控释氮肥优化施用策略可提高水稻产量、氮肥利用效率和抗倒伏能力

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2024.10.007

Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2026, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (3): 903-917.DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.10.007

控释氮肥优化施用策略可提高水稻产量、氮肥利用效率和抗倒伏能力

收稿日期:2024-06-06 修回日期:2024-10-28 接受日期:2024-09-24 出版日期:2026-03-20 发布日期:2026-02-06

Optimized application strategy of controlled-release nitrogen improves grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency and lodging resistance of rice

Hao Wu¹, Wenjiang Jing¹, Yajun Zhang¹, Ying Zhang¹, Weilu Wang¹, Kuanyu Zhu¹, Weiyang Zhang¹, Junfei Gu¹, Lijun Liu¹, Jianhua Zhang^2, ³, Hao Zhang^1#

¹Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
²Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
³State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China

Received:2024-06-06 Revised:2024-10-28 Accepted:2024-09-24 Online:2026-03-20 Published:2026-02-06
About author:#Correspondence Hao Zhang, Fax: +86-514-87979317, E-mail: haozhang@yzu.edu.cn
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFD2300304), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32272197 and 32071944), the Hong Kong Research Grants Council, China (GRF 14177617, 12103219, 12103220, and AoE/M-403/16), the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology (Strategic Collaborative Projects) at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, China, and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, China (PAPD).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

倒伏是制约水稻产量的一个重要因素。如何在避免倒伏的情况下实现水稻产量和氮肥利用效率协同提高一直是世界各国关注的焦点。本研究以籼粳杂交稻甬优2640和常规粳稻金香玉1号为材料，进行了为期两年的田间试验。设置6种不同的氮肥管理处理，即氮空白（T1）、常规尿素（T2）、控释氮肥（T3）、控释肥减氮（T4）、控释氮肥和尿素基肥一次施（T5）、控释氮肥和尿素分期施（T6）。结果表明：与T2相比，控释氮肥配施策略（T5和T6）下氮肥利用效率和产量分别提高4.89 ~ 5.69%和3.41 ~ 4.65%；控释氮肥配施策略能显著提高水稻基部第二节间茎秆中碳水化合物含量、节间折断弯矩、茎秆表皮硅层厚度、大小维管束数量、薄壁组织和机械组织厚度，同时降低了节间长度、弯曲力矩和倒伏指数。上述结果表明，控释氮肥配施策略通过改善茎秆基部第二节间的形态学、力学和理化特征以及解剖学特性，在提高茎秆强度的同时实现了水稻高产高效。

Abstract:

Lodging is a primary factor limiting rice grain yield. Achieving synergistic improvements in grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) without increasing lodging risk has been a global research priority. In this study, two rice cultivars - Yongyou 2640 (indica–japonica hybrid rice) and Jinxiangyu 1 (inbred japonica rice) - were evaluated in field experiments conducted over two growing seasons. Six nitrogen management strategies were implemented: no nitrogen (T1), conventional urea (T2), controlled-release nitrogen (CRN) (T3), reduction of CRN (T4), CRN combined with single basal application of conventional urea (T5), and CRN combined with split applications of conventional urea (T6). Compared with T2, the integrated nitrogen strategies (T5 and T6) increased NUE by 4.89–5.69% and grain yield by 3.41–4.65%. These treatments also enhanced structural integrity of the second basal internode, evidenced by increased carbohydrate content, internode breaking strength, epidermal silicon layer thickness, number of large and small vascular bundles, and thickness of both parenchymatous and mechanical tissues. Concurrently, internode length, bending moment, and lodging index were reduced. Collectively, these findings indicate that integrating CRN with conventional urea improves morphological, mechanical, physicochemical, and anatomical properties of the second basal internode, thereby enhancing stem strength and enabling high yield and NUE without compromising lodging resistance.

Key words: rice (Oryza sativa L.) , nitrogen use efficiency , controlled-release nitrogen , stem , lodging resistance

Hao Wu, Wenjiang Jing, Yajun Zhang, Ying Zhang, Weilu Wang, Kuanyu Zhu, Weiyang Zhang, Junfei Gu, Lijun Liu, Jianhua Zhang, Hao Zhang. 控释氮肥优化施用策略可提高水稻产量、氮肥利用效率和抗倒伏能力[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2026, 25(3): 903-917.

Hao Wu, Wenjiang Jing, Yajun Zhang, Ying Zhang, Weilu Wang, Kuanyu Zhu, Weiyang Zhang, Junfei Gu, Lijun Liu, Jianhua Zhang, Hao Zhang. Optimized application strategy of controlled-release nitrogen improves grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency and lodging resistance of rice[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2026, 25(3): 903-917.

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控释氮肥优化施用策略可提高水稻产量、氮肥利用效率和抗倒伏能力

Optimized application strategy of controlled-release nitrogen improves grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency and lodging resistance of rice

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