寡糖·链蛋白对小麦抗黄花叶病毒的免疫诱抗作用

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2016.18.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】激发子可以诱导寄主植物的系统获得抗病性，具有有效性、持久性和广谱性的特点。研究旨在明确新型激发子寡糖·链蛋白（oligosaccharins·plant activator protein）对小麦黄花叶病毒（Wheat yellow mosaic virus，WYMV）的免疫诱抗作用，为该激发子的研究和大面积推广应用提供技术支撑。【方法】选用小麦黄花叶病感病品种‘矮抗58’，在室内将消毒的小麦种子播种于自感病田带回的病土中，在(27±2)℃下培养。5叶期叶面喷施稀释1 000倍的6%寡糖·链蛋白。喷施7 d后，将麦苗置于（12±1）℃培养箱中接种培养。30 d后取出麦苗，分别测量小麦株高和叶片的叶绿素含量，计算病情指数和防治效果。在田间，同品种小麦种植于小麦黄花叶病常发地块，小麦返青后每周喷施1次6%寡糖·链蛋白，连续喷施3次。每周测量小麦株高和叶绿素含量，计算病情指数和防治效果。并于调查期间，每小区取20片植株最上部第一片完全展开的叶片，通过qPCR检测小麦植株内WYMV-CP基因拷贝数。在小麦收获时测定千粒重和穗粒数，测算产量。【结果】低温培养30 d后，经寡糖·链蛋白喷施处理的小麦较对照组的株高没有显著差异，但叶绿素含量则明显高于对照组（P＜0.05）；同时处理组的病情指数较对照组明显降低，防治效果达到63.32%。田间经寡糖·链蛋白处理后，小麦株高和叶绿素含量较对照没有显著差异。小麦返青期，喷施1周后病情指数与对照没有显著变化；而2周后病情指数显著降低，防治效果可达46.67%。小麦收获时调查发现，经寡糖·链蛋白处理后小麦穗粒数显著高于对照组(P＜0.05)，小麦产量明显升高（P＜0.05）。病株内WYMY-CP基因拷贝数在喷施1周后抑制率达到69.30%，2周后达到85.50%，3周后最高达到99.20%。【结论】寡糖·链蛋白可诱导小麦植株对小麦黄花叶病毒的抗性，显著降低小麦植株内WYMV-CP基因拷贝数；在田间可以减轻小麦黄花叶病的危害，减少产量损失。

关键词: 小麦黄花叶病毒；寡糖·, 链蛋白；诱导抗性；激发子；WYMV-CP

Abstract: 【Objective】Plant activator could trigger effective, persistent and broad-spectrum resistance in plants. The objective of this experiment is to study the resistance induced by oligosaccharins·plant activator protein against wheat yellow mosaic virus (WYMV), thus providing a technical basis for the research and promotion of the use of activator proteins on a large scale.【Method】In laboratory, WYMV susceptible wheat cultivar ‘Aikang 58’ was sowed in the soil that was collected from the WYMV infested field and grown in the incubator under (27±2)℃. When the wheat grown up to five-leaf stage, the 6% oligosaccharins·plant activator protein that was diluted 1 000 times was sprayed. After 7 days, the wheat was put in incubator for 30 days under (12±1)℃, so as to get WYMV inoculated plants. Then the height of wheat plant, chlorophyll content, disease index, and control efficiency were measured or calculated. In filed, wheat was sowed in the plot that infested with WYMV for many years. The oligosaccharins·plant activator protein was sprayed once a week for successive three times of spray when wheat plant was at returning green stage. At the same time, the height of wheat plant, chlorophyll content, disease index, and control efficiency were measured or calculated. Moreover, 20 upper first fully expanded leaves in each plot were taken every week to detect the copy number of WYMV-CP by qPCR during the field investigation. The thousand grain weight, the seeds per ear and the yields were measured and calculated at harvest.【Result】The laboratory experiment showed that after 30 days of the activator spray, the chlorophyll content increased dramatically (P＜0.05), the disease index decreased as the result of the control efficiency reached up to 63.32%, but no difference was found in plant height compared to the control. The field experiment showed that no significant control efficiency after one time spray, but the control efficiency reached up to 46.67% after two times of spray. The suppression rate of the copy number of WYMV-CP reached up to 69.30% in the first week, 85.50% in the second week, and the highest suppression reached up to 99.20% in the third week. However, the chlorophyll content and the height of wheat plants showed no significant differences. Although the seed numbers per ear significantly increased, but no difference was observed in thousand grain weight. As a result, the yields were significantly increased.【Conclusion】Oligosaccharins·plant activator protein could induce wheat plant resistance to WYMV. The copy number of WYMV-CP dramatically decreased in activator protein treated plants. It was showed that the activator could relieve WYMV damage and reduce yield loses in wheat fields.

Key words: Wheat yellow mosaic virus (WYMV), oligosaccharins·plant activator protein, induced resistance, activator, WYMV-CP

徐润东，盛世英，杨秀芬，刘勇. 寡糖·链蛋白对小麦抗黄花叶病毒的免疫诱抗作用[J]. 中国农业科学, 2016, 49(18): 3561-3568.

XU Run-dong, SHENG Shi-ying, YANG Xiu-fen, LIU Yong. Effect of Induced Resistance of Oligosaccharins·Plant Activator Protein on Wheat to WYMV[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2016, 49(18): 3561-3568.

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