中国农业科学 ›› 2018, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (18): 3508-3519.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2018.18.007
金柳艳(), 郭宁, 石洁(
), 张海剑, 刘树森, 张家齐
收稿日期:
2018-04-21
接受日期:
2018-06-25
出版日期:
2018-09-16
发布日期:
2018-09-16
作者简介:
联系方式:金柳艳,E-mail:
基金资助:
LiuYan JIN(), Ning GUO, Jie SHI(
), HaiJian ZHANG, ShuSen LIU, JiaQi ZHANG
Received:
2018-04-21
Accepted:
2018-06-25
Online:
2018-09-16
Published:
2018-09-16
摘要:
【目的】明确黄淮海夏玉米区玉米籽粒带菌量,为玉米安全生产、储藏加工以及检疫提供参考依据。【方法】分别于玉米乳熟期及完熟期,采集黄淮海夏玉米区4个省(河北、河南、山东、安徽)90个市/县的玉米果穗,每个市/县采集表面未发生病症且果穗饱满的玉米穗4个,共采集720个样本。对所有样本进行籽粒外部及内部带菌量及带菌种类的检测,外部检测采用洗涤检测法,通过统计菌落总数与稀释倍数,计算籽粒表面的孢子负荷量及分离到的各菌属的分离比例;内部检测采用PDA平板法,对籽粒外部检测过的10个籽粒消毒后置于PDA平板上进行培养,统计每个籽粒带菌情况,计算籽粒带菌率及各菌属的分离频率。并且对籽粒内部分离频率较大的菌群进行形态学和分子鉴定。【结果】供试样本带菌量较大,乳熟期籽粒孢子负荷量在0—1 886个/粒,均值为439个/粒,籽粒带菌率在0—65.0%,均值为23.6%;完熟期籽粒孢子负荷量在18—2 658个/粒,均值为942个/粒,籽粒带菌率在10.0%—100.0%,均值为59.6%。完熟期带菌量大于乳熟期,但部分地区乳熟期带菌量仍较大。不同地区玉米籽粒带菌量存在差异,河南省的玉米籽粒带菌量较大,安徽省带菌量最少,河北省与山东省居中且差异不明显。玉米籽粒内部以及外部均携带的真菌类群有镰孢菌(Fusarium spp.)、青霉菌(Penicillium spp.)、曲霉菌(Aspergillus spp.)、链格孢菌(Alternaria spp.)、木霉菌(Trichoderma spp.)、根霉菌(Rhizopus spp.)、蠕孢菌(Hel-minthosporium spp.)、毛霉菌(Mucor spp.)。乳熟期籽粒外部和内部镰孢菌的分离比例分别为59.1%和36.1%,说明玉米在乳熟期时即有大量镰孢菌侵入;籽粒外部青霉菌和曲霉菌的分离比例分别为8.9%与0.7%,籽粒内部的分离频率分别为6.0%与1.9%,说明乳熟期青霉菌与曲霉菌也已经开始侵染玉米果穗。完熟期籽粒外部与内部镰孢菌的分离比例分别为71.9%和58.5%,籽粒外部青霉菌和曲霉菌的分离比例分别为17.0%和0.9%,籽粒内部分离频率分别为9.3%和2.6%,说明镰孢菌、青霉菌、曲霉菌为本研究黄淮海夏玉米区玉米籽粒携带的主要真菌。形态与分子鉴定结果显示,镰孢菌属中轮枝镰孢(F. verticillioides)的分离频率为29.7%,层出镰孢(F. proliferatum)的分离频率为25.9%,禾谷镰孢(F. graminearum)的分离频率为1.3%,表明轮枝镰孢为优势菌;青霉菌主要分离到绳状青霉(P. funiculosum)和草酸青霉(P. oxalicum),分离频率分别为5.0%和3.6%;曲霉菌主要为黄曲霉(A. flavus)和黑曲霉(A. niger),分离频率分别为1.4%和1.2%。【结论】表面无症状的玉米籽粒在乳熟期及完熟期均携带大量病原菌,且完熟期带菌量大于乳熟期;镰孢菌在黄淮海夏玉米区的分离频率最大,轮枝镰孢为当地玉米籽粒携带的优势真菌。
金柳艳, 郭宁, 石洁, 张海剑, 刘树森, 张家齐. 黄淮海夏玉米区玉米籽粒带菌检测分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2018, 51(18): 3508-3519.
