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1. Creation of two hyperactive variants of phytochrome B1 for attenuating shade avoidance syndrome in maize
ZHAO Yong-ping, ZHAO Bin-bin, WU Guang-xia, MA Xiao-jing, WANG Bao-bao, KONG De-xin, WEI Hong-bin, WANG Hai-yang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2022, 21 (5): 1253-1265.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63466-9
摘要244)      PDF    收藏

增加种植密度是提高玉米产量的有效措施。然而,密植容易引发植物的避荫反应综合征,导致抗倒伏能力下降,最终导致产量降低。光敏色素B(phyB)在植物避荫反应中起主导作用。研究表明,将拟南芥PHYB(AtPHYB)104和361位的酪氨酸(Y)改变为苯丙氨酸(F)可以增强其活性。在本研究中,我们通过模拟AtPHYB的Y104F和Y361F的突变形式,创制了两个玉米PHYB1超敏突变体: ZmPHYB1Y98F和ZmPHYB1Y359F。在ZmPHYB1自身启动子的驱动下,将ZmPHYB1Y98F、ZmPHYB1Y359F和野生型的ZmPHYB1 (ZmPHYB1WT)转入到拟南芥phyB-9突变体中。在转基因拟南芥中,与ZmPHYB1WT相比,异源表达ZmPHYB1Y98FZmPHYB1Y359F增强了对phyB-9相关表型的互补功能。与ZmPHYB1WT相似,红光处理可诱导ZmPHYB1Y98F和ZmPHYB1Y359F蛋白从细胞质中转运到细胞核,并且能够与玉米中的PIF蛋白互作。此外,在模拟遮荫处理下,ZmPHYB1自身启动子驱动的ZmPHYB1Y98FZmPHYB1Y359F在转基因玉米中的表达可以减弱玉米幼苗的避荫反应综合征,还能够降低玉米植株的株高和穗位高。综上所述,研究结果表明ZmPHYB1Y98FZmPHYB1Y359F能够减弱玉米的避荫反应综合征,为培育耐密玉米品种提供了新思路


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2. 端粒酶法永生化猪气管上皮细胞感染模型的建立及其在猪源支原体感染上的应用
XIE Xing,  HAO Fei, WANG Hai-yan, PANG Mao-da, GAN Yuan, LIU Bei-bei, ZHANG Lei, WEI Yan-na, CHEN Rong, ZHANG Zhen-zhen, BAO Wen-bin, BAI Yun, SHAO Guo-qing, XIONG Qi-yan, FENG Zhi-xin
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2022, 21 (2): 504-520.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(21)63644-4
摘要166)      PDF    收藏

猪的呼吸道是多种病原微生物的定殖场所,包括常见的四种猪源支原体,分别是猪肺炎支原体(Mhp),猪鼻支原体(Mhr),猪絮状支原体(MF)和猪滑液支原体(MHS)。猪源支原体主要寄居于猪气管黏膜表面,最具代表性的Mhp是引起猪气喘病的主要病原,并易与其他猪呼吸道病原混合或继发感染,引发猪呼吸道疾病综合征,使得感染猪产生慢性持续性呼吸系统疾病,给养猪业带来巨大的经济损失。沿着猪呼吸道上皮细胞的纤毛的黏附是猪源支原体成功感染的前提。猪原代气管上皮细胞(PTEC)是研究包括猪源支原体的各种猪呼吸道病原发病机制的合适模型,但原代PTEC细胞短暂的寿命极大地限制了其应用前景。因此,构建永生化的猪气管上皮细胞,对包括Mhp在内的所有猪源支原体等猪呼吸道病原,具有较高的应用价值。

我们首先提供了详细的分离和培养原代PTEC的方法步骤。随后通过用含有人端粒酶逆转录酶(hTERT)的重组构建的质粒pEGFP-hTERT转染原代PTECs,通过两轮G418的抗性筛选,建立永生化的猪气管上皮细胞系(hTERT-PTECs),并可传代至60代以上。通过比较原代与永生化细胞的上皮细胞表面标志物角蛋白18的表达,细胞周期,细胞生长曲线,端粒酶活性,染色体核型分析,端粒酶基因的蛋白质印记检测,软琼脂和裸鼠成瘤试验,增殖能力等相关基因的定量PCR检测,不仅证实了永生化细胞具备了原代细胞的形态及功能特性,与原代PTECs相比,hTERT-PTEC也具有更长的寿命,更高的端粒酶活性和增殖活性。裸鼠体内未表现出恶性表型,表明该细胞系不具有致瘤性。将不同的猪源支原体菌株感染hTERT-PTECs,通过颜色变化单位CCU50黏附率的定量计算,hTERT-PTECs对所有猪源支原体易感,且原代和永生化细胞之间的黏附能力无显著差异。而对于代表性的MhpDNA拷贝定量实时PCR测定,间接免疫荧光测定和蛋白质印迹分析表明hTERT-PTECs能够粘附不同毒力的Mhp菌株。总之,与原代PTECs类似,hTERT-PTECs可以广泛用作猪源支原体的粘附细胞模型,并可用于多种猪呼吸道病原体的感染研究。

