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1. JIA-2021-0361普通小麦籽粒灌浆速率及相关性状的全基因组连锁和关联分析
YU Hai-xia, DUAN Xi-xian, SUN Ai-qing, SUN Xiao-xiao, ZHANG Jing-juan, SUN Hua-qing, SUN Yan-yan, NING Tang-yuan, TIAN Ji-chun, WANG Dong-xue, LI Hao, FAN Ke-xin, WANG Ai-ping, MA Wu-jun, CHEN Jian-sheng
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2022, 21 (10): 2805-2817.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.07.032
摘要216)      PDF    收藏
籽粒灌浆速率(GFR)在小麦产量形成过程中起着关键作用,但由于表型调查困难等原因,对其遗传解析研究甚少。本研究测定了1个重组自交系群体和1个自然群体籽粒灌浆性状,基于高密度图谱进行相关性状的连锁分析和全基因组关联分析。在染色体 1B、4B和5A上鉴定到17个稳定的QTLs。 其中IWB19555-IWB56078 连锁区间对性状 GFR1、GFRmax、KL、KW、KT 和TKW具有多效性,表型变异解释率(PVE)为13.38%(KW)- 33.69%(TKW)。检测到198个显著性状关联位点(MTAs)分布在除了3D和4D之外的染色体上。GFR的主要关联位点包括 IWB44469(11.27%)、IWB8156(12.56%)和IWB24812(14.46%)。检测到IWB41019是籽粒大小相关的重要多效性位点。通过GWAS鉴定到的IWB35850与连锁分析获得的QGFRmax2B.3-11位于同一区域,该区域包含两个高置信候选基因。检测到两个重要的粒重相关 QTL与灌浆速率 QTL定位到同一区间。这些发现有助于解析 GFR 的遗传基础,为小麦产量性状 QTL候选基因预测提供理论依据。
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2.
Canopy morphological changes and water use efficiency in winter wheat under different irrigation treatments
ZHAO Hong-xiang, ZHANG Ping, WANG Yuan-yuan, NING Tang-yuan, XU Cai-long, WANG Pu
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2020, 19 (4): 1105-1116.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(19)62750-4
摘要183)      PDF    收藏
Water is a key limiting factor in agriculture.  Water resource shortages have become a serious threat to global food security.  The development of water-saving irrigation techniques based on crop requirements is an important strategy to resolve water scarcity in arid and semi-arid regions.  In this study, field experiments with winter wheat were performed at Wuqiao Experiment Station, China Agricultural University in two growing seasons in 2013–2015 to help develop such techniques.  Three irrigation treatments were tested: no-irrigation (i.e., no water applied after sowing), limited-irrigation (i.e., 60 mm of water applied at jointing), and sufficient-irrigation (i.e., a total of 180 mm of water applied with 60 mm at turning green, jointing and anthesis stages, respectively).  Leaf area index (LAI), light transmittance (LT), leaf angle (LA), transpiration rate (Tr), specific leaf weight, water use efficiency (WUE), and grain yield of winter wheat were measured.  The highest WUE of wheat in the irrigated treatments was found under limited-irrigation and grain yield was only reduced by a small amount in this treatment compared to the sufficient irrigation treatment.  The LAI and LA of wheat plants was lower under limited irrigation than sufficient irrigation, but canopy LT was greater.  Moreover, the specific leaf weight of winter wheat was significantly lower under sufficient than limited irrigation conditions, while the leaf Tr was significantly higher.  Correlation analysis showed that the increased LAI was associated with an increase in the leaf Tr, but the specific leaf weight had the opposite relationship with transpiration.  Optimum WUE occurred over a reasonable range in leaf Tr.  In conclusion, reduced irrigation can optimize wheat canopies and regulate water consumption, with only small reductions in final yield, ultimately leading to higher wheat WUE and water saving in arid and semi-arid regions.