LiuYan JIN, Ning GUO, Jie SHI, HaiJian ZHANG, ShuSen LIU, JiaQi ZHANG. Detection and Analysis of Fungi Carried by Maize Grain in Huang-Huai-Hai Summer Maize Region[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2018, 51(18): 3508-3519.
表1
采样地区与时间"
省份 Province | 乳熟期采样时间 Sampling time of milk-ripening stage | 完熟期采样时间 Sampling time of full-ripening stage |
---|---|---|
河北Hebei | 2017-09-07—2017-09-09 | 2017-09-23—2017-09-25 |
河南Henan | 2017-09-01—2017-09-03 | 2017-09-18—2017-09-20 |
山东Shandong | 2017-09-04—2017-09-07 | 2017-09-21—2017-09-23 |
安徽Anhui | 2017-09-04 | 2017-09-20 |
表2
不同地区籽粒带菌结果"
编号 Number | 省 Province | 市/县 City/County | 籽粒带菌率Rate of grains with fungi (%) | 孢子负荷量(个/粒)Spore load | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
乳熟期 Milk-ripening stage | 完熟期 Full-ripening stage | 乳熟期 Milk-ripening stage | 完熟期 Full-ripening stage | |||
1 | 河北Hebei | 武强Wuqiang | 10.0 | 52.5 | 75 | 33 |
2 | 河北Hebei | 涿州Zhuozhou | 2.5 | 55.0 | 1448 | 2160 |
3 | 河北Hebei | 万全Wanquan | 47.5 | 47.5 | 188 | 228 |
4 | 河北Hebei | 昌黎Changli | 2.5 | 40.0 | 34 | 128 |
5 | 河北Hebei | 怀来Huailai | 5.0 | 47.5 | 0 | 83 |
6 | 河北Hebei | 滦平Luanping | 47.5 | 87.5 | 1064 | 1123 |
7 | 河北Hebei | 廊坊Langfang | 15.0 | 85.0 | 90 | 1780 |
8 | 河北Hebei | 平泉Pingquan | 35.0 | 77.5 | 240 | 1895 |
9 | 河北Hebei | 玉田Yutian | 32.5 | 75.0 | 604 | 863 |
10 | 河北Hebei | 故城Gucheng | 32.5 | 87.5 | 202 | 538 |
11 | 河北Hebei | 鹿泉Luquan | 5.0 | 72.5 | 1020 | 1278 |
12 | 河北Hebei | 沧州Cangzhou | 12.5 | 60.0 | 324 | 425 |
13 | 河北Hebei | 定兴Dingxing | 17.5 | 65.0 | 54 | 70 |
14 | 河北Hebei | 衡水Hengshui | 7.5 | 75.0 | 636 | 938 |
15 | 河北Hebei | 赵县Zhaoxian | 12.5 | 80.0 | 330 | 823 |
16 | 河北Hebei | 邢台Xingtai | 2.5 | 40.0 | 174 | 265 |
17 | 河北Hebei | 藁城Gaocheng | 16.0 | 42.5 | 77 | 313 |
18 | 河北Hebei | 蠡县Lixian | 37.5 | 50.0 | 984 | 1303 |
19 | 河北Hebei | 高阳Gaoyang | 17.5 | 42.5 | 66 | 288 |
20 | 河北Hebei | 大明Daming | 22.5 | 52.5 | 708 | 1263 |
21 | 河北Hebei | 肃宁Suning | 0.0 | 47.5 | 260 | 1453 |
22 | 河北Hebei | 成安Cheng’an | 7.5 | 65.0 | 86 | 1845 |
23 | 河北Hebei | 无极Wuji | 52.5 | 57.5 | 14 | 1008 |
24 | 河北Hebei | 鸡泽Jize | 15.0 | 50.0 | 68 | 1520 |
25 | 河北Hebei | 新乐Xinle | 5.0 | 37.5 | 642 | 648 |
26 | 河北Hebei | 河间Hejian | 20.0 | 50.0 | 64 | 1260 |
27 | 河北Hebei | 满城Mancheng | 42.5 | 55.0 | 36 | 78 |
28 | 河北Hebei | 望都Wangdu | 30.0 | 70.0 | 12 | 793 |
29 | 河北Hebei | 深州Shenzhou | 5.0 | 67.5 | 64 | 1183 |
30 | 河南Henan | 睢阳Suiyang | 2.5 | 52.5 | 28 | 265 |
31 | 河南Henan | 新郑Xinzheng | 27.5 | 100.0 | 2 | 275 |
32 | 河南Henan | 汝阳Ruyang | 20.0 | 57.5 | 112 | 360 |
33 | 河南Henan | 温县Wenxian | 25.0 | 97.5 | 88 | 573 |
