在间作系统中，高位作物往往会对低位作物造成遮荫胁迫，从而影响低位作物的农艺特性。本研究探讨了遮荫胁迫下不同花生品种间光合、生理及产量变化的差异机制。在花生的生殖生长时期对4个花生品种S60、C4、P12和YS151进行77天的遮荫胁迫。结果表明，遮荫胁迫下，S60和P12的产量和干物重降低幅度均低于C4和YS151。遮荫胁迫下S60和P12的抗氧化酶活性高于C4和YS151。遮荫胁迫下，S60和P12的捕光能力高于C4和YS151，这与叶绿素a、b含量和叶绿素a/b比值的变化有关。遮荫胁迫下，C4和YS151的净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率降低，而胞间CO2浓度升高。非气孔限制因子降低了遮荫胁迫下花生的光合能力。遮光胁迫下，S60和P12的PSII (Fv/Fm)和非光化学猝灭(NPQ)的最大光化学效率均高于C4和YS151。以上结果表明，S60和P12在弱光环境中可以吸收更多的光能进行光合作用，并将多余的能量以热量的形式耗散，以提高其防光能力。本研究解释了造成遮荫胁迫下花生品种间抗逆性差异的机制，为耐荫品种的选择提供了生理参数。

Sorghum is an important source of food, feed and raw material for brewing, and is expected to be a promising bioenergy crop.  Sorghum is well known for its strong resistance to abiotic stress and wide adaptability, and salt tolerance is one of its main characteristics.  Increasing sorghum planting acreage on saline-alkalien land is one way to effectively use this kind of marginal soil.  In this paper, domestic and overseas research on plant tolerance to soil salinity and alkalinity in sorghum, including salt-tolerant genetics and breeding, physiology, cultivation, and identification of tolerant germplasms, are reviewed.  Suggestions for further studies on salinity and alkalinity tolerance in sorghum are given, and the prospects for sorghum production in saline-alkalien land are discussed.

Starch content is a key factor affecting sorghum grain quality. The research of sorghum grain starch accumulation and the related synthesis enzyme activities has great significance for understanding the mechanisms of starch metabolisms. The differences between a high and a low starch content sorghum hybrids (Tieza 17 and Liaoza 11, respectively) in grain starch accumulation and the related synthesis enzyme activities were assessed following imposition of water stress during flowering stage. The total starch, amylase and amylopectin accumulation all decreased at the mid-late stage of grain filling under drought stress during flowering stage. The maximum and mean accumulation rates also decreased. During grain filling, soluble starch synthase (SSS), granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS), starch branching enzyme (SBE), and starch debranching enzymes (DBE) activities were all affected, though differently. Drought stress reduced starch accumulation in a larger extent for Tieza 17 than Liaoza 11. Drought stress during flowing stage reduced starch synthesis enzyme activities, thus reducing starch accumulation in grains, and the differences between starch components were also demonstrated under drought stress.