新型18β-甘草次酸酰胺衍生物在控制植物细菌性病害中的双重作用：基于ROS介导的抗菌活性和激活植物防御响应

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2022.10.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

长期以来，天然产物为新型农用化学品的发现提供了重要的来源及灵感。在众多的天然产物中，18β-甘草次酸具有广谱的生物活性，更为新药发现提供了重要的活性骨架。为了拓展18β-甘草次酸的农业用途，制备了一系列新型18β-甘草次酸酰胺衍生物，并评价其抗菌性能。以水稻黄单胞菌、柑橘溃疡病菌、猕猴桃溃疡病菌为测试菌株，采用浊度法测试了目标化合物的离体抗菌活性；采用盆栽实验，评估了目标化合物对水稻白叶枯病的防治效果；采用透射电镜对细菌的表型进行了初步验证；借助活性氧实验验证化合物对病原菌活性氧的干扰效果；结合防御酶实验探究化合物对植物防御酶活性的调控性能。通过抗菌活性实验表明，化合物5k对水稻白叶枯病菌(Xoo)具有较好的离体抑菌活性(EC₅₀ = 3.64 mg L^-1)和优异的活体保护活性(54.68%)。进一步通过活性氧实验和表型验证，化合物5k能造成病原菌体内活性氧的过量产生和积累，并进一步破坏病原菌的细胞膜。更值得注意的是,化合物5k能提升包括过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和苯丙氨酸解氨酶在内的植物防御酶的活性。实验结果表明，制备的18β-甘草次酸酰胺衍生物能通过破坏病原菌的氧化还原平衡并激活植物的防御系统共同发挥其控制植物细菌性病害的潜力。

Abstract:

Natural products have long been a crucial source of, or provided inspiration for new agrochemical discovery. Naturally occurring 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid shows broad-spectrum bioactivities and is a potential skeleton for novel drug discovery. To extend the utility of 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid for agricultural uses, a series of novel 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid amide derivatives were prepared and evaluated for their antibacterial potency. Notably, compound 5k showed good antibacterial activity in vitro against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo, EC₅₀=3.64 mg L^–1), and excellent protective activity (54.68%) against Xoo in vivo. Compound 5k induced excessive production and accumulation of reactive oxygen species in the tested pathogens, resulting in damaging the bacterial cell envelope. More interestingly, compound 5k could increase the activities of plant defense enzymes including catalase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and phenylalanine ammonia lyase. Taken together, these enjoyable results suggested that designed compounds derived from 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid showed potential for controlling intractable plant bacterial diseases by disturbing the balance of the phytopathogen’s redox system and activating the plant defense system

Key words: 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid , antibacterial activities , defense enzyme activity , reactive oxygen species

SONG Ying-lian, LIU Hong-wu, YANG Yi-hong, HE Jing-jing, YANG Bin-xin, YANG Lin-li, ZHOU Xiang, LIU Li-wei, WANG Pei-yi, YANG Song. 新型18β-甘草次酸酰胺衍生物在控制植物细菌性病害中的双重作用：基于ROS介导的抗菌活性和激活植物防御响应[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(9): 2759-2771.

SONG Ying-lian, LIU Hong-wu, YANG Yi-hong, HE Jing-jing, YANG Bin-xin, YANG Lin-li, ZHOU Xiang, LIU Li-wei, WANG Pei-yi, YANG Song. Novel 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid amide derivatives show dual-acting capabilities for controlling plant bacterial diseases through ROS-mediated antibacterial efficiency and activating plant defense responses[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(9): 2759-2771.

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