34 | 河南Henan | 淇县Qixian | 10.0 | 72.5 | 42 | 168 |
35 | 河南Henan | 南阳Nanyang | 5.0 | 95.0 | 4 | 643 |
36 | 河南Henan | 鹤壁Hebi | 47.5 | 87.5 | 370 | 453 |
37 | 河南Henan | 驻马店Zhumadian | 47.5 | 52.5 | 78 | 545 |
38 | 河南Henan | 淮阳Huaiyang | 37.5 | 100.0 | 368 | 18 |
续 | ||||||
编号 Number | 省 Province | 市/县 City/County | 籽粒带菌率Rate of grains with fungi (%) | 孢子负荷量(个/粒)Spore load | ||
乳熟期 Milk-ripening stage | 完熟期 Full-ripening stage | 乳熟期 Milk-ripening stage | 完熟期 Full-ripening stage | |||
39 | 河南Henan | 遂平Suiping | 10.0 | 97.5 | 492 | 867 |
40 | 河南Henan | 夏邑Xiayi | 60.0 | 82.5 | 452 | 1208 |
41 | 河南Henan | 焦作Jiaozuo | 37.5 | 92.5 | 106 | 1503 |
42 | 河南Henan | 漯河Luohe | 35.0 | 70.0 | 970 | 1910 |
43 | 河南Henan | 通许Tongxu | 20.0 | 48.0 | 160 | 2252 |
44 | 河南Henan | 平顶山Pingdingshan | 32.5 | 52.5 | 1410 | 2290 |
45 | 河南Henan | 内黄Neihuang | 22.5 | 45.0 | 160 | 783 |
46 | 河南Henan | 襄县Xiangxian | 15.0 | 77.5 | 1056 | 2658 |
47 | 河南Henan | 洛阳Luoyang | 32.5 | 70.0 | 1320 | 2638 |
48 | 河南Henan | 太康Taikang | 60.0 | 62.5 | 266 | 600 |
49 | 河南Henan | 邓州Dengzhou | 65.0 | 85.0 | 1632 | 1850 |
50 | 河南Henan | 原阳Yuanyang | 55.0 | 60.0 | 1074 | 1498 |
51 | 河南Henan | 滑县Huaxian | 30.0 | 47.5 | 846 | 953 |
52 | 河南Henan | 南乐Nanle | 12.5 | 47.5 | 920 | 1233 |
53 | 河南Henan | 商丘Shangqiu | 2.5 | 42.5 | 776 | 995 |
54 | 河南Henan | 辉县Huixian | 53.3 | 45.0 | 812 | 1185 |
55 | 河南Henan | 新乡Xinxiang | 22.5 | 45.0 | 156 | 400 |
56 | 山东Shandong | 德州Dezhou | 16.0 | 70.0 | 264 | 1038 |
57 | 山东Shandong | 嘉祥Jiaxiang | 30.0 | 52.5 | 770 | 808 |
58 | 山东Shandong | 莘县Shenxian | 47.5 | 55.0 | 621 | 805 |
59 | 山东Shandong | 莱州Laizhou | 27.5 | 47.5 | 302 | 660 |
60 | 山东Shandong | 章丘Zhangqiu | 20.0 | 52.5 | 640 | 1363 |
61 | 山东Shandong | 菏泽Heze | 32.5 | 45.0 | 339 | 1240 |
62 | 山东Shandong | 泰安Taian | 12.5 | 85.0 | 430 | 418 |
63 | 山东Shandong | 冠县Guanxian | 5.0 | 62.5 | 230 | 812 |
64 | 山东Shandong | 莱阳Laiyang | 0.0 | 77.5 | 1550 | 1836 |
65 | 山东Shandong | 青岛Qingdao | 22.5 | 45.0 | 613 | 932 |
66 | 山东Shandong | 临沂Linyi | 15.0 | 65.0 | 333 | 350 |
67 | 山东Shandong | 济阳Jiyang | 55.0 | 85.0 | 418 | 444 |
68 | 山东Shandong | 齐河Qihe | 50.0 | 72.5 | 410 | 936 |
69 | 山东Shandong | 曲阜Qufu | 25.0 | 57.5 | 270 | 366 |
70 | 山东Shandong | 诸城Zhucheng | 15.0 | 92.5 | 443 | 408 |
71 | 山东Shandong | 平度Pingdu | 20.0 | 32.5 | 86 | 635 |
72 | 山东Shandong | 宁津Ningjin | 30.0 | 47.5 | 456 | 1043 |
73 | 山东Shandong | 莒县Juxian | 12.5 | 47.5 | 34 | 2228 |
74 | 山东Shandong | 郓城Yuncheng | 27.5 | 20.0 | 306 | 850 |
75 | 山东Shandong | 滨州Binzhou | 42.5 | 62.5 | 12 | 605 |
76 | 山东Shandong | 平原Pingyuan | 27.5 | 42.5 | 882 | 978 |
