Effects of shading stress during the reproductive stages on photosynthetic physiology and yield characteristics of peanut (Arachis hypogaea Linn.)

doi:10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63442-6

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在间作系统中，高位作物往往会对低位作物造成遮荫胁迫，从而影响低位作物的农艺特性。本研究探讨了遮荫胁迫下不同花生品种间光合、生理及产量变化的差异机制。在花生的生殖生长时期对4个花生品种S60、C4、P12和YS151进行77天的遮荫胁迫。结果表明，遮荫胁迫下，S60和P12的产量和干物重降低幅度均低于C4和YS151。遮荫胁迫下S60和P12的抗氧化酶活性高于C4和YS151。遮荫胁迫下，S60和P12的捕光能力高于C4和YS151，这与叶绿素a、b含量和叶绿素a/b比值的变化有关。遮荫胁迫下，C4和YS151的净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率降低，而胞间CO2浓度升高。非气孔限制因子降低了遮荫胁迫下花生的光合能力。遮光胁迫下，S60和P12的PSII (Fv/Fm)和非光化学猝灭(NPQ)的最大光化学效率均高于C4和YS151。以上结果表明，S60和P12在弱光环境中可以吸收更多的光能进行光合作用，并将多余的能量以热量的形式耗散，以提高其防光能力。本研究解释了造成遮荫胁迫下花生品种间抗逆性差异的机制，为耐荫品种的选择提供了生理参数。

Abstract:

In intercropping systems, high-positioned crops often exert shading stress on low-positioned crops, thus affecting the agronomic characteristics of the low-positioned crops. This study determined the mechanisms of photosynthetic, physiological and yield variations among peanut cultivars under shading stress. Four peanut cultivars, S60, C4, P12, and YS151, were grown in the field and subjected to shading stress for 77 days during reproductive stages. S60 and P12 showed lower yield and reduced biomass accumulation than C4 and YS151 under shading stress. Shading stress induced higher antioxidant enzyme activities in S60 and P12, relative to C4 and YS151. Under shading stress, S60 and P12 showed a higher light-trapping capability than C4 and YS151, which was associated with changes in chlorophyll (Chl) a and b contents, and Chl a/b ratio. The net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rates of C4 and YS151 were decreased, but the intercellular CO₂ concentration increased under shading stress. The results demonstrated that non-stomatal limiting factors decreased the photosynthetic capacity of peanut under shading stress. The maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII (F_v/F_m) and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) were higher in S60 and P12 than in C4 and YS151 under shading stress. These results suggest that S60 and P12 could absorb more light energy from weak light environments for photosynthesis than C4 and YS151 and dissipate the excess energy in the form of heat to improve their light protection ability. This study explains the inter-variety differences in shading stress tolerance in peanut and provides physiological parameters for guiding the selection of shade-tolerant cultivars.

Key words: peanut , shading , antioxidant enzyme system , photosynthesis , fluorescence , yield

. [J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2021, 20(5): 1250-1265.

WANG Yi-bo, HUANG Rui-dong, ZHOU Yu-fei. Effects of shading stress during the reproductive stages on photosynthetic physiology and yield characteristics of peanut (Arachis hypogaea Linn.)[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2021, 20(5): 1250-1265.

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