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3. Response and adaptation to the accumulation and distribution of photosynthetic product in peanut under salt stress
ZHANG Guan-chu, DAI Liang-xiang, DING Hong, CI Dun-wei, NING Tang-yuan, YANG Ji-shun, ZHAO Xin-hua, YU Hai-qiu, ZHANG Zhi-meng
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2020, 19 (3): 690-699.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(19)62608-0
摘要168)      PDF    收藏

本研究以花育25为材料,设置非盐胁迫(CK),0.15%(S1)和0.3%盐胁迫(S2)三个处理,探究了盐胁迫对花生光合特性、植株不同器官干物质积累与分配及荚果发育动态的影响。结果表明,盐胁迫降低了花生的净光合速率(Pn),SPAD值,单株叶面积和产量;播种后第50天,CK的Pn分别较S1和S2处理高出13.71%和28.72%。同一生育期内,处理间的SPAD值差异均为CK>S1>S2。盐胁迫降低了花生的单株荚果重,百果重,百仁重和出米率,大小为CK>S1>S2。与CK相较,花生通过改变了光合产物在不同器官中的分配比例来适应盐胁迫,在营养生长和早期生殖期生长阶段,S1和S2处理增加了光合产物在茎和荚果中分配比例。整个生育期内,S1和S2处理的根系干重集中分布在0-40厘米的土壤层中。荚果发育过程中,S1和S2处理的荚果体积、干重和果仁干重的最大生长速率(Vmax)均下降;收获时,S1和S2处理的荚果和果仁的体积较CK均降低,因此盐胁迫下花生通过降低荚果和果仁体积来提高饱满度。以上发现为盐碱地种植花生提供了理论指导


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4. Identification and characterization of cell cultures with various embryogenic/regenerative potential in cotton based on morphological, cytochemical, and cytogenetical assessment
GUO Hui-hui, WU Jian-fei, CHEN Cui-xia, WANG Hong-mei, ZHAO Yun-lei, ZHANG Chao-jun, JIA Yin-hua, LIU Fang, NING Tang-yuan, CHU Zhao-hui, ZENG Fan-chang
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2019, 18 (1): 1-8.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(17)61876-8
摘要340)      PDF(pc) (10560KB)(457)    收藏
Somatic embryogenesis (SE) plays a vital role in genetic transformation and massive propagation of important agronomical and economical crops.  Here, we conducted a systematic assessment of the morphological, cytochemical, and cytogenetical characteristics of six culture strains with various embryogenic/regenerative potential during SE process in cotton.  Results indicated that the six cell culture strains had stable ploidy levels, and did not reveal any relationship between the cytogenetic state and their morphogenetic potential.  Moreover, the six culture strains were compared via double staining with Evans blue and Acetocarmine to efficiently distinguish embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells and determine the embryogenic nature of the calli.  In addition, the kind of auxins added in medium affected not only growth property, color, size of cell clumps but also ploidy level and regeneration ability.  By combining analysis of morphological, cytochemical, and cytogenetical characteristics of the cell cultures, we are able to obtain and maintain homogeneous cell population with high morphogenic and regeneration ability and establish efficient somatic embryogenesis and regeneration system from short-term cell cultures in upland cotton, which highlight the application of biotechnological approaches in crop breeding, and above all, to better understand totipotency of cells in higher plants.
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5. Coupling Effects of Irrigation and Phosphorus Fertilizer Applications on Phosphorus Uptake and Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat
WANG Yu, CHI Shu-yun, NING Tang-yuan, TIAN Shen-zhong , LI Zeng-jia
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2013, 12 (2): 263-272.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(13)60225-7
摘要1469)      PDF    收藏
The water content and nutrient in soil are two main determine factors to crop yield and quality, managements of which in field are of great importance to maintain sustainable high yield. The objective of this study was to measure the uptake, forms, and use efficiency of phosphorus (P) in wheat under four levels of irrigation (W0, W1, W2, and W3) and three levels of P application (P0, P1, and P2) through two growth seasons of wheat (2008-2010). The field experiment was carried out in a low level of soil P concentration and the cultivar was Jimai 20. The results indicated that P fertilizer combined with irrigation not only improved the activity of phosphatase in soil, but also increased P accumulation in wheat, similar results was found in the grain of wheat, the content of total P increased significantly. Meanwhile, the mainly existence forms of P in grain were the lecithoid-P and labile organic-P. On the other hand, in comparison to the irrigation, the dry matter and grain P production efficiency and postponing P application of wheat increased with increasing P application rates within the range of 0-180 kg P2O5 ha-1. The interaction between P and irrigation also significantly (P<0.01) affected on the P accumulation, grain total P, grain phospholipid P, and P production efficiency. In this study, therefore, the P applications and irrigation improved grain P production efficiency and postponing P application of winter wheat, and W2P2 treatment (180 kg P2O5 ha-1 combination with 120 mm irrigation) had a high P accumulation and P use efficiency, it was an optimum level for P fertilizer application and irrigation in this region.
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