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3. Follicle-stimulating hormone is expressed in ovarian follicles of chickens and promotes ovarian granulosa cell proliferation
BI Yu-lin, YANG Shu-yan, WANG Hai-yan, CHANG Guo-bin, CHEN Guo-hong
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2021, 20 (10): 2749-2757.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(21)63606-7
摘要174)      PDF    收藏

卵泡刺激素(FSH)是一种重要的下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴(HPG)激素,由垂体分泌。本研究证实FSH在鸡卵泡不同时期均有表达,颗粒细胞中FSHβ mRNA表达信号强于卵母细胞(P<0.05)。卵巢中FSHβ 369 bp的编码序列与垂体中FSHβ的编码序列完全相同。体外实验表明卵巢具有FSH分泌功能。此外,卵泡中FSHβ mRNA表达显著上调(P<0.05),且随着卵泡发育,FSHβ mRNA表达水平显著高于垂体(P<0.05),约为垂体的2~23倍。siRNA处理后卵巢颗粒细胞数量明显减少(P<0.05),说明卵巢FSH可促进颗粒细胞增殖。这一观点得到了细胞周期分析和CCND2CCNE2表达的支持。进一步研究表明,经FSHβ siRNA处理的颗粒细胞数与外源性FSH处理的颗粒细胞数无显著差异(P>0.05),而未经FSHβ siRNA转染的颗粒细胞数明显高于外源性FSH处理的颗粒细胞数(P<0.05)。提示外源性FSH对卵巢颗粒细胞的增殖作用依赖于内源性FSH。本研究表明FSH基因在鸡卵泡中表达,促进卵巢颗粒细胞增殖。本研究可以丰富HPG轴的理论。


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4. Genetic parameter estimation and genome-wide association study (GWAS) of red blood cell count at three stages in a Duroc×Erhualian pig population
NAN Jiu-hong, YIN Li-lin, TANG Zhen-shuang, CHEN Jian-hai, ZHANG Jie, WANG Hai-yan, DU Xiao-yong, LIU Xiang-dong
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2020, 19 (3): 793-799.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(19)62773-5
摘要135)      PDF    收藏
Red blood cells play an essential role in the immune system.  Moreover, red blood cell count (RBC) is an important clinical indicator of various diseases, including anemia, type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome.  Thus, it is necessary to reveal the genetic mechanism of RBC for animal disease resistance breeding.  However, quite a few studies had focused on porcine RBC, especially at different stages.  Thus, studies on porcine RBC at different stages are needed for disease resistant breeding.  In this study, the porcine RBC of 20-, 33-, and 80-day old were measured, and genetic parameter estimation and genome-wide association study (GWAS) were both performed.  As a result, the heritability was about 0.6 at the early stages, much higher than that at 80 days.  Nine novel genome wide significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), located at Sus scrofa chromosome (SSC)3, 4, 8, 9, 10 and 15, respectively, were identified.  Further, TGFβ2, TMCC2 and PPP1R15B genes were identified as important candidate genes of porcine red blood cell count.  So different SNPs and candidate genes were found significantly associated with porcine RBC at different stages, suggesting that different genes might play key roles on porcine RBC at different stages.  Overall, new evidences were offered in this study for the genetic bases of animal RBC, and that the SNPs and candidate genes would be useful for disease resistant breeding of pig.
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5. Production of homeobox A10 gene transgenic pigs by somatic cell nuclear transfer
XIAO Qian, ZHAO Chang-zhi, LIN Rui-yi, LI Guang-lei, LI Chang-chu, WANG Hai-yan, XU Jing, XIE Sheng-song, YU Mei, ZHAO Shu-hong
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2019, 18 (5): 1072-1079.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(19)62582-7
摘要233)      PDF    收藏
Homeobox A10 (Hoxa10) gene is one of the most important candidate genes associated with the reproductive performance of humans and mice.  Overexpression of Hoxa10 in mouse endometrium can increase litter size.  Moreover, Hoxa10 plays a key role in regulating the embryo implantation of sows.  This study aimed to generate transgenic pigs using Hoxa10 via somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT).  We established seven Hoxa10-transgenic cell lines, and two of the cell lines were selected as nuclear donors for the transfer.  A total of 1 270 cloned embryos were generated and transferred to five surrogate mothers (Landrace×Yorkshire).  Eight cloned male piglets were produced including one with cryptorchidism.  Six transgenic piglets grew up healthy and produced 56 offspring.  Finally, we obtained six transgenic male pigs and 26 transgenic positive offspring that can be used to further study the regulatory mechanism of Hoxa10 on the reproductive performance of pigs.
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6. Systemic acquired resistance, NPR1, and pathogenesis-related genes in wheat and barley
WANG Xiao-dong, BI Wei-shuai, GAO Jing, YU Xiu-mei, WANG Hai-yan, LIU Da-qun
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2018, 17 (11): 2468-2476.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(17)61852-5
摘要384)      PDF(pc) (2791KB)(744)    收藏
In Arabidopsis, systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is established beyond the initial infection by a pathogen or is directly induced by treatment with salicylic acid (SA) or its functional analogs, 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid (INA) and benzothiadiazole (BTH).  NPR1 protein is considered the master regulator of SAR in both SA signal sensing and transduction.  In wheat (Triticum aestivum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare), both pathogen infection and BTH treatment can induce broad-spectrum resistance to various diseases, including powdery mildew, leaf rust, Fusarium head blight, etc.  However, three different types of SAR-like responses including acquired resistance (AR), systemic immunity (SI), and BTH-induced resistance (BIR) seem to be achieved by activating different gene pathways.  Recent research on wheat and barley NPR1 homologs in AR and SI has provided the initial clue for understanding the mechanism of SAR in these two plant species.  In this review, the specific features of AR, SI, and BIR in wheat and barley were summarized and compared with that of SAR in model plants of Arabidopsis and rice.  Research updates on downstream genes of SAR, including pathogenesis-related (PR) and BTH-induced genes, were highlighted.
 
