豇豆属食用豆类间的远缘杂交

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.03.03

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】明确豇豆属下不同食用豆种间的杂交亲和性，为开展豇豆属食用豆远缘杂交育种提供参考。【方法】以绿豆、小豆、黑吉豆、饭豆、豇豆5种主要的豇豆属食用豆栽培豆种和Vigna minima、Vigna nakashimae、Vigna riukiuensis 3种小豆、饭豆的近缘野生种为亲本，进行豇豆属下食用豆种间的远缘杂交，并对“绿豆×小豆”、“饭豆×小豆”、“小豆×饭豆”的杂种幼胚进行幼胚拯救。通过调查杂交成荚率和杂种F₁的农艺性状表现，分析豇豆属下不同食用豆杂交组合间的杂交亲和性。【结果】各食用豆种间亲缘关系的远近及母本的选择影响远缘杂交结果。除包含豇豆种的杂交组合外，其他食用豆种间正反交杂交组合均能够结荚，杂交荚和杂交籽粒的发育程度在各组合间存在差异。“绿豆×黑吉豆”、“小豆×Vigna minima”、“小豆×Vigna nakashimae”、“小豆×Vigna riukiuensis”4个杂交组合不存在受精前的遗传障碍，杂交成荚率较高，幼胚发育阶段存在不同程度的发育障碍，但均可以获得能够正常出苗的杂交籽粒，F₁植株结实率降低。绿豆和饭豆间正反交均能够结荚，但绿豆作母本时的成荚率显著高于饭豆作母本时的成荚率，且能够收获成熟的杂交荚和杂交籽粒。F₁植株高度不育，即使与绿豆或饭豆回交也均不能获得有活力的后代种子。“绿豆×小豆”、“饭豆×小豆”2个杂交组合不存在受精前的杂交障碍，然而在受精后幼胚生长阶段却存在发育障碍。通过幼胚拯救可以获得两者的后代植株，前者F₁高度不育，后者F₁可育，但结实率降低。其他杂交组合间存在杂交荚发育一段时间后干枯或掉落、杂交籽粒胚败育等现象，未能获得后代植株。【结论】绿豆作母本与黑吉豆、小豆、饭豆杂交更利于杂交荚和杂交籽粒的发育；黑吉豆与小豆、饭豆杂交时存在胚败育现象；饭豆作母本与小豆杂交经幼胚拯救可以获得可育的F₁植株；小豆与近缘野生种的杂交亲和性优于饭豆；豇豆与其他食用豆类间杂交均未成功。

关键词: 豇豆属, 食用豆种, 远缘杂交, 幼胚拯救

Abstract: 【Objective】The aim of this study was to analyze the crossability of different Vigna species, which will facilitate the distant hybridization breeding of Vigna. 【Method】 Interspecific crossabilities were investigated among 5 cultivar species of Vigna, V. radiata (mungbean), V. mungo (black gram), V. umbellata (rice bean), V. anguluris (adzuki bean), V. unguiculata (cowpea), and 3 wild relative species of adzuki bean, V. minima, V. nakashiame and V. riukiuensis. Embryo rescue was conducted for 3 interspecific combinations, namely, V. radiata×V. angularis, V. angularis×V. umbellata and V. umbellata×V. angularis, respectively. The pod setting ratio of hybrid and performance of F₁ plant were investigated to analyze the crossabilities between food legumes of Vigna genus. 【Result】 The genetic relationship between different food legumes and the choice of female parent influenced the result of distant hybridization. Except for cowpea cross combinations, hybrid pods were set successfully in the other interspecific crosses. The growth of hybrid pods and seeds showed variations in different combinations. No genetic disorders before fertilization were found from the hybridizations of V. radiata×V. mungo, V. angularis×V. minima, V. angularis×V. nakashiame, and V. angularis×V. riukiuensis. The hybrid seeds of them germinated normally, and the hybrid plants were fertile, but the fruiting rates were lower. The pod setting ratio was significantly higher when V. radiata was selected as female parent in the interspecific crosses between V. radiata and V. umbellata. F₁ plants were obtained without embryo culture, but they showed complete hybrid sterility. No fertile seeds were obtained even backcross to V. radiata or V. umbellata. Hybrid plants were obtained from cultured embryos for the interspecific crosses of V. radiata ×V. angularis and V. umbellata ×V. angularis. The fertility of F₁ plants from these two combinations was opposite, sterile in the former and fertile in the latter. The hybrid pods shriveled or fell off, or embryo abortion occurred in all other interspecific crosses. 【Conclusion】Using mungbean as the female parent was of benefit to the development of the hybrid pods and seeds when crossed with blackgram, adzuki bean and rice bean, respectively. The embryo abortion occurred when crossed blackgram with adzuki bean and rice bean, respectively. Through the use of embryo culture, the fertile F₁ plants could be obtained when using rice bean as the female parent crossed with adzuki bean. The crossability of adzuki bean with its wild relative was better than that of rice bean. All the crosses were failure when using cowpea as one of the parents.