77 | 山东Shandong | 聊城Liaocheng | 20.0 | 45.0 | 204 | 520 |
续 | ||||||
编号 Number | 省 Province | 市/县 City/County | 籽粒带菌率Rate of grains with fungi (%) | 孢子负荷量(个/粒)Spore load | ||
乳熟期 Milk-ripening stage | 完熟期 Full-ripening stage | 乳熟期 Milk-ripening stage | 完熟期 Full-ripening stage | |||
78 | 山东Shandong | 济宁Jining | 20.0 | 42.5 | 1886 | 1948 |
79 | 山东Shandong | 茌平Chiping | 7.5 | 35.0 | 340 | 405 |
80 | 山东Shandong | 平邑Pingyi | 37.5 | 65.0 | 528 | 1308 |
81 | 山东Shandong | 临朐Linqu | 8.0 | 52.0 | 404 | 788 |
82 | 山东Shandong | 潍坊Weifang | 12.0 | 26.0 | 34 | 453 |
83 | 安徽Anhui | 阜阳Fuyang | 12.0 | 34.0 | 146 | 553 |
84 | 安徽Anhui | 泗县Sixian | 48.0 | 40.0 | 696 | 1233 |
85 | 安徽Anhui | 立辛Lixin | 18.0 | 64.0 | 224 | 775 |
86 | 安徽Anhui | 蒙城Mengcheng | 2.0 | 70.0 | 1250 | 1320 |
87 | 安徽Anhui | 濉溪Suixi | 6.0 | 70.0 | 18 | 308 |
88 | 安徽Anhui | 蚌埠Bengbu | 4.0 | 10.0 | 628 | 1458 |
89 | 安徽Anhui | 界首Jieshou | 40.0 | 54.0 | 284 | 290 |
90 | 安徽Anhui | 宿州Suzhou | 6.0 | 22.0 | 206 | 960 |
均值Average | 23.6 | 59.6 | 439 | 942 |
表3
不同省份玉米籽粒外部携带主要真菌的分离比例"
省份 Province | 乳熟期分离比例 Isolation rate at milk-ripening stage (%) | 完熟期分离比例 Isolation rate at full-ripening stage (%) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
孢子负荷量 (个/粒) Spore load | 镰孢菌 Fusarium spp. | 青霉菌 Penicillium spp. | 曲霉菌 Aspergillus spp. | 孢子负荷量 (个/粒) Spore load | 镰孢菌 Fusarium spp. | 青霉菌 Penicillium spp. | 曲霉菌 Aspergillus spp. | |
河北Hebei | 330 | 58.5 | 6.5 | 0.6 | 882 | 58.7 | 22.9 | 0.9 |
河南Henan | 527 | 62.6 | 8.6 | 0.2 | 1082 | 75.8 | 13.6 | 0.3 |
山东Shandong | 474 | 61.4 | 6.5 | 1.9 | 895 | 83.3 | 11.6 | 2.2 |
安徽Anhui | 432 | 53.7 | 13.8 | 0 | 862 | 69.7 | 19.9 | 0.2 |
均值Average | 441 | 59.1 | 8.9 | 0.7 | 930 | 71.9 | 17.0 | 0.9 |
表4
不同省份玉米籽粒内部分离病原菌种类及分离频率"
省份 Province | 轮枝镰孢 F. verticillioides | 层出镰孢 F. proliferatum | 禾谷镰孢 F. graminearum | 绳状青霉 P. funiculosum | 草酸青霉 P. oxalicum | 黄曲霉 A. flavus | 黑曲霉 A. niger | 其他 Others |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
河北Hebei | 23.2 | 23.7 | 0.3 | 3.3 | 4.1 | 0.6 | 2.5 | 42.3 |
河南Henan | 35.9 | 22.1 | 3.0 | 3.2 | 5.8 | 1.5 | 1.1 | 27.4 |
山东Shandong | 31.4 | 30.1 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 4.5 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 27.8 |
安徽Anhui | 28.1 | 27.5 | 0.0 | 11.5 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.0 | 30.9 |
均值Average | 29.7 | 25.9 | 1.3 | 5.0 | 3.6 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 32.1 |
表5
不同省份玉米籽粒内部携带主要真菌的分离频率"
省份 Province | 乳熟期分离频率 Isolation frequency at milk-ripening stage | 完熟期分离频率 Isolation frequency at full-ripening stage | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
