热胁迫下植物生长和耐热性的精细调控

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.028

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 全球变暖引起气候变化，严重影响植物生长发育，并对粮食安全构成威胁。植物本身具有对适宜温度的响应能力(如热形态发生)，并能承受一定范围的高温胁迫。在分子水平上，许多小分子在维持生长和防御机制之间的平衡发挥着关键作用，通过微调对外部刺激的响应来确保作物的最佳产量。因此，了解植物响应热应激的分子机制，解析植物适应热胁迫的的生物过程变得至关重要。在本综述中，我们概述了植物热响应基因网络，论述了植物如何感知高温并启动细胞和代谢反应，最终使其能够适应不利的生长条件。最后，我们还对植物生长及对热应激响应之间的权衡作出讨论，提出调控植物响应热应激的调节网络，这也将为全面挖掘耐热候选基因并应用于农业生产提供帮助。

Abstract:

Global warming impacts plant growth and development, which in turn threatens food security. Plants can clearly respond to warm-temperature (such as by thermomorphogenesis) and high-temperature stresses. At the molecular level, many small molecules play crucial roles in balancing growth and defense, and stable high yields can be achieved by fine-tuning the responses to external stimuli. Therefore, it is essential to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying plant growth in response to heat stress and how plants can adjust their biological processes to survive heat stress conditions. In this review, we summarize the heat-responsive genetic networks in plants and crop plants based on recent studies. We focus on how plants sense the elevated temperatures and initiate the cellular and metabolic responses that allow them to adapt to the adverse growing conditions. We also describe the trade-off between plant growth and responses to heat stress. Specifically, we address the regulatory network of plant responses to heat stress, which will facilitate the discovery of novel thermotolerance genes and provide new opportunities for agricultural applications.

Key words: heat stress , signal transduction , tolerance mechanisms , trade-off

. 热胁迫下植物生长和耐热性的精细调控[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2025, 24(2): 409-428.

Yulong Zhao, Song Liu, Kaifeng Yang, Xiuli Hu, Haifang Jiang. Fine control of growth and thermotolerance in the plant response to heat stress[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2025, 24(2): 409-428.

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