Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2012, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (1): 14-30.DOI: 10.1016/S1671-2927(00)8527

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

Research, Extension, and Good Farming Practices Improve Water Quality and Productivity

 Clinton C Shock, Candace B Shock   

  1. 1.Oregon State University Malheur Experiment Station, Ontario 97914, USA
    2.Scientific Ecological Services, Ontario 97914, USA
  • 收稿日期:2011-11-02 出版日期:2012-01-01 发布日期:2012-01-13
  • 通讯作者: Correspondence Clinton C Shock, Tel: +1-541-8892174, Fax: +1-541-8897831, E-mail: clinton.shock@oregonstate.edu
  • 基金资助:

    The development of this paper was aided by previous writing of the Lower Owyhee Watershed Assessment for the Owyhee Watershed Council with financial support from the Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board.

Research, Extension, and Good Farming Practices Improve Water Quality and Productivity

 Clinton C Shock, Candace B Shock   

  1. 1.Oregon State University Malheur Experiment Station, Ontario 97914, USA
    2.Scientific Ecological Services, Ontario 97914, USA
  • Received:2011-11-02 Online:2012-01-01 Published:2012-01-13
  • Contact: Correspondence Clinton C Shock, Tel: +1-541-8892174, Fax: +1-541-8897831, E-mail: clinton.shock@oregonstate.edu
  • Supported by:

    The development of this paper was aided by previous writing of the Lower Owyhee Watershed Assessment for the Owyhee Watershed Council with financial support from the Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board.

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摘要： Agriculture in southeastern Oregon and southwestern Idaho known collectively as the Treasure Valley has depended on furrow irrigation using heavy inputs of water and nitrogen (N) fertilizer. Crop rotations include onion, corn, wheat, sugar beet, potato, bean, and other crops. By 1986 groundwater had become contaminated with nitrate and residues of the herbicide chlorthal-dimethyl (DCPA); an official groundwater management area was established by the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality along with an action plan and well monitoring network. The action plan allowed for a trial period to see whether voluntary changes would improve trends. Researchers, producers, and agencies cooperated to develop production options that had the possibility of being both environmentally protective and cost effective. Options were tested to improve irrigation practices, increase N fertilizer use efficiency on several rotation crops, and find a cost effective replacement for DCPA. Research demonstrated the opportunity for increased productivity through both irrigation scheduling and the adoption of drip and sprinkler systems. Fertilizer research demonstrated that smaller, more frequent N applications were more efficient than a single large application. Effective, lower cost herbicides replaced DCPA. Research results were effectively delivered through many means and voluntarily adopted. Both groundwater nitrate and DCPA residues are declining. Productivity has increased.

关键词: DCPA, drip irrigation, groundwater nitrate, irrigation management, irrigation scheduling, nutrient management, voluntary cooperation

Abstract: Agriculture in southeastern Oregon and southwestern Idaho known collectively as the Treasure Valley has depended on furrow irrigation using heavy inputs of water and nitrogen (N) fertilizer. Crop rotations include onion, corn, wheat, sugar beet, potato, bean, and other crops. By 1986 groundwater had become contaminated with nitrate and residues of the herbicide chlorthal-dimethyl (DCPA); an official groundwater management area was established by the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality along with an action plan and well monitoring network. The action plan allowed for a trial period to see whether voluntary changes would improve trends. Researchers, producers, and agencies cooperated to develop production options that had the possibility of being both environmentally protective and cost effective. Options were tested to improve irrigation practices, increase N fertilizer use efficiency on several rotation crops, and find a cost effective replacement for DCPA. Research demonstrated the opportunity for increased productivity through both irrigation scheduling and the adoption of drip and sprinkler systems. Fertilizer research demonstrated that smaller, more frequent N applications were more efficient than a single large application. Effective, lower cost herbicides replaced DCPA. Research results were effectively delivered through many means and voluntarily adopted. Both groundwater nitrate and DCPA residues are declining. Productivity has increased.

Key words: DCPA, drip irrigation, groundwater nitrate, irrigation management, irrigation scheduling, nutrient management, voluntary cooperation