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7. Development of EST-PCR markers specific to the long arm of chromosome 6V of Dasypyrum villosum
SUN Hao-jie, SONG Jing-jing, XIAO Jin, XU Tao, WEI Xing, YUAN Chun-xia, CAO Ai-zhong, XING Liping, WANG Hai-yan, WANG Xiu-e
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2018, 17 (08): 1720-1726.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(17)61866-5
摘要404)      PDF    收藏
Received  1 September, 2017    Accepted  13 December, 2017

 
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8. Development of EST-PCR Markers for the Chromosome 4V of Haynaldia villosa and Their Application in Identification of 4V Chromosome Structural Aberrants
ZHAO Ren-hui, WANG Hai-yan, JIA Qi, XIAO Jin, YUAN Chun-xia, ZHANG Ya-jun, HU Qing-shan , WANG Xiu-e
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2014, 13 (2): 282-289.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(13)60359-7
摘要1671)      PDF    收藏
EST-PCR based molecular markers specific for alien chromosomes are not only useful for the detection of the introgressed alien chromatin in the wheat background, but also provide evidence of the syntenic relationship between homoeologous chromosomes. In the present study, in order to develop high density and evenly distributed molecular markers on chromosome 4V of Haynaldia villosa, a total of 607 primer pairs were designed according to the EST sequences, which were previously located in 23 different bins of wheat chromosomes 4A, 4B and 4D. By using the Triticum durum-H. villosa amphiploid and T. aestivum-H. villosa alien chromosome lines involving chromosome 4V, it was found that 9.23% of the tested primers could amplify specific bands for chromosome 4V. Thirty and twenty-six specific markers could be assigned to chromosome arms 4VS and 4VL, respectively. These 4V specific markers provided efficient tools for the characterization of structural variation involving the chromosome 4V as well as for the selection of useful genes located on chromosome 4V in breeding programs.
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9. Isolation and Characterization of NBS-LRR Class Resistance Homologous Gene from Wheat
ZHANG Nan, WANG Shen, WANG Hai-yan, LIU Da-qun
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2011, 10 (8): 1151-1158.   DOI: 10.1016/S1671-2927(11)60105-3
摘要1633)      PDF    收藏
One resistance gene analog fragment named RGA-CIN14 was isolated from TcLr19 wheat, which contains kinase-2,kinase-3a, and the GLPL motif of the NBS-spanning region, using degenerated primers according to the nucleotidebinding site (NBS) conserved domain. Based on the RGA-CIN14, a full-length cDNA, CIN14, which was 2 987 bpencoding 880 amino acids, was obtained by using the method of the rapid amplification cDNA ends (RACE). Bioinformaticsanalysis showed that the deduced amino acids of CIN14 protein consisted of a NB-ARC conserved domain and manyleucine-rich repeats (LRR) domains. The phylogenetic tree analysis indicated a considerable identity of the proteinencoded by CIN14 with that of wheat leaf rust resistance gene Lr1, but a lower similarity with Lr21. The expression profileof the CIN14 gene detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed that the CIN14 gene was not induced by Pucciniatriticina and it was a constitutive gene with low abundance in the wheat leaf tissue. The resistance homology sequencewas successfully obtained, which provides the shortcut for cloning of the resistance gene in TcLr19 wheat.
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