籽粒带菌率 Rate of grain with fungi | 镰孢菌 Fusarium spp. | 青霉菌 Penicillium spp. | 曲霉菌 Aspergillus spp. | 籽粒带菌率 Rate of grain with fungi | 镰孢菌 Fusarium spp. | 青霉菌 Penicillium spp. | 曲霉菌 Aspergillus spp. | |
河北Hebei | 19.3 | 34.6 | 8.9 | 1.3 | 59.8 | 49.2 | 7.9 | 3.1 |
河南Henan | 30.3 | 40.7 | 4.0 | 3.1 | 68.7 | 63.0 | 10.0 | 2.7 |
山东Shandong | 23.6 | 43.7 | 6.8 | 1.9 | 54.9 | 65.2 | 7.6 | 2.4 |
安徽Anhui | 17.0 | 25.2 | 4.0 | 1.3 | 45.5 | 56.6 | 11.8 | 2.0 |
均值Average | 22.6 | 36.1 | 6.0 | 1.9 | 57.2 | 58.5 | 9.3 | 2.6 |
[1] | 孙华, 张海剑, 马红霞, 石洁, 郭宁, 陈丹, 李坡. 春玉米区穗腐病病原菌组成、分布及禾谷镰孢复合种的鉴定. 植物病理学报, 2018, 48(1): 8-15. |
SUN H, ZHANG H J, MA H X, SHI J, GUO N, CHEN D, LI P.Composition and distribution of pathogens causing ear rot in spring maize region and identification ofFusarium graminearum species complex. Acta Phytopathologica Sinica, 2018, 48(1): 8-15. (in Chinese) | |
[2] | 姚瑞丽. 玉米穗腐病病原鉴定、产毒条件及田间防控研究[D]. 太谷: 山西农业大学, 2015. |
YAO R L.Study on identification, toxin production and field control of maize ear rot[D]. Taigu: Shanxi Agricultural University, 2015. (in Chinese) | |
[3] |
肖淑芹, 许佳宁, 闫丽斌, 隋韵涵, 薛春生, 陈捷. 辽宁省玉米镰孢穗腐病病原菌的鉴定与分布. 植物保护学报, 2017, 44(5): 803-808.
doi: 10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2017.2016056 |
XIAO S Q, XU J N, YAN L B, SUI Y H, XUE C S, CHEN J.Identification and distribution ofFusarium species causing maize ear rot in Liaoning Province. Journal of Plant Protection, 2017, 44(5): 803-808. (in Chinese)
doi: 10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2017.2016056 |
|
[4] | 段灿星, 王晓鸣, 宋凤景, 孙素丽, 周丹妮, 朱振东. 玉米抗穗腐病研究进展. 中国农业科学, 2015, 48(11): 2152-2164. |
DUAN C X, WANG X M, SONG F J, SUN S L, ZHOU D N, ZHU Z D.Advances in research on maize resistance to ear rot. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(11): 2152-2164. (in Chinese) | |
[5] | 欧阳毅, 祁智慧, 李春元, 张海洋, 唐芳. 玉米储藏真菌早期预测的研究. 粮油食品科技, 2017, 25(5): 52-55. |
OUYANG Y, QI Z H, LI C Y, ZHANG H Y, TANG F.Early prediction of fungus hazard during corn storage. Science and Technology of Cereals, Oils and Foods, 2017, 25(5): 52-55. (in Chinese) | |
[6] | 李慧, 王若兰, 渠琛玲, 薛飞. 玉米储藏过程发热霉变研究综述. 食品工业, 2017, 38(8): 188-191. |
LI H, WANG R L, QU C L, XUE F.Review on the fever and mildew of corn during storage. The Food Industry, 2017, 38(8): 188-191. (in Chinese) | |
[7] | MARCO M O, MARCELO A R, GERÓNIMO A V, GRACIELA C M. Diagnosis of mycotoxigenic fungi in stored grain corn. ECORFAN Journal, 2015, 1(1): 37-47. |
[8] | 刘凤芝, 李锋, 王永丽. 2017年上半年我国部分地区饲料及饲料原料中霉菌毒素的污染状况分析. 粮食与饲料工业, 2017(11): 46-50. |
