关键词: 金大米, 遗传修饰生物, 知识产权, 专利, 反公共地悲剧, 综述

Abstract: As a world famous transgenic crop developed for a humanitarian target by public institutions, Golden Rice has been incurring, encountering and sustaining various glories, queries, and even blames as well upon its several aspects including the intellectual property rights (IPR). Based on a brief introduction to its technological background, this article presents an interpretation of the IPR issues of the Golden Rice, and manifests that the originally portrayed "giant" IPR obstacle has actually not been so unsurmountable, especially in the target developing countries such as China in which temporarily no relevant patents may exist. In addition, the tragedy of the anticommons in biotechnology has been discussed. Finally, by referring to the actual situation of China, the article gives suggestions for the Chinese scientists and administrators on how to deal with the IPR issues in the biotech research and concludes that China has now been just at a stage of "tragedy of the commons" and not that of the "anticommons".

Key words: Golden Rice, GMO, IPR, patent, Tragedy of the anticommons, Review