中国农业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (18): 3846-3855.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.18.018
• 研究简报 • 上一篇
收稿日期:
2020-02-14
接受日期:
2020-04-15
出版日期:
2020-09-16
发布日期:
2020-09-25
通讯作者:
王立浩
作者简介:
张宝玺,E-mail: 基金资助:
ZHANG BaoXi(),WANG LiHao(
),ZHANG ZhengHai,CAO YaCong,YU Hailong
Received:
2020-02-14
Accepted:
2020-04-15
Online:
2020-09-16
Published:
2020-09-25
Contact:
LiHao WANG
摘要:
辣(甜)椒是我国栽培面积最大的蔬菜作物,年播种面积约2.2×106 hm2,其中甜椒约5×105hm2。生产上传统病害如疫病、病毒病等依然严峻,近年来辣椒轻斑驳病毒(PMMoV,烟草花叶病毒属)等新型流行病害爆发,严重制约甜椒生产;同时,消费者对品种的品质、多样性提出更高要求。笔者课题组先后从国内外引进甜(辣)椒种质资源1 400余份,通过鉴定、评价,筛选出具有抗病毒病、白粉病和果大、皮薄、光泽度好、品质优等优良性状的种质资源120余份。构建了与抗TMV(L3、L4)、抗番茄斑点萎蔫病毒TSWV(Tsw)等重要性状紧密连锁的分子标记,辅助育种准确率达90%以上。通过常规育种技术和分子标记相结合,创制出含有抗PMMoV(P0,1,2)L3,且兼具抗TMV、ToMV、PMMoV(P0,1,2)、CMV和疫病,果大、果实均一度高、光泽度好等综合性状优良、配合力高的甜椒骨干亲本‘0516’,以其为骨干亲本,培育出4个新一代优质、多抗、适应不同生态区的新品种‘中椒105号’‘中椒106号’‘中椒107号’‘中椒108号’。上述系列新品种含有L 3,抗TMV、PMMoV(P0,1,2),兼抗CMV和疫病;果实形状大小、色泽、整齐度等商品品质,Vc等营养品质显著提高。
张宝玺,王立浩,张正海,曹亚从,于海龙. 甜椒L 3应对辣椒轻斑驳病毒及中椒系列新品种的选育[J]. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(18): 3846-3855.
ZHANG BaoXi,WANG LiHao,ZHANG ZhengHai,CAO YaCong,YU Hailong. Development of New Varieties of ZHONGJIAO Pepper Resistant to Pepper Mild Mottle Virus Using L 3Gene[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(18): 3846-3855.
表1
2001—2015年不同年份引进甜(辣)椒种质资源数量统计表"
引进地区 Introduction of the region | 年份 Year | 合计 Total | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
2001—2005 | 2006—2010 | 2010—2015 | ||
中国各省、市、区Chinese provinces, cities and districts | 230 | 322 | 336 | 888 |
欧美 Europe and America | 101 | 156 | 181 | 438 |
日本Japan | 12 | 2 | 1 | 15 |
南亚South Asia | 1 | 10 | 8 | 19 |
其他Other | 22 | 31 | 7 | 60 |
合计Total | 367 | 521 | 533 | 1420 |
表2
2001-2015年通过鉴定、评价出的优良育种原始材料"
材料特性 Material property | 来源 Source | 份数 Number | 代表种质 Typical germplasm |
---|---|---|---|
抗TMV TMV-resistant | 中国、法国、日本、美国等 China, France, Japan, America, etc | 21 | Alliance;斯玛特;考曼其 Alliance;Smart; Kaomanchi |
抗CMV CMV-resistant | 泰国、法国等 Thailand, France, etc | 9 | OrientE3 (MaxzxMax3) 51-39; OrientE3 (MaxzxMax3) 51-39b; OrientE3(Max1xNana) |
抗疫病 Phytophthora-resistant | 泰国、法国等 Thailand, France, etc | 10 | RP30; RP38; RP40; RP4 |
抗炭疽 Anthracnose-resistant | 亚蔬中心 Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center | 5 | PBC932; PBC81 |
抗疮痂 Scab-resistant | 中国、泰国、法国等 China, Thailand, France, etc | 7 | PS09979325 XCR10;PBC446 |
抗PVY PVY-resistant | 中国、法国、美国等 China, France, America, etc | 21 | Alliance;科曼;斯特朗 Alliance;Keman; Sitelang |
抗青枯 Bacterial wilt-resistant | 中国等 China, etc | 13 | 马来西亚椒;肉厚牛角椒;PBC204 Malaysian; Thick horn pepper; PBC204 |
抗CVMV CVMV-resistant | 中国等 China, etc | 12 | GTCV1; GTCV2; GTCV3 |
抗蓟马 Thrip-resistant | 荷兰等 Holland, etc | 10 | Bisbas; Ac 1979 |
抗线虫 Nematode-resistant | 法国等 France, etc | 5 | DH330; DH149; CM334 |
耐低温、弱光 Tolerance to low temperature and weak light | 荷兰等 Holland, etc | 7 | 37-74; 37-82等 |
耐寒 cold-resistant | 美国 America | 3 | Florist type; Poinsettia |
其他 Other | 中国、俄罗斯、日本等 China, Russia, Japan, etc | 9 |
表3
辣椒抗病分子标记辅助育种体系"
抗病种类 Disease-resistant species | 基因名称 Gene name | 显/隐性 Dominant/ Recessive | 位座 Chromosomal location | 连锁标记 Linkage marker | 参考文献 Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
烟草花叶病毒Tobacco mosaic virus | L3,4 | 显性Dominant | P11 | SCAR | [27-28] |
番茄斑点萎蔫病毒Tomato spot wilt virus | Tsw | 显性Dominant | P10 | CAPS | [29-30] |
黄瓜花叶病毒Cucumber mosaic virus | QTL (2) | 共显性Codominant | P12 | KASP-UN54228 | [31] |
马铃薯Y病毒Potato virus Y | Pvr4 | 显性Dominant | P10 | CAPS | [32-33] |
疮痂病 Bacterial spot | Bs2 | 显性Dominant | - | SCAR-A2 | [27,34] |
Bs3 | 显性Dominant | P2 | SCAR | [27,35] | |
疫病 Phytophthora capsici | QTL (18) | 共显性Codominant | P5 | KASP-5-160 | 专利技术,未发表 Patented technology and unpublished |
炭疽病Anthracnose | QTL (P5.1) | 共显性Codominant | P5 | KASPUN27353 | [18] |
白粉病Powdery mildew | QTL (5) | 共显性Codominant | P6 | SSRH6-96 | [36] |
根结线虫 Root-knot nematode | N | 显性Dominant | P9 | SCAR | [25] |
Me1 | 显性Dominant | P9 | 16830CAPS | [37] |
表5
不完全双列杂交组合的平均折合亩产情况(2010年,中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所农场)"
组合 Combination | 亩产 Acre yield (kg/667 m2) | 组合 Combination | 亩产 Acre yield (kg/667 m2) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
A×B | 4257.68 | B×F | 4118.73 | |
A×C | 3741.87 | C×D | 3774.11 | |
A×D | 3551.78 | C×E | 4404.98 | |
A×E | 4518.93 | C×F | 4035.35 | |
A×F | 4353.29 | D×E | 4669.00 | |
B×C | 4302.15 | D×F | 4452.23 | |
B×D | 4624.53 | E×F | 3251.63 | |
B×E | 4741.81 |
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