LIU F Z, LI F, WANG Y L. Investigation of mycotoxins contamination in feeds and feed ingredients in the first half of 2017 in some parts of China. Cereal and Feed Industry, 2017(11): 46-50. (in Chinese) | |
[9] | 李昕, 秦泽明, 张维嘉, 苏祥, 刘建伟, 郑雯, 杨奕, 温红玲, 赵丽. 2015年山东部分地区食用植物油中黄曲霉毒素B1和玉米赤霉烯酮污染状况调查. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2018, 9(1): 198-203. |
LI X, QIN Z M, ZHANG W J, SU X, LIU J W, ZHENG W, YANG Y, WEN H L, ZHAO L.Contaminations of aflatoxin B1 and zearalenone in edible oil in Shandong province in 2015.Journal of Food Safety and Quality, 2018, 9(1): 198-203. (in Chinese) | |
[10] | 周建川, 郑文革, 赵丽红, 张天国, 雷元培, 计成. 2016年中国饲料和原料中霉菌毒素污染调查报告. 中国猪业, 2017(6): 22-26, 32. |
ZHOU J C, ZHENG W G, ZHAO L H, ZHANG T G, LEI Y P, JI C . Chinafeed and feed investigation of mycotoxin contamination in raw materials in 2016. China Swine Industry, 2017(6): 22-26, 32. (in Chinese) | |
[11] | 陈甫, 朱风华, 黄凯, 王倩文, 朱连勤. 山东省肉鸡全价料及饲料原料中AFB1、FUMB1、DON和ZEN污染情况调查报告. 中国畜牧杂志, 2016, 52(2): 66-71. |
CHEN F, ZHU F H, HUANG K, WANG Q W, ZHU L Q.Investigation of AFB1, FUMB1, DON and ZEN contamination on broiler feeds and feed ingredients in Shandong Province. Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 2016, 52(2): 66-71. (in Chinese) | |
[12] | 刘少文, 柏凡, 李云, 柏雪, 程传民, 方思敏, 董艾青, 樊淑娜. 我国西南地区猪配合饲料中霉菌毒素污染状况——基于102家饲料生产企业样品调查. 中国畜牧杂志, 2015, 51(12): 62-67. |
LIU S W, BAI F, LI Y, BAI X, CHENG C M, FANG S M, DONG A Q, FAN S N.Mycotoxins contamination of pig feeds in Southwest China: Based on a survey about 102 feed enterprises. Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 2015, 51(12): 62-67. (in Chinese) | |
[13] | 邓惠中, 贺建华. 饲料中霉菌毒素检测技术研究进展. 饲料工业, 2010, 31(7): 48-50. |
DENG H Z, HE J H.Research progress of mycotoxin detection in feed. Feed Industry, 2010, 31(7): 48-50. (in Chinese) | |
[14] |
WIDSTROM N W, GUO B Z, WILSON D M.Integration of crop management and genetics for control of preharvest aflatoxin contamination of corn. Journal of Toxicology, 2003, 22(2/3): 195-223.
doi: 10.1080/10915810305102 pmid: 12851152 |
[15] | MANNAA M, KIM K D.Control strategies for deleterious grain fungi and mycotoxin production from preharvest to postharvest stages of cereal crops: A review. Life Science and Natural Resources Research, 2017, 25: 13-27. |
[16] |
MANNAA M, KIM K D.Influence of temperature and water activity on deleterious fungi and mycotoxin production during grain storage. Mycobiology, 2017, 45(4): 240-254.
doi: 10.5941/MYCO.2017.45.4.240 pmid: 29371792 |
[17] |
LACEY J.Pre-and post-harvest ecology of fungi causing spoilage of foods and other stored products. Journal of Applied Bacteriology Symposium Supplement, 1989, 67: 11S-25S.
