, two resistance (R) genes, Pi46 and Pita, along with the gene Wxb, which mainly affects rice endosperm amylose content (AC), were introgressed into an elite indica restoring line, R8166, which has little blast resistance and poor grain quality through marker-assisted selection (MAS).  Eight improved lines were found to have recurrent genome recovery ratios ranging from 88.68 to 96.23%.  Two improved lines, R163 and R167, were selected for subsequent studies.  R167, which has the highest recovery ratio (96.23%), showed no significant differences in multiple agronomic traits.  In contrast, R163 with the lowest recovery ratio (88.68%) exhibited significant differences in heading date and yield per plant compared with the recurrent parent.  At two developmental stages, R163 and R167 had greatly enhanced resistance to blast over the recurrent parent.  Similar trends were also observed for agronomic traits and blast resistance in R163- and R167-derived hybrids when compared with the counterparts from R8166.  In addition, R163, R167, and their derived hybrids significantly improved the grain quality traits, including amylose content (AC), gel consistency (GC), chalky grain rate (CGR), and degree of endosperm chalkiness (DEC).  It confirmed the success of efficiently developing elite restoring lines using MAS in this study.
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12. Yield potential and stability in super hybrid rice and its production strategies
HUANG Min, TANG Qi-yuan, AO He-jun, ZOU Ying-bin
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2017, 16 (05): 1009-1017.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(16)61535-6
摘要917)      PDF    收藏
China’s Super Hybrid Rice Breeding Program has made significant progress over the past two decades.  In this paper, we reviewed our studies on the yield potential and stability in super hybrid rice and discussed the strategies for super hybrid rice production.  The results of our studies show that rice yield potential has been increased by 12% in super hybrid cultivars as compared with ordinary hybrid and inbred cultivars.  The higher grain yields in super hybrid rice cultivars are attributed to larger panicle size coupled with higher biomass production or higher harvest index.  However, grain yields in super hybrid rice cultivars vary widely among locations depending on soil and climatic factors.  Therefore, it is important to tailor target yield to local conditions in super hybrid rice production.  The target yield for super hybrid rice production can be determined by the average yield method or the regression model method.  Improving soil quality is critical to achieving the target yield in super hybrid rice production.  Favorable crop rotations such as rice-oilseed rape and novel soil management practices, such as biochar addition, are effective approaches to improve soil quality.  It is needed to develop simplified cultivation technologies for super hybrid rice to meet the changes in socioeconomic environments during the period of transition.  There are such technologies as no-tillage direct seeding and mechanized transplanting at high hill density with single seedling per hill.
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13. Pathogenicity of Klebsiella pneumonia (KpC4) infecting maize and mice
HUANG Min, LIN Li, WU Yi-xin, Honhing Ho, HE Peng-fei, LI Guo-zhi, HE Peng-bo, XIONG Guo-ru, YUAN Yuan, HE Yue-qiu
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2016, 15 (7): 1510-1520.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(16)61334-5
摘要1561)      PDF    收藏
   Recently, a new bacterial top rot disease of maize has frequently appeared in many areas of Yunnan Province, China. The pathogen of the disease was identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae (KpC4), which is well known to cause pulmonary and urinary diseases in humans and animals and occasionally exists as a harmless endophyte in plants. To evaluate the virulence of the maize pathogen to maize and mice, we inoculated maize and mice with routine inoculation and intraperitoneal injection respectively according to Koch’s postulates. The results showed that KpC4 and the clinical strain K. pneumoniae 138 (Kp138) were all highly pathogenic to maize and mice and the strain re-isolated from diseased mice also caused typical top rot symptoms on maize by artificial inoculation. It is highlighting that a seemingly dedicated human/animal pathogen could cause plant disease. This is the first report of K. pneumoniae, an opportunistic pathogen of human/animal, could infect maize and mice. The findings serve as an alert to plant, medical and veterinarian scientists regarding a potentially dangerous bacterial pathogen infecting both plants and animals/humans. The maize plants in the field could serve as a reservoir for K. pneumoniae which might infect animals and probably humans when conditions are favorable. The new findings not only are significant in the developing control strategy for the new disease in Yunnan, but also serve as a starting point for further studies on the mechanism of pathogenesis and epidemiology of K. pneumoniae.