Key words: Vigna genus, food legumes, interspecific hybridization, embryo rescue

刘长友，范保杰，曹志敏，苏秋竹，王彦，张志肖，程须珍，田静. 豇豆属食用豆类间的远缘杂交[J]. 中国农业科学, 2015, 48(3): 426-435.

LIU Chang-you, FAN Bao-jie, CAO Zhi-min, SU Qiu-zhu, WANG Yan, ZHANG Zhi-xiao, CHENG Xu-zhen, TIAN Jing. Interspecific Hybridization Among Vigna Species[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(3): 426-435.

0
/ / 推荐

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

链接本文: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.03.03

https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/Y2015/V48/I3/426

参考文献

[1] 董玉琛. 小麦远缘杂交育种//中国农学会主编. 21世纪小麦遗传育种展望—小麦遗传育种国际学术讨论会文集. 北京: 中国农业科技出版社, 2001: 12-16.

Dong Y C. Distant hybridization breeding of wheat//Chinese Association of Agricultural Science Societies, eds. Prospect of Wheat Genetics and Breeding in The 21^st Century—Paper Collection of International Wheat Genetics and Breeding Conferences. Beijing: China Science and Technology Press, 2001: 12-16. (in Chinese)

[2] 安调过, 许红星, 许云峰. 小麦远缘杂交种质资源创新. 国生态农业学报, 2011, 19(5): 1011-1019.

An D G, Xu H X, Xu Y F. Enhancement of wheat distant hybridization germplasm. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2011, 19(5): 1011-1019. (in Chinese)

[3] 祁适雨, 于世选, 张耀辉, 于光华, 宋凤英. 春小麦与天蓝冰草远缘杂交育种的研究. 中国农业科学, 1979, 12(2): 1-11.

Qi S Y, Yu S X, Zhang Y H, Yu G H, Song F Y. Studies on wheat breeding by distant hybridization between wheat and Agropyron glaucum. Scientia Agricultura Sinica,1979, 12(2): 1-11. (in Chinese)

[4] 郑卓杰. 中国食用豆类学. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 1997: 3-6.

Zheng Z J. Food Legumes in China. Beijing: Chinese Agricultural Press, 1997: 3-6. (in Chinese)

[5] Tomooka N, Vaughan D A, Moss H. The Asian Vigna: Genus Vigna Subgenus Ceratotropis Genetic Resources. London: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2002: 92-184.

[6] Devi L S, Gupta P. Evaluation of greengram and blackgram varieties against cyst nematode-Heterodera cajani. Indian Journal of Nematology,1987, 17(2): 341.

[7] Tomooka N, Kashiwaba K, Vaughan D A, Ishimoto M, Egawa Y. The effectiveness of evaluating wild species: Searching for sources of resistance to bruchid beetles in the genus Vigna subgenus Ceratotropis. Euphytica, 2000, 115(1): 27-41.

[8] Kashiwaba K, Tomooka N, Kaga A, Han O K, Vaughan D A. Characterization of resistance to three bruchid species (Callosobruchus spp., Coleoptera, Bruchidae) in cultivated rice bean (Vigna umbellata).Journal of Economic Entomology, 2003, 96(1): 207-213.

[9] Fujii K, Miyazaki S. Infestation resistance of wild legumes (Vigna sublobata) to azuki bean weevil, Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) and its relationship with cytogenetic classification. Applied Entomology and Zoology, 1987, 22: 229-230.

[10] Fujii K, Ishimoto M, Kitamura K. Patterns of resistance to bean weevils (Bruchidae) in Vigna radiata-mungo-sublobata complex inform the breeding of new resistant varieties. Applied Entomology and Zoology, 1989, 24: 126-132.

[11] Satoshi A, Kushida A. Breeding soybean cyst nematode resistant azuki bean using wild Vigna germplasm//14th MAFF International Workshop on Genetic Resources. Tsukuba: National Institute of Agrobiological Science, 2009: 103-108.