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1989.tb03766.x pmid: 2508232 |
[18] | 曲晓丽, 徐秀德, 董怀玉, 王丽娟, 姜钰, 宋艳春, 盖淑军. 玉米子粒携带真菌种群多样性分析. 玉米科学, 2009, 17(6): 115-117. |
QU X L, XU X D, DONG H Y, WANG L J, JIANG Y, SONG Y C, GAI S J.Analysis of fungi species diversity on maize kernels. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2009, 17(6): 115-117. (in Chinese) | |
[19] |
郭聪聪, 朱维芳, 付萌, 庞民好, 刘颖超, 董金皋. 甘肃省玉米籽粒中镰孢菌分离频率及伏马毒素含量监测. 植物保护学报, 2015, 42(6): 942-948.
doi: 10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2015.06.012 |
GUO C C, ZHU W F, FU M, PANG M H, LIU Y C, DONG J G.Occurrence ofFusarium species and fumonisins associated with maize kernels from Gansu Province. Journal of Plant Protection, 2015, 42(6): 942-948. (in Chinese)
doi: 10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2015.06.012 |
|
[20] | 罗晓杨, 郭庆元, 武小菲, 王晓鸣, 杨建国, 谢爱婷. 玉米生产品种种子带菌和镰孢菌毒素的检测. 作物杂志, 2009(3): 75-79. |
LUO X Y, GUO Q Y, WU X F, WANG X M, YANG J G, XIE A T.Seed health testing and detection ofFusarium toxins in maize varieties. Crops, 2009(3): 75-79. (in Chinese) | |
[21] | 胡晓芬, 蒋孟多. 玉米种子表面带菌检测的初步研究. 甘肃科技, 2017, 33(16): 139-140. |
HU X F, JIANG M D.Preliminary study on the detection of maize seed surface bacteria. Gansu Science and Technology, 2017, 33(16): 139-140. (in Chinese) | |
[22] | 蒋孟多, 胡晓芬. 玉米种子内部带菌检测的初步研究. 农业科技与信息, 2017(15): 59-60. |
JIANG M D, HU X F.Preliminary study on the detection of internal bacteria in maize seeds. Agricultural Science-Technology and Information, 2017(15): 59-60. (in Chinese) | |
[23] | 马奇祥, 张进云, 王胜亮, 喻璋. 玉米种子寄藏真菌的研究. 河南农学院学报, 1983(2): 1-8. |
MA Q X, ZHANG J Y, WANG S L, YU Z.The study of fungi on the maize kernels. Journal of Henan Agricultural College, 1983(2): 1-8. (in Chinese) | |
[24] | 陆家云. 植物病原真菌学. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2001. |
LU J Y. Plant Pathogenic Mycology.Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2001. (in Chinese) | |
[25] | 方中达. 植病研究方法. 3版. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2007. |
FANG Z D.Research Methods of Plant Disease. 3rd ed. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2007. (in Chinese) | |
[26] | GULLINO M L, MUNKVOLD G.Global Perspectives on the Health of Seeds and Plant Propagation Material. Springer Netherlands, 2014, 6: 17-28. |
[27] |
杨硕, 石洁, 张海剑, 郭宁, 李坡, 王振营. 桃蛀螟为害夏玉米果穗对产量的影响. 植物保护学报, 2015, 42(6): 991-996.
doi: 10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2015.06.019 |
YANG S, SHI J, ZHANG H J, GUO N, LI P, WANG Z Y.Impacts of durian fruit borerConogethes punctiferalis on yield loss of summer corn by injury corn ears. Journal of Plant Protection, 2015, 42(6): 991-996. (in Chinese)
doi: 10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2015.06.019 |
|
[28] | 刘玥, 李荣荣, 何康来, 白树雄, 张天涛, 丛斌, 王振营. 桃蛀螟为害对春玉米镰孢穗腐病发生及产量损失的影响. 昆虫学报, 2017, 60(5): 576-581. |
LIU Y, LI R R, HE K L, BAI S X, ZHANG T T, CONG B, WANG Z Y.Effects ofConogethes punctiferalis(Lepidopteran: Crambidae) infestation on the occurrence of Fusarium ear rot and the yield loss of spring corn. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 2017, 60(5): 576-581. (in Chinese) | |
[29] | 李夫沙, 李玲莉, 白亚东, 董军忠. 元江县曼来镇烟后套种玉米高产栽培技术. 中国林副产品, 2016(1): 47-48. |
LI F S, LI L L, BAI Y D, DONG J Z.High yield cultivation techniques of maize after tobacco interplanting in Manlai town of Yuanjiang County. Forest by-Product and Speciality in China, 2016(1): 47-48. (in Chinese) | |
[30] | 朱维芳. 玉米籽粒中镰孢菌的分离及相互作用对产毒的影响[D]. 保定: 河北农业大学, 2014. |
ZHU W F.The isolation of Fusarium species and the effect of interaction between Fusarium species for mycotoxin accumulation[D]. Baoding: Agricultural University of Hebei, 2014. (in Chinese) | |
[31] |
孙华, 张海剑, 郭宁, 石洁, 陈丹, 马红霞. 黄淮海夏玉米主产区穗腐病病原菌的分离鉴定. 植物保护学报, 2017, 44(5): 796-802.