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14. Comparisons of yield performance and nitrogen response between hybrid and inbred rice under different ecological conditions in southern China
JIANG Peng, XIE Xiao-bing, HUANG Min, ZHOU Xue-feng, ZHANG Rui-chun, CHEN Jia-na, WU Dan-dan, XIA Bing, XU Fu-xian, XIONG Hong, ZOU Ying-bin
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2015, 14 (7): 1283-1294.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(14)60929-1
摘要2025)      PDF    收藏
In order to understand the yield performance and nitrogen (N) response of hybrid rice under different ecological conditions in southern China, field experiments were conducted in Huaiji County of Guangdong Province, Binyang of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Changsha City of Hunan Province, southern China in 2011 and 2012. Two hybrid (Liangyoupeijiu and Y-liangyou 1) and two inbred rice cultivars (Yuxiangyouzhan and Huanghuazhan) were grown under three N treatments (N1, 225 kg ha–1; N2, 112.5–176 kg ha–1; N3, 0 kg ha–1) in each location. Results showed that grain yield was higher in Changsha than in Huaiji and Binyang for both hybrid and inbred cultivars. The higher grain yield in Changsha was attributed to larger panicle size (spikelets per panicle) and higher biomass production. Consistently higher grain yield in hybrid than in inbred cultivars was observed in Changsha but not in Huaiji and Binyang. Higher grain weight and higher biomass production were responsible for the higher grain yield in hybrid than in inbred cultivars in Changsha. The better crop performance of rice (especially hybrid cultivars) in Changsha was associated with its temperature conditions and indigenous soil N. N2 had higher internal N use efficiency, recovery efficiency of applied N, agronomic N use efficiency, and partial factor productivity of applied N than N1 for both hybrid and inbred cultivars, while the difference in grain yield between N1 and N2 was relatively small. Our study suggests that whether hybrid rice can outyield inbred rice to some extent depends on the ecological conditions, and N use efficiency can be increased by using improved nitrogen management such as site-specific N management in both hybrid and inbred rice production.
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15. Emergence, Mating and Oviposition Behavior of the Chinese Population in Pink Bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)
WU Huai-heng, HUANG Min-song, WAN Peng, Kris A G Wyckhuys , WU Kong-ming
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2013, 12 (4): 653-662.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(13)60283-X
摘要1442)      PDF    收藏
The pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is one of the most serious lepidopteran pests of cotton in the world. This pest invaded China at the onset of the 20th century, possibly through repeated introductions from several different locations worldwide. In this paper, we describe different behavioral parameters of this Hubei P. gossypiella strain under laboratory and field conditions. Using an infra-red video recorder, we observed (nocturnal) emergence, flight and mating activities, and oviposition patterns. Moth emergence started from 13:00 and continued up till 23:00. Under laboratory and field conditions, 2-7-d-old moths initiated flight around sunset, peaked 50 min later and gradually declined until 04:00. Although mating started immediately after darkness (i.e., 20:00), mating behavior was most intense from 23:00 to 03:40. Oviposition also showed distinct time-related patterns, with approx. 70% eggs laid between 20:00 and 22:00. In the studies of the relationship between flight and oviposition, the duration of flight had an effect on oviposition. The 1-d-old moths flown for 6 and 12 h began oviposition earlier than the unflown ones, and the 6-h flight had no effect on the egg production. However, the longevity of the flown moths was shortened after flight. In addition, the peaks of oviposition for the flown moths were advanced 2-3 d. The age when the moths flied affected the oviposition of adult moths. The earlier the moths started to fly after emergence, the greater the fecundity they had. The average egg production of moths flown for 24 h was less than that of non-flown moths which were of the same age. Both flight and delay in mating could advance the oviposition peak. Our study provides detailed insights in nocturnal activities and the reproductive biology of local P. gossypiella populations, which could be employed to fine-tune current pest management programs in China.
