不同配伍酶制剂处理玉米秸秆对肉用绵羊生长性能和营养物质消化率的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2016.24.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】在以玉米秸秆为粗饲料的饲粮中添加不同配伍酶制剂，研究其对杜寒杂交肉羊生长性能和营养物质表观消化率的影响。【方法】选择400只月龄（3月龄）和体重（26.95±0.91kg）相近的杜寒杂交公羔羊，分为4组（每组100只、5个重复，每个重复20只），即对照组（基础饲粮无添加酶制剂），处理组Ⅰ（基础饲粮+纤维素酶、β-葡聚糖酶和木聚糖酶复合酶制剂）、处理组Ⅱ（基础饲粮+纤维素酶、β-葡聚糖酶、木聚糖酶和果胶酶复合酶制剂）和处理组Ⅲ（基础饲粮+纤维素酶、β-葡聚糖酶、木聚糖酶、果胶酶和漆酶复合酶制剂）；基础日粮为依据 NRC（2007）配制精粗比4:6（第一期）和5:5（第二期）（DM基础）的TMR饲粮；将复合酶制剂干粉用清水稀释成4%的溶液，喷洒于秸秆表面与精料补充料，用TMR机充分混匀后直接饲喂，复合酶制剂添加量为1kg·t-1 基础饲粮（风干基础）；试验期为76d（预试期为10d，正试期为66d）。【结果】不同配伍酶制剂对平均日增重（ADG）和料重比具有显著的影响（P＜0.05），而对干物质采食量（DMI）没有显著的影响（P=0.107）。处理组Ⅲ和处理组Ⅱ的ADG显著高于对照组和处理组Ⅰ（P＜0.05），处理组Ⅲ和处理组Ⅱ的料重比显著低于对照组（P＜0.05），而处理组Ⅲ与处理组Ⅱ或对照组与处理组Ⅰ之间ADG和料重比均没有显著差异（P＞0.05）。另外，不同配伍酶制剂对日粮DM、OM、GE、NDF和ADF的表观消化率具有显著的影响（P＜0.05），但对CP表观消化率没有显著影响（P＞0.05）。处理组Ⅲ和处理组Ⅱ的DM、OM、GE、NDF消化率显著高于对照组和处理组Ⅰ（P＜0.05），处理组Ⅲ的ADF消化率显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）。而处理组Ⅲ与处理组Ⅱ或对照组与处理组Ⅰ之间各营养物质表观消化率没有显著差异（P＞0.05），此外，4个组间CP表观消化率没有显著差异（P=0.166）。处理组Ⅲ的各营养物质（除CP外）表观消化率最高，与处理组Ⅱ相比，数值上占绝对优势，其中，DM和ADF消化率的提高幅度最大，与对照组相比分别提高11%和19%，同时，也具有较好的经济效益。【结论】不同配伍酶制剂处理秸秆型饲粮对育肥羊生长性能和营养物质消化率产生积极效应，处理组Ⅲ和处理组Ⅱ效果均显著，相比之下，处理组Ⅲ的效果更好，与对照相比，营养物质消化率提高11%，增重提高23.51%，饲料转化率提高26.36%，1kg增重饲料成本降低18.42%。

关键词: 育肥羊, 复合酶制剂, 秸秆, 增重, 消化率

Abstract: 【Objective】This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different compatibility enzymes on growth performance and nutrient digestibility of Dorper × Small Tail Han sheep crossbred male lambs fed with corn straw-based diets.【Method】Lambs were assigned to one of four groups of 100 animals per group with five replicates in a randomized complete block design being:control (basal diet without any supplementation), treatment groups (TG): TGⅠ (basal diet with enzymes preparation of Cellulase + β-glucanase + Xylanase), TGⅡ (basal diet with enzymes preparation of Cellulase + β-glucanase + Xylanase + Pectase), or TGⅢ (basal diet with enzymes preparation of Cellulase + β-glucanase + Xylanase + Pectase + Laccase) in a 76-day experiment including a 10-day preliminary test period and a 66-day formal trial period. The basal diets as TMR was fulfilled the growth requirements of lambs according to NRC (2007) with a concentrate: forage ratio of 4:6(at first phase) and 5:5(at second phase) (DM basis). The compound enzyme preparation for treatment diets was dissolved in water to form a 4% solution containing a mix of carrier and enzymes, which was sprayed directly onto the corn straw at a rate of 1.0 kg/t of TMR (Air dry basis), just prior to feeding.【Result】The results showed as follows: different compatibility enzymes had significant effects on ADG and ratio of feed to gain (F/G) (P＜0.05), but no significant differences were found in dry matter intake (P=0.107). ADG of TGⅢand TGⅡwas significantly higher than those in Control and TGⅠ(P＜0.05), and F/G of TG Ⅲ was significantly lower than that in Control (P＜0.05), but there was no difference between TGⅢ and TGⅡ or Control and TGⅠ(P＞0.05), respectively. Addition of enzymes preparation also increased (P＞0.05) apparent digestibility of all nutrients, except for CP(P=0.166). TGⅢ was the highest in nutrient digestibility. Apparent digestibility of DM, OM, GE, NDF, ADF in TGⅢ was significantly higher than that in Control (P＜0.05), but there was no difference between TGⅢ and TGⅡ or Control and TGⅠ(P＞0.05). The magnitude of improvement in digestibility varied among nutrients, with the highest improvement occurred in digestibility of DM and ADF (about 11% and 19%, respectively). The addition of enzyme preparation in TGⅢ also achieved good economic benefits. 【Conclusion】It was concluded that there are positive responses to growth performance and nutrient digestibility of fattening sheep for corn stalk diet treated with different compatibility enzymes. The effect of TGⅢ was significantly better than that of TGⅡ, although the effects of TG III and TG II were both significantly. Compared with the control, average daily gain of TG III was increased by 23.51%, nutrient digestibility was increased by 11%, feed conversion ratio was increased by 26.36%, and diet cost for 1kg weight gain was reduced by 18.42%.

Key words: fattening sheep, different compatibility enzymes, corn straw, live-weight gain, digestibility

王红梅，屠焰，司丙文，聂明非，刁其玉. 不同配伍酶制剂处理玉米秸秆对肉用绵羊生长性能和营养物质消化率的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2016, 49(24): 4806-4813.

WANG Hong-mei, TU Yan, SI Bing-wen, NIE Ming-fei, DIAO Qi-yu . Effects of Corn Straw Treated with Different Compatibility Enzymes on Growth Performance and Nutrient Digestibility of Mutton Sheep[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2016, 49(24): 4806-4813.

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