doi: 10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2017.2016078 |
SUN H, ZHANG H J, GUO N, SHI J, CHEN D, MA H X.Isolation and identification of pathogens causing maize ear rot in Huang-Huai-Hai summer corn region. Journal of Plant Protection, 2017, 44(5): 796-802. (in Chinese)
doi: 10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2017.2016078 |
|
[32] | 任旭. 我国玉米穗腐病主要致病镰孢菌多样性研究[D]. 北京: 中国农业科学院, 2011. |
REN X.Diversity analyses of Fusarium spp., the main causal agents of maize ear rot in China[D]. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2011. (in Chinese) | |
[33] | 马红霞, 孙华, 郭宁, 张海剑, 石洁, 常佳迎. 禾谷镰孢复合种毒素化学型及遗传多样性分析. 中国农业科学, 2018, 51(1): 82-95. |
MA H X, SUN H, GUO N, ZHANG H J, SHI J, CHANG J Y.Analysis of toxigenic chemotype and genetic diversity of theFusarium graminearum species complex. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2018, 51(1): 82-95. (in Chinese) | |
[34] | NELSON P E, PLATTNER R D, SHACKELFORD D D, DESJARDINS A E.Production of fumonisins byFusarium moniliforme strains from various substrates and geographic areas. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 1991, 57(8): 2410-2412. |
[35] |
MISHRA H N, DAS C.A review on biological control and metabolism of aflatoxin. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 2003, 43(3): 245-264.
doi: 10.1080/10408690390826518 pmid: 12822672 |
[36] |
ROBENS J F, RICHARD J L.Aflatoxins in animal and human health//Reviews of Environmental Contamination Toxicology. Springer- Verlag New York, Inc., 1992, 127: 69-94.
doi: 10.1007/978-1-4613-9751-9_3 pmid: 1631352 |
[37] |
韩小敏, 张宏元, 张靖, 徐文静, 刘丹, 江涛, 徐进, 李凤琴. 中国94份玉米饲料原料中真菌及其毒素污染状况调查. 中华预防医学杂志, 2016, 50(10): 907-911.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2016.10.013 |
HAN X M, ZHANG H Y, ZHANG J, XU W J, LIU D, JIANG T, XU J, LI F Q.Survey on fungi contamination and natural occurrence of mycotoxins in 94 corn feed ingredients collected from China. Chinese Journal of Prevention Medicine, 2016, 50(10): 907-911. (in Chinese)
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2016.10.013 |
|
[38] | 刘付香, 李玲, 梁炫强. 生物防治黄曲霉毒素污染研究进展. 中国生物防治学报, 2010, 26(1): 96-101. |
LIU F X, LI L, LIANG X Q.Advances on biological control of aflatoxin contamination. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2010, 26(1): 96-101. (in Chinese) | |
[39] | 李磊, 姬建生, 赵军锋. 河南省玉米真菌毒素污染调查. 中国卫生检验杂志, 2017, 27(8): 1171-1173. |
LI L, JI J S, ZHAO J F.Investigation on mycotoxin contamination in corn in Henan. Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology, 2017, 27(8): 1171-1173. (in Chinese) |
[1] | 杜青, 唐照磊, 李石初, 上官玲玲, 李华娇, 段灿星. 广西玉米穗腐病致病镰孢种群构成与毒素化学型分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2019, 52(11): 1895-1907. |
[2] | 杨振兴,周怀平,解文艳,关春林,车丽. 长期施肥对土壤及玉米籽粒中Pb、As含量的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2015, 48(23): 4827-4836. |
|