[12] Sen N K, Ghosh A K. Interspecific hybridization between Phaseolus aureus Roxb. (green gram) and Ph. mungo L. (black gram). Bulletin of the Botanical Society of Bengal, 1963, 14: 1-4.

[13] Dana S. The cross between Phaseolus aureus Roxb. and P. Mungo L.. Genetica, 1966, 37(1): 259-274.

[14] Gosal S S, Bajaj Y P S. Interspecific hybridization between Vigna mungo and Vigna radiata through embryo culture. Euphytica, 1983, 32: 129-137.

[15] Kalpana P, Raghuvanshi S S, Dhan P. Induced high yielding amphiploid of Vigna radiata × Vigna mungo. Cytologia, 1990, 55(2): 249-253.

[16] Ahn C S. Interspecific hybridization among four species of the genus Vigna savi[D]. Michigan: University of Hawaii, 1976.

[17] Ahn C S, Min K S, Chung S J, Chung S J, Koh G C, Park S H. Interspecific hybridization between Vigna angularis (Wild.) ohwi and ohashi and Vigna umbellata (Thunb.) ohwi and ohashi through in vitro culture of embryos. Kerean Journal of Breeding, 1986, 18(4): 283-291.

[18] Chen N C, Baker L R, Honma S. Interspecific crossability among four species of Vigna food legumes. Euphytica, 1983, 32: 925-937.

[19] Tanapon C, Prakit S, Peerasak S, Sontichai C, Rangsarid K, Surapong D. Development of tetraploid plants from an interspecific hybrid between mungbean (Vigna radiata) and rice bean (Vigna umbellata). Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology, 2013, 16(1): 45-51.

[20] Siriwardhane D, Egawa Y, Tomooka N. Cross compatibility of cultivated adzuki bean (Vigna angularis) and rice bean (V. umbellata) with their wild relatives. Plant Breeding, 1991, 107: 320-325.

[21] 杨人俊, 韩亚光. 野赤豆在辽宁省的地理分布及其与赤豆间的杂交试验. 作物学报, 1994, 20(5): 607-613.

Yang R J, Han Y G. The geographical distribution of Vigna angularis var. nipponensis in Liaoning Prov. of China and artificial crossing between it and V. angularis var. angularis. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 1994, 20(5): 607-613. (in Chinese)

[22] 刘玉平, 田静, 和剑涵, 李辉. 关于绿豆杂交方法的探讨. 河北农业科学, 1997, 1(1): 9-11.

Liu Y P, Tian J, He J H, Li H. Study of mungbean hybridization method. Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences, 1997, 1(1): 9-11. (in Chinese)

[23] 程须珍, 王素华, 王丽侠. 绿豆种质资源描述规范和数据标准. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2006: 13-43.

Cheng X Z, Wang S H, Wang L X. Descriptor and Data Standard for Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2006: 13-43. (in Chinese)

[24] 邓衍明, 叶晓青, 佘建明, 汤日圣. 植物远缘杂交育种研究进展. 华北农学报, 2011, 26(增刊): 52-55.

Deng Y M, Ye X Q, She J M, Tang R S. The research progress on distant hybridization of plant breeding. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2011, 26(Suppl.): 52-55. (in Chinese)

[25] 李振声. 创造新物种与改良旧物种-远缘杂交在作物育种中的应用. 中国农业科学, 1977, 3: 38-42.

Li Z S. Creating new species and improving the old species-the role of distant hybridization in crop breeding. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 1977, 3: 38-42. (in Chinese)

[26] Kaga A, Tomooka N, Egawa Y, Hosaka K, Kamijima O. Species relationships in the subgenus Ceratotropis (Genus vigna) as revealed by RAPD analysis. Euphytica, 1996, 88: 17-24.

[27] 张天真. 作物育种学总论. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2003: 114-228.

Zhang T Z. General Crop Breeding. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2003: 114-128. (in Chinese)

[28] Gutierrez-Marcos J F, Pennington P D, Costa L M, Dickinson H G. Imprinting in the endosperm: A possible role in preventing wide hybridization. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society Series B, 2003, 358: 1105-1111．

[29] 安调过, 钟冠昌, 李俊明, 王志国, 王彦梅, 纪军. 半浸根法加倍小麦远缘杂交幼胚再生植株染色体. 作物学报, 2003, 29(6): 955-957.

An D G, Zhong G C, Li J M, Wang Z G, Wang Y M, Ji J. Chromosome doubling methods of immature embryo plants of wheat distant hybridization. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2003, 29(6): 955-957. (in Chinese)