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16. Comparisons of Yield and Growth Behaviors of Hybrid Rice Under Different Nitrogen Management Methods in Tropical and Subtropical Environments
Ibrahim Md, PENG Shao-bing, TANG Qi-yuan, HUANG Min, JIANG Peng , ZOU Ying-bin
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2013, 12 (4): 621-629.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(13)60280-4
摘要1555)      PDF    收藏
To compare the grain yield and growth behaviors of hybrid rice, field experiments were conducted in a subtropical environment in Changsha, Hunan Province, China, and in two tropical environments in Gazipur and Habiganj in Bangladesh during 2009 to 2011. Three hybrid rice cultivars were grown under three nitrogen (N) management treatments in each experiment. The results showed that grain yield was significantly affected by locations, N treatments and their interaction but not by cultivars. Changsha produced 8-58% higher grain yields than Bangladesh locations. Sink size (spikelet number per unit land area) was responsible for these yield differences. Larger panicle size (spikelet number per panicle) contributed to greater sink size in Changsha. Aboveground total biomass was greater in Changsha than in Bangladesh locations, whereas harvest index was higher in Bangladesh locations than in Changsha. Crop growth rate (CGR) was greater at Changsha than Bangladesh locations during vegetative phase, while the difference was relatively small and not consistent during the later growth phases. Higher leaf area index and leaf area duration were partly responsible for the greater CGR in Changsha. Real-time N management (RTNM) produced lower grain yields than fixed-time N management in more than half of the experiments. Our study suggested that further improvement in rice yield in the tropical environments similar to those of Bangladesh will depend mainly on the ability to increase panicle size as well as CGR during vegetative phase, and the chlorophyll meter threshold value used in RTNM needs to be modified according to environmental conditions and cultivar characteristics to achieve a desirable grain yield.
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17. Relationship Between Grain Yield and Yield Components in Super Hybrid Rice
HUANG Min, ZOU Ying-bin, JIANG Peng, XIA Bing, Md Ibrahim , AO He-jun
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2011, 10 (10): 1537-1544.   DOI: 10.1016/S1671-2927(11)60149-1
摘要2797)      PDF    收藏
Chinese super hybrid rice breeding project has developed many new varieties with great yield potential. It is controversial which yield component should be emphasized in super hybrid rice production. The present study was conducted to compare super hybrid rice with common hybrid and super inbred rice and analyze contributions of yield components to grain yield of super hybrid rice under experimental conditions, and evaluate relationships between grain yield and yield components of super hybrid rice in farmer’s paddy fields. Field experiments were done in Changsha, Guidong, and Nanxian, Hunan Province, China, from 2007 to 2009. Eight super hybrid varieties, one common hybrid variety, and one super inbred variety were grown in each location and year. Rice production investigation was undertaken in high-yielding (Guidong), moderate-yielding (Nanxian), and low-yielding (Ningxiang) regions of Hunan Province, China, in 2009. Grain yield and yield components were measured in both the field experiments and rice production investigation. Super hybrid rice varieties outyielded common hybrid and super inbred varieties across three locations and years. Yield potential has been increased by 11.4% in super hybrid rice varieties compared with common and super inbred varieties. The higher yield of super hybrid varieties was attributed to improvement in panicle size. Panicles per m2 had the highest positive contribution to grain yield with the exception under yield level of 10.0 to 12.0 t ha-1, and was positively related to grain yield in farmer’s field at all of the high-, moderate-, and low-yielding regions. Our study suggests that panicle per m2 ought to be emphasized in super hybrid rice production.
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